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PAZARLAMA İLETİŞİMİNDE KULLANILAN KITLIK TAKTİKLERİNİN TÜKETİCİLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 35, 1 - 19, 30.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.30976/susead.365211

Abstract

Kıtlık
olgusu, bireysel ve toplumsal davranışları açıklamada kullanılan önemli
kavramlardan bir tanesidir. Pazarlama alanında tüketici özellikleri ve durumsal
faktörler açısından kıtlık taktiklerinin etkililiğine yönelik birçok çalışma
yapılmıştır. Mevcut çalışmalarda genellikle kıtlık taktiklerinin satın alma
niyeti üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiş, ancak bu taktiklerin tüketicilerin
fiili satın alma davranışını nasıl etkilediğine ilişkin yeterli çalışma
yapılmamıştır. Bu araştırmada, tüketicilerin satın alma davranışının değişik
kıtlık taktiklerinden nasıl etkilendiği ve bu etkileşimin katılımcıların biliş
ihtiyacı düzeyine göre nasıl değiştiği incelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede bir deneysel
tasarım hazırlanmış ve 360 kişilik bir örneklem rastgele üç ayrı gruba
bölünerek (kıtlık mesajı yok, miktar kıtlığı, zaman kıtlığı), her bir gruptaki
katılımcılar farklı kıtlık mesajlarına maruz bırakılmıştır. Her bir gruptaki
katılımcıların maruz kaldıkları kıtlık mesajlarına bağlı olarak satın alma
niyetlerinin ve satın alma davranışlarının nasıl etkilendiği analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma bulgularına göre, miktar veya zaman kıtlığı mesajı içeren reklama
maruz kalan katılımcıların bu tür bir mesaja maruz kalmayanlara göre daha fazla
ürün satın aldığı görülmüştür. Buna ilaveten, miktar kıtlığı içeren mesajın,
zaman kıtlığı içeren mesaja göre satın alma davranışı üzerinde daha etkili
sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir. Son olarak miktar kıtlığı taktiklerinin biliş
ihtiyacı yüksek olan kişilerde daha etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu
bulgular ışığında gerek araştırmacılara gerekse pazarlama yöneticilerine
yönelik çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kıtlık Taktikleri, Zaman kıtlığı, Miktar
kıtlığı, Satın alma davranışı, Pazarlama iletişimi.





