Research Article
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MEASURING FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVISM THROUGH INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS: REGIONAL ORIENTATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 62 - 79, 14.06.2022

Emre Taşkıran

Abstract

Türkiye'deki dış politika aktivizmiyle ilgili mevcut açıklamalar iki önemli bulgu ortaya çıkardı. Buna göre, Türkiye'nin dış politika aktivizmi yirmi yılda önemli bir ölçüde arttı ve bölgesel yönelim ciddi bir ölçüde Batılılaşmadan Doğululaşmaya geçti. Bu argümanları test etmek için bu çalışma iki önemli araştırma sorusunu yanıtlamayı amaçlamaktadır: (1) Hükümetin dış politika aktivizmi yirmi yılda ne ölçüde değişti? (2) Hükümet, Ekim 2002 ile Ocak 2022 arasında uluslararası ilişkilerde hangi politika alanlarına öncelik verdi? Bu araştırma için özgün bir veri seti oluşturulmuş ve daha sonra Python aracılığıyla içerik kodlama tekniği ile kodlanmıştır. Karşılaştırmalı Gündemler Projesi (CAP) ortak kodlama şeması kullanılarak, 1270 uluslararası anlaşma, 21 ana politika alanına atanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, hükümetin dış politika aktivizmindeki bölgesel yöneliminin ikinci yasama döneminden sonra önemli bir ölçüde değiştiğini doğrulamaktadır. Sonuçlar ayrıca şaşırtıcı bir şekilde bu yıllar arasında politika alanları arasında önemli kaymalar olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Foreign Policy International Agreements Comparative Agendas Project Turkey Justice and Development Party

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

Editoryal süreçlerde emeği olan bütün hocalarıma teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Altunişik, M. B., & Martin, L. G. (2011). Making sense of Turkish foreign policy in the Middle East under AKP. Turkish Studies, 12(4), 569–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.622513
  • Aydın Çakır, A., & Arıkan Akdağ, G. (2017). An empirical analysis of the change in Turkish foreign policy under the AKP government. Turkish Studies, 18(2), 334–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2016.1261021
  • Baumgartner, F., & Jones, B. (1993). 3. Agenda dynamics and instability in American politics. In University of Chicago Press (Vol. 53, p. 331).
  • Bevan, S. (2014). Gone Fishing: The Creation of the Comparative Agendas Project Master Codebook.
  • Bilgin, P., & Bilgiç, A. (2011). Turkey’s “new” foreign policy toward Eurasia. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52(2), 173–195. https://doi.org/10.2747/1539-7216.52.2.173
  • Bulut, A. T. (2017). Measuring political agenda setting and representation in Turkey: Introducing a new approach and data set. Party Politics, 23(6), 717–730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068815625232
  • Bulut, A. T., & Yildirim, T. M. (2020). Political Stability, Democracy and Agenda Dynamics in Turkey. In Political Stability, Democracy and Agenda Dynamics in Turkey. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27458-0
  • Gumuscu, S., & Sert, D. (2009). The power of the devout bourgeoisie: The case of the justice and development party in Turkey. Middle Eastern Studies, 45(6), 953–968. https://doi.org/10.1080/00263200903268710
  • Hale, W., & Ozbudun, E. (2009). Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey. In Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873359
  • Haugom, L. (2019). Turkish Foreign Policy Under Erdogan: A change in International Orientation? Comparative Strategy, 38(3), 206–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2019.1606662
  • Heper, M. (2003). Islam, modernity, and democracy in contemporary Turkey: The case of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The Muslim World, 93, 157–185.
  • Hermann, C. F. (2009). Changing Course : When Governments Choose to Redirect Foreign Policy Author ( s ): Charles F . Hermann Source : International Studies Quarterly , Vol . 34 , No . 1 ( Mar ., 1990 ), pp . 3-21 Published by : Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Internation. International Studies Quarterly, 34(1), 3–21.
