Abstract
P.Wilhelm Schmidt, etnolojinin esas görevinin, insanlığın başlangıcına yaklaşmak ve insanlığın en eski dinini de keşfetmek olduğu düşüncesini sürdürürken etnoloji bilimine de bir görev yüklemektedir. Çünkü Schmidt’e göre etnoloji insanlığın maddi kültür öğelerinin yanında, dini öğeleri de incelemelidir. Etnoloji içerisinde kültür tarihi ekolü, insanlığın en eski kültür aşamasının avcı-toplayıcılar olduğunu bulmuştur. Bu avcı-toplayıcıkültürler aynızamanda Schmidt’e göre, insanlığın en eski dinini temsil edebileceğini kabul etmektedir. Schmidt, dünyanın dört bir tarafına yayılmışolan bu kültürlerde dini benzer öğeleri genişbir analizden sonra ortaya koymuştur. Bu ilkel kültürlerdeki temel ortak özellik yüce varlık inancının hakim olmasıdır. Bu Yüce Varlık yaratıcıdır. Ama aynızamanda ahlaki kanunlar koyan ve bu kanunlara insanların uymasınıisteyen bir yüce varlıktır. Bu insanlar Yüce Varlık’a dua,kurban ve seremonilerle yaklaşmaktadırlar.
References
- Haekel, Joseph, ‘’Prof.Dr. Wilhelm Schmidts Bedeutung für die Religionsgeschichte des vorkolumbischen Amerika’’, Saeculum, Münih, 1956, c.7
- Schmidt, Wilhelm, Ursprung der Gottesidee, AschendorfschenVarlagsbuchhandung, Münster, 1912, c.2 - 6.
- Schmidt, Wilhelm, Handbuch der vergleichenden Religionsgeschichte, Aschendorfschen Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster, 1930
- Ziimon,Henryk,’’Wilhelm Schmidt’s Theory of Primitive Monotheism and its Critique within the Vienna School of Ethnology’’, Anhropos, 81, Freiburg, 1986
- Zimon Henryk,. Monoteizm pierwotny, Wilhelma Schmidta teoria i jej krytyka w wiedenskiej szkole etnologicznej, Lublin, 2001
Abstract
The actual duty of ethnology is to aproach the oldest religon and the begining of humanity as much as possible and to discover the origin of it says W.Schmidt. For this reason, he has apent most of his time and researches on getting to know the religons of those who lived a country and hunter-collecter life before the reading and writing period. He has always thought that the most primitive people are the oldest people.For theis reason,the resarch of the religon of the peoples and the solution of the start-point of the religon is very importent. There were some variations in the belives of those whom he had noticed as primitive hunter-collectors about one God. After a serious analyses, he has presented the one God belief of the primitives by putting the similar proporties together. The one God uunderstanding of him in the primitives contains the accepting of one God who gives the moral values. According to Schmidt, there is a kernel culture from which the world cultures develop and fertile. The origin of this kernel culture is Asia. In the primitive tribes, the supreme-being is characterised with four formation values positvely: 1. The supreme –being is endless, knows everything,owns the good, is a moral existence and is the controller of everything 2. He is an existence who with the people and educated them at the begining. 3. He is creater. 4. He wants the human-beings to have moral values. In the primitive societies that Schmidt has studied,the people have relations with the supreme-being in three ways: Pray,sacrifice and religous ceremonies. The study of W.Schmidt is built on ethnologic,mythologic and causative thinking and first message of God.
Keywords
Primitive monoteism hunter-collecter supreme-being causasative thinking the first message of God
References
- Haekel, Joseph, ‘’Prof.Dr. Wilhelm Schmidts Bedeutung für die Religionsgeschichte des vorkolumbischen Amerika’’, Saeculum, Münih, 1956, c.7
- Schmidt, Wilhelm, Ursprung der Gottesidee, AschendorfschenVarlagsbuchhandung, Münster, 1912, c.2 - 6.
- Schmidt, Wilhelm, Handbuch der vergleichenden Religionsgeschichte, Aschendorfschen Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster, 1930
- Ziimon,Henryk,’’Wilhelm Schmidt’s Theory of Primitive Monotheism and its Critique within the Vienna School of Ethnology’’, Anhropos, 81, Freiburg, 1986
- Zimon Henryk,. Monoteizm pierwotny, Wilhelma Schmidta teoria i jej krytyka w wiedenskiej szkole etnologicznej, Lublin, 2001
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | February 1, 2004 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2004 Issue: 11 |
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