Jel Sınıflandırması: M30,
M31, M37



References

  • Abendroth, L. J., & Diehl, K. (2006). Now or Never: Effects of Limited Purchase Opportunities on Patterns of Regret over Time. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 33 (Aralık), 342-350.
  • Aggarwal, Praveen, Sung Youl Jun, and Jong Ho Huh (2011). Scarcity Messages: A Consumer Competition Perspective. Journal of Advertising, 40 (3), 19–30.
  • Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1970). The prediction of behavior from attitudinal and normative variables. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 466- 487.
  • Bae, Y. & Lee, S. (2005). The Effect of Scarcity Message on Consumer’s Purchase Intention in the Internet Shopping Mall. Asia Pacific Advances in Consumer Research, 6, 252-258.
  • Brehm, Jack W. and J. Sensenig (1966). Social Influence as a Function of Attempted and Implied Usurpation of Choice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 703-707.
  • Bozzolo, Anita M. and Timothy C. Brock (1992). Unavailability Effects on Message Processing: A Theoretical Analysis and an Empirical Test. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 13 (1), 93-101.
  • Brock, Timothy C., (1968). Implications of Commodity Theory for Value Change. New York: Academic Press.
  • Cacioppo, John T. & Petty, Richard E. (1982). The Need for Cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 116–131.
  • Cacioppo, John T., Petty, Richard, E., Chuan, Feng, Kao. (1984). The Efficient Assessment Of Need For Cognition. Journal Of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 306-307.
  • Cacioppo, John T., Petty, R., E., Kao, C, &, Rodriguez, R. (1986). Central and Peripheral Routes To Persuasion: An Individual Difference Perspective. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1032-1043.
  • Caminal, R., & Vives, X. (1996). Why Market Shares Matter: An Information-Based Theory. Journal of Economics, 27 (2), 221–239.
  • Cialdini, R. B. (1985), Influence: Science and Practice (1. Baskı). Scott, Foresman and Company.
  • Cialdini, Robert B. (2008). Influence: Science and Practice. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Cohen, A.R., Stotland, E., & Wolfe, D.M., (1955). An Experimental Investigation of Need for Cognition. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51(2), 291–294.
  • Crawford, Matthew T., Allen R. McConnell, Amy C. Lewis, and Steven J. Sherman (2002). Reactance, Compliance, and Anticipated Regret. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 56-63.
  • Ditto, Peter H. and John B. Jemmott III (1989). From Rarity to Evaluative Extremity: Effects of Prevalence Information on Evaluations of Positive and Negative Characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57 (1), 16-26.
  • Dodds, W. B., Monroe, K. B., Grewal, D. (1991). Effects of Price, Brand, and Store Information on Buyers' Product Evaluations. American Marketing Association, 28(3), 307-319
  • Eisend, Martin (2008). Explaining the Impact of Scarcity Appeals in Advertising: The Mediating Role of Perceptions of Susceptibility. Journal of Advertising, 37 (3), 33–40.
  • Grossman, Herschel I. and Juan Mendoza (2003). Scarcity and Appropriative Competition. European Journal of Political Economy, 19 (4), 747-58.
  • Gülgöz, Sami, Cyril J. Sadowski (1995). Düşünme İhtiyacı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması ve Öğrenci Başarısı Göstergeleri İle Korelasyonu. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt10, Sayı 35, 15-24
  • Hardesty, D. M., Bearden, W. O., ve Carlson, J. P. (2007). Persuasion Knowledge and Consumer Reactions to Pricing Tactics. Journal of Retailing, 83 (2), 199-210.
  • Haugtvedt, C. P., Petty, R. E., Cacioppo J. T., (1992). Need for Cognition and Advertising: Understanding the Role of Personality Variables in Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 1(3), 239-260
  • Inman, J. J., Peter, A. C., & Raghubir P. (1997). Framing the Deal: The Role of Restrictions in Accentuating Deal Value. Journal of Consumer Research, 24 (June), 68-79.
  • Jung, J. M., & Kellaris, J. J. (2004). Cross-National Differences in Proneness to Scarcity Effects: The moderating Roles of Familiarity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Need for Cognitive Closure. Psychology & Marketing, 21 (9), 739–753.
  • Lee, S. Y., Oh, S., Jung, S. (2014). The Effects Of Scarcıty Appeal On Product Evaluatıon: Consumers’ Cognıtıve Resources And Company Reputatıon, Social Behaviour and Personality, 42(5), 743-756
  • Lynn, M. (1991). Scarcity Effects on Value: A Quantitative Review of the Commodity Theory Literature. Psychology and Marketing, 8, 43–57.
  • Lynn, M. (1989). Scarcity Effects on Value: Mediated by Assumed Expensiveness?. Journal of Economic Psychology, 10, 257-274.
  • Markus, Hazel Rose and B. Schwartz (2010). Does Choice Mean Freedom and Well Being?. Journal of Consumer Research, 37 (August), 344-52.
  • Oses-Eraso, Nuria, Federic udina, and Montserrat Vilarich-Grau (2008). Environmental versus Human-Induced Scarcity in the Commons: Do they Trigger the Same Response?. Environmental and Resource Economics, 40 (4), 529-550.
  • Parker, Jeffrey R. and Donald R. Lehmann (2011). When Shelf-Based Scarcity Impacts Consumer Preferences. Journal of Retailing, 87 (2), 142–55.
  • Roux, Caroline (2014). On the Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Resource Scarcity. Doctoral Thesis, Evanstone, Illianos, June 2014.
  • Roux, C., Goldsmith K., Bonezzi A. (2015). On the Psychology of Scarcity: When Reminders of Resource Scarcity Promote Selfish (and Generous) Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 42(September), 615-631.
  • Snyder, C. R. and Howard L. Fromkin (1977). Abnormality as a Positive Characteristic: The Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Need for Uniqueness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 518-27.
  • Suri R., ve Monroe, K. B. (2003). The Effects of Time Constraints on Consumers’Judgments of Price and Products. Journal of Consumer Research, 30 (June), 92-104.
  • Suri, Rajneesh, Chiranjeev Kohli, and Kent B. Monroe (2007). The Effects of Perceived Scarcity on Consumers’ Processing of Price Information. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35 (1), 89–100.
  • Swain, Scott D., Richard Hanna, and Lisa J. Abendroth (2006). How Time Restrictions Work: The Roles of Urgency, Anticipated Regret, and Deal Evaluations. Advances in Consumer Research, 33, 523-25.
  • Verhallen, Theo M. (1982). Scarcity and Consumer Choice Behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 2 (2), 299–321.
  • Verhallen, Theo M. and H. S. J. Robben (1994). Scarcity and Preference: An Experiment on Unavailability and Product Evaluation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 15, 315-31.
  • Weiksner, G. M., Fogg, B. J., Liu, X. (2008). Six Patterns for Persuasion in Online Social Network. Persuasive Technology Third International Conference PERSUASIVE 2008, Finland.
  • Worchel, S. and Jack W. Brehm (1971). Direct and Implied Social Restoration of Freedom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18 (3), 294-304.
Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 35, 1 - 19, 30.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.30976/susead.365211