  • Işeri, E., & Dilek, O. (2011). The limitations of turkey’s new foreign policy activism in the caucasian regional security complexity. Turkish Studies, 12(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.563502
  • Jones, B. D., & Baumgartner, F. R. (2004). Representation and agenda setting. Policy Studies Journal, 32(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0190-292X.2004.00050.x
  • Kara, M., & Sözen, A. (2016). Change and continuity in Turkish foreign policy: Evaluating Pre-AKP and AKP periods’ national role conceptions. Uluslararasi Iliskiler, 13(52), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.463083
  • Keyman, E. F. (2009). Turkish Foreign Policy in the Era of Global Turmoil. SETA Policy Brief, 1–16.
  • Kirişci, K. (2011). Turkey’s “Demonstrative Effect” and the Transformation of the Middle East. Insight Turkey, 13(2), 33–55.
  • Kirisci, K., & Kaptanoglu, N. (2011). The politics of trade and Turkish foreign policy. Middle Eastern Studies, 47(5), 705–724. https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2011.613226
  • Oğuzlu, T. (2008). Middle Easternization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: Does Turkey Dissociate from the West? Turkish Studies, 9(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840701813960
  • Onis, Z. (1999). Turkey, Europe, and Paradoxes of identity: Perspectives on the international context of democratization. Mediterranean Quarterly, 10(3), 107–136.
  • Öniş, Z., & Yilmaz, Ş. (2009). Between europeanization and euro-asianism: Foreign policy activism in Turkey during the AKP era. Turkish Studies, 10(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840802648562
  • Özbudun, E. (2007). Democratization Reforms in Turkey ,. 3849(May), 1993–2004. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840701312195
  • Özpek, B. B., & Demiraǧ, Y. (2014). Turkish foreign policy after the “Arab Spring”: From agenda-setter state to agenda-entrepreneur state. Israel Affairs, 20(3), 328–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2014.922806
  • Özpek, B. B., & Tanriverdi Yaşar, N. (2018). Populism and foreign policy in Turkey under the AKP rule. Turkish Studies, 19(2), 198–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2017.1400912
  • Sayari, S. (2000). Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: The challenges of multi regionalism. Journal of International Affairs, 54(1), 169–182.
  • Sözen, A. (2010). A paradigm shift in turkish foreign policy: Transition and challenges. Turkish Studies, 11(1), 103–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683841003747062
  • Taş, H. (2020). The formulation and implementation of populist foreign policy: Turkey in the Eastern Mediterranean. Mediterranean Politics, 25(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2020.1833160
  • Taşpinar, Ö. (2011). The Three Strategic Visions of Turkey. US-Europe Analysis Series, 50, 1–5. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2011/3/08 turkey taspinar/0308_turkey_taspinar.pdf
  • Tur, O. (2011). Economic relations with the Middle East under the AKP-trade, business community and reintegration with neighboring zones. Turkish Studies, 12(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.622515
  • Yavuz, M. H. (2016). Social and Intellectual Origins of Neo-Ottomanism: Searching for a Post-National Vision. Welt Des Islams, 56(3–4), 438–465. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-05634p08
  • Yildirim, T. M., Bulut, A. T., & Ilter, E. (2020). Agenda dynamics and policy priorities in military regimes. International Political Science Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120923068
  • Yorulmazlar, E., & Turhan, E. (2015). Turkish foreign policy towards the arab spring: Between western orientation and regional disorder. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 17(3), 337–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2015.1063805

