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Sigara Bırakma Girişiminde Sigara KarşıtıKampanyanın Rolü

Year 2014, Issue: 31, 199 - 207, 01.02.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, sigara içen ve sigara bırakma girişiminde bulunarak Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren sigara bıraktırma polikliniğine başvuran kişilerin bu girişimlerinde T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığıtarafından yürütülen ‘Dumansız Hava Sahası’ kampanyasının kampanya kapsamındaki sigara karşıtıçeşitli reklamlar, kapalıalanlarda sigara içme yasağı, sigara bıraktırma polikliniklerinin çalışmalarıvb. rolü sorgulanmıştır. İnsan ve toplum sağlığıüzerinde önemli düzeyde olumsuz etkileri bulunan sigara içiciliğinin sonlandırılmasıdüşüncesinde hangi faktörlerin ne düzeyde etkili olduğunun bilinmesinin bu sorunun çözümüne katkısağlayacağıdüşüncesi bu çalışmanın hareket noktasınıoluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sigara bırakma girişiminde bulunan kişilerin bu girişimlerinde T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığıtarafından yürütülen Dumansız Hava Sahasıkampanyasının etkinliğini sorgulamak ve sigara bırakma girişiminde etkili olan faktörlerin neler olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın yöntemi kesitsel araştırma yöntemidir. Anket tekniğiyle verilerin toplandığıaraştırmada Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren sigara bıraktırma merkezine gelen hastaların 206 hasta sigara karşıtıkampanyayıhatırlama düzeyleri, sigara içme davranışına yönelik tutumlarıve sigara bırakma girişimlerinde rol oynayan kampanya faktörlerinin etkinliği sorgulanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara gore, Dumansız Hava Sahasıkampanyasının katılımcılar tarafından hatırlanma düzeyinin yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcılar, kampanyanın reklam mesajlarına en fazla hangi mecrada maruz kaldığısorulduğunda çoğunlukla televizyon mecrasında maruz kaldıklarınıbelirtmişlerdir. Katılımcıların sigara içme davranışına yönelik ifadelerinin olumsuz olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcılar, sigara içmenin sağlığa zararlıolduğunu düşünmekte ve sigara içme davranışlarında aile, arkadaşvb. çevresel faktörlerin etkili olduğunu belirtmektedir Çalışmada sigara bırakma girişiminde bulunarak Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Sigara Bıraktırma Polikliniği’ne başvuran hastaların sigara bırakma girişimlerinde iki faktörün etkili olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Bu faktörler: ‘’kampanya faktörü’’ ve ‘’çevre - sağlık faktörü’’dür. Katılımcıların sigara bırakma girişimlerinde en etkili faktör olduğu ortaya konulan kampanya faktörü reklamlar, televizyon programları, kapalıalanlarda sigara içme yasağıve sigara bıraktırma polikliniğinin çalışmalarıgibi bütünsel uygulamalarıiçermektedir.