Abstract

References

  • Abendroth, L. J., & Diehl, K. (2006). Now or Never: Effects of Limited Purchase Opportunities on Patterns of Regret over Time. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 33 (Aralık), 342-350.
  • Aggarwal, Praveen, Sung Youl Jun, and Jong Ho Huh (2011). Scarcity Messages: A Consumer Competition Perspective. Journal of Advertising, 40 (3), 19–30.
  • Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1970). The prediction of behavior from attitudinal and normative variables. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 466- 487.
  • Bae, Y. & Lee, S. (2005). The Effect of Scarcity Message on Consumer’s Purchase Intention in the Internet Shopping Mall. Asia Pacific Advances in Consumer Research, 6, 252-258.
  • Brehm, Jack W. and J. Sensenig (1966). Social Influence as a Function of Attempted and Implied Usurpation of Choice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 703-707.
  • Bozzolo, Anita M. and Timothy C. Brock (1992). Unavailability Effects on Message Processing: A Theoretical Analysis and an Empirical Test. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 13 (1), 93-101.
  • Brock, Timothy C., (1968). Implications of Commodity Theory for Value Change. New York: Academic Press.
  • Cacioppo, John T. & Petty, Richard E. (1982). The Need for Cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 116–131.
  • Cacioppo, John T., Petty, Richard, E., Chuan, Feng, Kao. (1984). The Efficient Assessment Of Need For Cognition. Journal Of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 306-307.
  • Cacioppo, John T., Petty, R., E., Kao, C, &, Rodriguez, R. (1986). Central and Peripheral Routes To Persuasion: An Individual Difference Perspective. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1032-1043.
  • Caminal, R., & Vives, X. (1996). Why Market Shares Matter: An Information-Based Theory. Journal of Economics, 27 (2), 221–239.
  • Cialdini, R. B. (1985), Influence: Science and Practice (1. Baskı). Scott, Foresman and Company.
  • Cialdini, Robert B. (2008). Influence: Science and Practice. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Cohen, A.R., Stotland, E., & Wolfe, D.M., (1955). An Experimental Investigation of Need for Cognition. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51(2), 291–294.
  • Crawford, Matthew T., Allen R. McConnell, Amy C. Lewis, and Steven J. Sherman (2002). Reactance, Compliance, and Anticipated Regret. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 56-63.
  • Ditto, Peter H. and John B. Jemmott III (1989). From Rarity to Evaluative Extremity: Effects of Prevalence Information on Evaluations of Positive and Negative Characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57 (1), 16-26.
  • Dodds, W. B., Monroe, K. B., Grewal, D. (1991). Effects of Price, Brand, and Store Information on Buyers' Product Evaluations. American Marketing Association, 28(3), 307-319
  • Eisend, Martin (2008). Explaining the Impact of Scarcity Appeals in Advertising: The Mediating Role of Perceptions of Susceptibility. Journal of Advertising, 37 (3), 33–40.
  • Grossman, Herschel I. and Juan Mendoza (2003). Scarcity and Appropriative Competition. European Journal of Political Economy, 19 (4), 747-58.
  • Gülgöz, Sami, Cyril J. Sadowski (1995). Düşünme İhtiyacı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması ve Öğrenci Başarısı Göstergeleri İle Korelasyonu. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt10, Sayı 35, 15-24
  • Hardesty, D. M., Bearden, W. O., ve Carlson, J. P. (2007). Persuasion Knowledge and Consumer Reactions to Pricing Tactics. Journal of Retailing, 83 (2), 199-210.
  • Haugtvedt, C. P., Petty, R. E., Cacioppo J. T., (1992). Need for Cognition and Advertising: Understanding the Role of Personality Variables in Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 1(3), 239-260