MEASURING FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVISM THROUGH INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS: REGIONAL ORIENTATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 62 - 79, 14.06.2022

Emre Taşkıran

Abstract

Existing explanations about foreign policy activism in Turkey have revealed two significant findings. Accordingly, the foreign policy activism of Turkey has enormously increased in two decades, and the regional orientation has firmly switched from Westernization to Easternization. To test these arguments, this study aims to answer two important research questions: (1) To what extent the foreign policy activism of the government has changed in two decades? (2) Which policy domains have been prioritized by the government in international affairs between October 2002 and January 2022? For this investigation, a novel data set is constituted and then coded by the content-coding technique through Python. Employing the Comparative Agendas Project (CAP) common coding scheme, the 1270 international agreements are assigned to 21 major policy domains. Research results confirm that the regional orientation of government in foreign policy activism has firmly changed after second legislative tenure. Results also surprisingly posit significant shifts across policy domains between these years.

Keywords

Foreign Policy International Agreements Comparative Agendas Project Turkey Justice and Development Party

Project Number

-

References

  • Altunişik, M. B., & Martin, L. G. (2011). Making sense of Turkish foreign policy in the Middle East under AKP. Turkish Studies, 12(4), 569–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.622513
  • Aydın Çakır, A., & Arıkan Akdağ, G. (2017). An empirical analysis of the change in Turkish foreign policy under the AKP government. Turkish Studies, 18(2), 334–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2016.1261021
  • Baumgartner, F., & Jones, B. (1993). 3. Agenda dynamics and instability in American politics. In University of Chicago Press (Vol. 53, p. 331).
  • Bevan, S. (2014). Gone Fishing: The Creation of the Comparative Agendas Project Master Codebook.
  • Bilgin, P., & Bilgiç, A. (2011). Turkey’s “new” foreign policy toward Eurasia. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52(2), 173–195. https://doi.org/10.2747/1539-7216.52.2.173
  • Bulut, A. T. (2017). Measuring political agenda setting and representation in Turkey: Introducing a new approach and data set. Party Politics, 23(6), 717–730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068815625232
  • Bulut, A. T., & Yildirim, T. M. (2020). Political Stability, Democracy and Agenda Dynamics in Turkey. In Political Stability, Democracy and Agenda Dynamics in Turkey. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27458-0
  • Gumuscu, S., & Sert, D. (2009). The power of the devout bourgeoisie: The case of the justice and development party in Turkey. Middle Eastern Studies, 45(6), 953–968. https://doi.org/10.1080/00263200903268710
  • Hale, W., & Ozbudun, E. (2009). Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey. In Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873359
  • Haugom, L. (2019). Turkish Foreign Policy Under Erdogan: A change in International Orientation? Comparative Strategy, 38(3), 206–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2019.1606662
  • Heper, M. (2003). Islam, modernity, and democracy in contemporary Turkey: The case of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The Muslim World, 93, 157–185.
  • Hermann, C. F. (2009). Changing Course : When Governments Choose to Redirect Foreign Policy Author ( s ): Charles F . Hermann Source : International Studies Quarterly , Vol . 34 , No . 1 ( Mar ., 1990 ), pp . 3-21 Published by : Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Internation. International Studies Quarterly, 34(1), 3–21.
  • Işeri, E., & Dilek, O. (2011). The limitations of turkey’s new foreign policy activism in the caucasian regional security complexity. Turkish Studies, 12(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.563502
  • Jones, B. D., & Baumgartner, F. R. (2004). Representation and agenda setting. Policy Studies Journal, 32(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0190-292X.2004.00050.x
  • Kara, M., & Sözen, A. (2016). Change and continuity in Turkish foreign policy: Evaluating Pre-AKP and AKP periods’ national role conceptions. Uluslararasi Iliskiler, 13(52), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.463083
  • Keyman, E. F. (2009). Turkish Foreign Policy in the Era of Global Turmoil. SETA Policy Brief, 1–16.
  • Kirişci, K. (2011). Turkey’s “Demonstrative Effect” and the Transformation of the Middle East. Insight Turkey, 13(2), 33–55.
  • Kirisci, K., & Kaptanoglu, N. (2011). The politics of trade and Turkish foreign policy. Middle Eastern Studies, 47(5), 705–724. https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2011.613226
  • Oğuzlu, T. (2008). Middle Easternization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: Does Turkey Dissociate from the West? Turkish Studies, 9(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840701813960
  • Onis, Z. (1999). Turkey, Europe, and Paradoxes of identity: Perspectives on the international context of democratization. Mediterranean Quarterly, 10(3), 107–136.
  • Öniş, Z., & Yilmaz, Ş. (2009). Between europeanization and euro-asianism: Foreign policy activism in Turkey during the AKP era. Turkish Studies, 10(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840802648562
  • Özbudun, E. (2007). Democratization Reforms in Turkey ,. 3849(May), 1993–2004. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683840701312195
  • Özpek, B. B., & Demiraǧ, Y. (2014). Turkish foreign policy after the “Arab Spring”: From agenda-setter state to agenda-entrepreneur state. Israel Affairs, 20(3), 328–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2014.922806
  • Özpek, B. B., & Tanriverdi Yaşar, N. (2018). Populism and foreign policy in Turkey under the AKP rule. Turkish Studies, 19(2), 198–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2017.1400912
  • Sayari, S. (2000). Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: The challenges of multi regionalism. Journal of International Affairs, 54(1), 169–182.
  • Sözen, A. (2010). A paradigm shift in turkish foreign policy: Transition and challenges. Turkish Studies, 11(1), 103–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683841003747062
  • Taş, H. (2020). The formulation and implementation of populist foreign policy: Turkey in the Eastern Mediterranean. Mediterranean Politics, 25(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2020.1833160
  • Taşpinar, Ö. (2011). The Three Strategic Visions of Turkey. US-Europe Analysis Series, 50, 1–5. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2011/3/08 turkey taspinar/0308_turkey_taspinar.pdf
  • Tur, O. (2011). Economic relations with the Middle East under the AKP-trade, business community and reintegration with neighboring zones. Turkish Studies, 12(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2011.622515
  • Yavuz, M. H. (2016). Social and Intellectual Origins of Neo-Ottomanism: Searching for a Post-National Vision. Welt Des Islams, 56(3–4), 438–465. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-05634p08
  • Yildirim, T. M., Bulut, A. T., & Ilter, E. (2020). Agenda dynamics and policy priorities in military regimes. International Political Science Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120923068
  • Yorulmazlar, E., & Turhan, E. (2015). Turkish foreign policy towards the arab spring: Between western orientation and regional disorder. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 17(3), 337–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2015.1063805
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects International Relations
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Emre Taşkıran 0000-0002-9396-0259

Project Number -
Publication Date June 14, 2022
Submission Date May 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Taşkıran, E. (2022). MEASURING FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVISM THROUGH INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS: REGIONAL ORIENTATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS. Tarsus Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 62-79.
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