References

  • Aaker, D. A., Batra, R. & Myers, J. G. (1992). Advertising Management. (4th ed.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
  • Altman D.G. et.al (1999). The Relationship Between Tobacco Access and Use Among Adolescents: A Four Community Study. Soc.Sci.Med., 48(6): 759-75.
  • Banerjee, S.C. & Greene, K. (2007). Antismoking Initiatives: Effects of Analysis Versus Production Media Literacy Interventions on Smoking-Related Attitude, Norm, and Behavioral Intention. Health Communication, 22(1), 37–48.
  • Barut Y. (1992). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sigara-Alkol-İlaç Alma ve Uyuşturucu Madde Kullanma Alışkanlığının Araştırılması. Sağlık Dergisi, 64: 11–16.
  • Biglan, A., Duncan, T.E. & Ary, D.V. (1995). Peer and Parental Influences on Adolescent Tobacco Use. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18: 315–330.
  • Bonaguro, J.A. & Bonaguro, E.W. (1987). Self-Concept, Stres Symptomatology and Tobacco Use. Journal of School Health, 57: 56–58.
  • Botvin, G.J., Baker, E. & Goldberg, C.J. (1992). Correlates and Predictors of Smoking Among Black Adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 17: 97–103.
  • Brennan, E., et.al. (2011). Mass Media Campaigns Designed to Support New Pictorial Health Warnings on Cigarette Packets: Evidence of A Complementary Relationship. Tobacco Control, 20:412-418.
  • Byrne, D.G., Byrne, A.E. & Reinhart, M.I. (1995). Personality, Stress and The Decision to Commence Cigarette Smoking in Adolescence. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 39: 53–62.
  • Choi W.S. et.al. (1997). Which Adolescent Experimenters Progress to Established Smoking in The United States. Am J Prev Med, 13(5): 385-91.
  • Davis, K.C. et.al. (2011). Exploring Differences in Smokers’ Perceptions of The Effectiveness of Cessation Media Messages. Tobacco Control, 20:26-33.
  • Gagne, L. (2008). The 2005 British Columbia Smoking Cessation Mass Media Campaign and Short- term Changes in Smokers Attitudes. Journal of Health Communication, 13:125–148.
  • Hodgetts G., Broers T. & Godwin M. (2004). Smoking Behaviour, Knowledge and Attitudes Among Family Medicine Physicians and Nurses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. BMC Fam Pract, 11(1):12.
  • Hughes P.H., et.al. (1991). Residendt Physician Substance Use in The United States. JAMA, 265: 2069- 78.
  • Hu T.W., Lin Z. & Keeler T.E. (1998). Teenage Smoking, Attempts to Quit, and School Performance. Am J Public Health, 88(6): 940-3.
  • Hurt R.D. et.al. (2000). Nicotine Patch Therapy in 101 Adolescent Smokers: Efficacy, Withdrawal Symptom Relief, and Carbon Monoxide and Plasma Cotinine Levels. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 154(1): 31- 7.
  • Krishnan, H. S. & Chakravarti, D. (1999), Memory Measures for Pretesting Advertisements: An Integrative Conceptual Framework and a Diagnostic Template, Journal of Consumer Psychology 8 (1): 1-37.
  • Küresel Yetişkin Tütün Araştırması, Türkiye Raporu (2010). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, ISBN: 978-975-590-332-3. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın no: 803, Ankara, ss.10-81.
  • Leigh, J. H., Zinkhan, G. M. & Swaminathan, V. (2006). Dimensional Relationships of Recall and Recognition Measures with Selected Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Print Ads. Journal of Advertising, Spring, 35 (1): 105-122.
  • Maassen, I.T. H. M. et.al. (2004). Smoking Initiation Among Gambian Adolescents: Social Cognitive Influences and The Effect of Cigarette Sampling, Health Educatıon Research, Vol.19 (5): 558.
  • Mates, D. & Gordon, J, R. (1992). Sources of Stress and Coping Responses of High School Students. Adolescence, 27: 461–474.
  • Melani A.S. et.al. (2000). Tobacco Smoking Habits, Attitudes and Beliefs Among Nurse and Medical Students in Tuscany. Eur J Epidemiol, (7): 607-11.
  • Myers M.G. (1999). Smoking Intervention with Adolescent Substance Abusers. Initial Recommendations. J. Subst. Abuse Treat, 16(4): 289-98.
  • Pery C.L. (1999). The Tobacco Industry and Underage Youth Smoking: Tobacco Industry Documents From The Minnesota Litigation. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 153: 935-41.
  • Peto R., et.al. (1994). Mortality From Smoking in Developed Countries. Oxford Medical Publications, pp.1950-2000.
  • Rajamaki H. et.al. (2002). A Qualitative Study of The Difficulties of Smoking Cessation; Health Care Professionals' and Smokers' Points of View. Pharm World Sci., 24(6): 240-6.
  • Schultz A.S. (2003). Nursing and Tobacco Reduction: A Review of The Literature. Int J. Nurs. Stud., 40(6): 571-86.
  • Tezcan S, Yardım N. (2003). Türkiyede Çeşitli Sağlık Kurumlarında Doktor, Hemşire ve Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Sigara İçme Boyutu. Tuberk Toraks, 51(4): 390-7.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Smoking and Health in The Americas (1992). Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, DHSS publication no (CDC). Atlanta, Georgia, (19): 84-92.
  • WHO (2008). Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic. MPOWER. http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/gtcr_download/en/index.html. Date of Access: June, 2013.
  • www.havanikoru.org.tr (2013). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Dumansız Hava Sahası Kampanyası Resmi Web Sitesi, Eylül.