  • Inman, J. J., Peter, A. C., & Raghubir P. (1997). Framing the Deal: The Role of Restrictions in Accentuating Deal Value. Journal of Consumer Research, 24 (June), 68-79.
  • Jung, J. M., & Kellaris, J. J. (2004). Cross-National Differences in Proneness to Scarcity Effects: The moderating Roles of Familiarity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Need for Cognitive Closure. Psychology & Marketing, 21 (9), 739–753.
  • Lee, S. Y., Oh, S., Jung, S. (2014). The Effects Of Scarcıty Appeal On Product Evaluatıon: Consumers’ Cognıtıve Resources And Company Reputatıon, Social Behaviour and Personality, 42(5), 743-756
  • Lynn, M. (1991). Scarcity Effects on Value: A Quantitative Review of the Commodity Theory Literature. Psychology and Marketing, 8, 43–57.
  • Lynn, M. (1989). Scarcity Effects on Value: Mediated by Assumed Expensiveness?. Journal of Economic Psychology, 10, 257-274.
  • Markus, Hazel Rose and B. Schwartz (2010). Does Choice Mean Freedom and Well Being?. Journal of Consumer Research, 37 (August), 344-52.
  • Oses-Eraso, Nuria, Federic udina, and Montserrat Vilarich-Grau (2008). Environmental versus Human-Induced Scarcity in the Commons: Do they Trigger the Same Response?. Environmental and Resource Economics, 40 (4), 529-550.
  • Parker, Jeffrey R. and Donald R. Lehmann (2011). When Shelf-Based Scarcity Impacts Consumer Preferences. Journal of Retailing, 87 (2), 142–55.
  • Roux, Caroline (2014). On the Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Resource Scarcity. Doctoral Thesis, Evanstone, Illianos, June 2014.
  • Roux, C., Goldsmith K., Bonezzi A. (2015). On the Psychology of Scarcity: When Reminders of Resource Scarcity Promote Selfish (and Generous) Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 42(September), 615-631.
  • Snyder, C. R. and Howard L. Fromkin (1977). Abnormality as a Positive Characteristic: The Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Need for Uniqueness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 518-27.
  • Suri R., ve Monroe, K. B. (2003). The Effects of Time Constraints on Consumers’Judgments of Price and Products. Journal of Consumer Research, 30 (June), 92-104.
  • Suri, Rajneesh, Chiranjeev Kohli, and Kent B. Monroe (2007). The Effects of Perceived Scarcity on Consumers’ Processing of Price Information. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35 (1), 89–100.
  • Swain, Scott D., Richard Hanna, and Lisa J. Abendroth (2006). How Time Restrictions Work: The Roles of Urgency, Anticipated Regret, and Deal Evaluations. Advances in Consumer Research, 33, 523-25.
  • Verhallen, Theo M. (1982). Scarcity and Consumer Choice Behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 2 (2), 299–321.
  • Verhallen, Theo M. and H. S. J. Robben (1994). Scarcity and Preference: An Experiment on Unavailability and Product Evaluation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 15, 315-31.
  • Weiksner, G. M., Fogg, B. J., Liu, X. (2008). Six Patterns for Persuasion in Online Social Network. Persuasive Technology Third International Conference PERSUASIVE 2008, Finland.
  • Worchel, S. and Jack W. Brehm (1971). Direct and Implied Social Restoration of Freedom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18 (3), 294-304.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İbrahim Ayvaz

Ümit Alnıaçık

Publication Date April 30, 2018
Submission Date December 13, 2017
Acceptance Date February 20, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 18 Issue: 35

Cite

APA Ayvaz, İ., & Alnıaçık, Ü. (2018). PAZARLAMA İLETİŞİMİNDE KULLANILAN KITLIK TAKTİKLERİNİN TÜKETİCİLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ. Sosyal Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 18(35), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.30976/susead.365211

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