The Role of Anti-Smoking Campaign In Attempting To Quit Smoking

Year 2014, Issue: 31, 199 - 207, 01.02.2014

Abstract

In the study, the role of the “Smoke-free Air Space” campaign advertisements, hotlines, the ban on smoking in enclosed spaces, polyclinics for quitting smoking, etc. conducted by the Ministry of Health in quitting smoking was questions. In the idea of terminating cigarette smoking, which has significant adverse effects on individual and social health, knowing which factors are effective to what extent will contribute to solving this problem. The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors effective in the attempt to quit smoking and to question the effectiveness of the Smoke-free Air Space Campaign, conducted by the Ministry of Health, on these attempts made by the patients to quit smoking. The method used in the study is cross-sectional research; in the study in which the data were collected through survey method, the exposure of the patients 206 patients that visited the centers of having cigarette smoking quit, which operate within Family Medicine of Medical Faculty Hospital at the Selcuk University, to the campaign against smoking, their level of recollection, their attitudes, and the role of campaign factors in their attempts to quit smoking were questioned. The rate of the participants that recalled the Smoke-free Air Space Campaign was high. They were exposed to the campaign ads most through television. The participants expressed their negative feelings about smoking when asked what they thought about smoking. They said that smoking is dangerous for health and stated that some external factors such as family, friends etc. are effective in smoking. Two factors were found to have been effective in the attempts to quit smoking; these are “the campaign factor” and “the environment-health factor”. The campaign factor, which was found to have been the more effective one, covers such factors as ads, TV programs, the prohibition of smoking in enclosed spaces, the efforts in cigarette-quitting clinics as a whole

References

  • Aaker, D. A., Batra, R. & Myers, J. G. (1992). Advertising Management. (4th ed.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
  • Altman D.G. et.al (1999). The Relationship Between Tobacco Access and Use Among Adolescents: A Four Community Study. Soc.Sci.Med., 48(6): 759-75.
  • Banerjee, S.C. & Greene, K. (2007). Antismoking Initiatives: Effects of Analysis Versus Production Media Literacy Interventions on Smoking-Related Attitude, Norm, and Behavioral Intention. Health Communication, 22(1), 37–48.
  • Barut Y. (1992). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sigara-Alkol-İlaç Alma ve Uyuşturucu Madde Kullanma Alışkanlığının Araştırılması. Sağlık Dergisi, 64: 11–16.
  • Biglan, A., Duncan, T.E. & Ary, D.V. (1995). Peer and Parental Influences on Adolescent Tobacco Use. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18: 315–330.
  • Bonaguro, J.A. & Bonaguro, E.W. (1987). Self-Concept, Stres Symptomatology and Tobacco Use. Journal of School Health, 57: 56–58.
  • Botvin, G.J., Baker, E. & Goldberg, C.J. (1992). Correlates and Predictors of Smoking Among Black Adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 17: 97–103.
  • Brennan, E., et.al. (2011). Mass Media Campaigns Designed to Support New Pictorial Health Warnings on Cigarette Packets: Evidence of A Complementary Relationship. Tobacco Control, 20:412-418.
  • Byrne, D.G., Byrne, A.E. & Reinhart, M.I. (1995). Personality, Stress and The Decision to Commence Cigarette Smoking in Adolescence. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 39: 53–62.
  • Choi W.S. et.al. (1997). Which Adolescent Experimenters Progress to Established Smoking in The United States. Am J Prev Med, 13(5): 385-91.
  • Davis, K.C. et.al. (2011). Exploring Differences in Smokers’ Perceptions of The Effectiveness of Cessation Media Messages. Tobacco Control, 20:26-33.
  • Gagne, L. (2008). The 2005 British Columbia Smoking Cessation Mass Media Campaign and Short- term Changes in Smokers Attitudes. Journal of Health Communication, 13:125–148.
  • Hodgetts G., Broers T. & Godwin M. (2004). Smoking Behaviour, Knowledge and Attitudes Among Family Medicine Physicians and Nurses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. BMC Fam Pract, 11(1):12.
  • Hughes P.H., et.al. (1991). Residendt Physician Substance Use in The United States. JAMA, 265: 2069- 78.
  • Hu T.W., Lin Z. & Keeler T.E. (1998). Teenage Smoking, Attempts to Quit, and School Performance. Am J Public Health, 88(6): 940-3.
  • Hurt R.D. et.al. (2000). Nicotine Patch Therapy in 101 Adolescent Smokers: Efficacy, Withdrawal Symptom Relief, and Carbon Monoxide and Plasma Cotinine Levels. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 154(1): 31- 7.
  • Krishnan, H. S. & Chakravarti, D. (1999), Memory Measures for Pretesting Advertisements: An Integrative Conceptual Framework and a Diagnostic Template, Journal of Consumer Psychology 8 (1): 1-37.
  • Küresel Yetişkin Tütün Araştırması, Türkiye Raporu (2010). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, ISBN: 978-975-590-332-3. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın no: 803, Ankara, ss.10-81.
  • Leigh, J. H., Zinkhan, G. M. & Swaminathan, V. (2006). Dimensional Relationships of Recall and Recognition Measures with Selected Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Print Ads. Journal of Advertising, Spring, 35 (1): 105-122.
  • Maassen, I.T. H. M. et.al. (2004). Smoking Initiation Among Gambian Adolescents: Social Cognitive Influences and The Effect of Cigarette Sampling, Health Educatıon Research, Vol.19 (5): 558.
  • Mates, D. & Gordon, J, R. (1992). Sources of Stress and Coping Responses of High School Students. Adolescence, 27: 461–474.
  • Melani A.S. et.al. (2000). Tobacco Smoking Habits, Attitudes and Beliefs Among Nurse and Medical Students in Tuscany. Eur J Epidemiol, (7): 607-11.
  • Myers M.G. (1999). Smoking Intervention with Adolescent Substance Abusers. Initial Recommendations. J. Subst. Abuse Treat, 16(4): 289-98.
  • Pery C.L. (1999). The Tobacco Industry and Underage Youth Smoking: Tobacco Industry Documents From The Minnesota Litigation. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 153: 935-41.
  • Peto R., et.al. (1994). Mortality From Smoking in Developed Countries. Oxford Medical Publications, pp.1950-2000.
  • Rajamaki H. et.al. (2002). A Qualitative Study of The Difficulties of Smoking Cessation; Health Care Professionals' and Smokers' Points of View. Pharm World Sci., 24(6): 240-6.
  • Schultz A.S. (2003). Nursing and Tobacco Reduction: A Review of The Literature. Int J. Nurs. Stud., 40(6): 571-86.
  • Tezcan S, Yardım N. (2003). Türkiyede Çeşitli Sağlık Kurumlarında Doktor, Hemşire ve Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Sigara İçme Boyutu. Tuberk Toraks, 51(4): 390-7.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Smoking and Health in The Americas (1992). Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, DHSS publication no (CDC). Atlanta, Georgia, (19): 84-92.
  • WHO (2008). Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic. MPOWER. http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/gtcr_download/en/index.html. Date of Access: June, 2013.
  • www.havanikoru.org.tr (2013). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Dumansız Hava Sahası Kampanyası Resmi Web Sitesi, Eylül.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Duygu Aydın This is me

Kamile Marakoğlu This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 31

Cite

APA Aydın, D., & Marakoğlu, K. (2014). The Role of Anti-Smoking Campaign In Attempting To Quit Smoking. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(31), 199-207.

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