Mehmed Zâhid (Kotku) Efendi XX. yüzyılın ilmî, tasavvufî ve sosyal yönüyle tanınmış mühim şahsiyetlerindendir. Osmanlı döneminin acılı ve çalkantılı son demlerine tanık olmuş, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda cephelerde savaşmış, Cumhuriyet’in kuruluş devresini idrak etmiş ve sonraki dönemin inişli çıkışlı zamanlarında ülkemiz insanının dindarlık seviyesinin gelişmesinde tesirli olmuş bir mürşiddir. Bu makalede, gelenekteki ilim ve özellikle de hadis ilimlerine dair icâzet anlayış ve uygulamaları özetlendikten sonra Ahmed Ziyâeddîn-i Gümüşhânevî’ye nisbet edilen Ziyâiyye kolunun icâzet geleneği üzerinde durulacak, Mehmed Zâhid Efendi’nin hocası ve mürşidi Tekirdağlı Mustafa Feyzi Efendi’den aldığı başta hadis olmak üzere İslâm ilimlerinin pek çok dalına ait icâzetnâmesi olan İcâzetnâme-i Nefîs li-Râmûzü’l-ehâdîs’i tanıtılıp değerlendirilecektir. Böylece Osmanlı’nın son demlerinde hadis ilmi üzerinden gerek İslâmî ilimler tahsîl ve tedrîsinin seyri gerekse bir tekkenin bu sürece katkısı ve yeri ortaya konulacaktır.
يعدُّ العَلَّامة محمد زاهد كوتكو من الشخصيات المهمة والمعروفة في المجالات العلمية والتصوف والاجتماعية خلال القرن العشرين. كان شاهداً على الأحداث المؤلمة والمضطربة في نهاية الخلافة العثمانية، وقاتل على الجبهات خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى، كما أدرك فترة تأسيس الجمهورية، فكان مرشدًا دينياً مؤثراً في رفع مستوى التَّديُّن لدى أبناء بلادنا في مرحلة التَّقلُّبات المتأرجحة بين صعود وهبوط في الحقبة الزَّمنيَّة اللاحقة .في هذا المقال، سيتمُّ الوقوف على تقليد إجازات المدرسة الضِّيائيَّة المنسوبة إلى الشيخ أحمد ضياء الدين الكمشخانوي، كما سيتمُّ التعريف والتقييم للإجازة “ إجازة النفس لراموز الأحاديث” التي حصل عليها الشيخ محمد زاهد كوتكو من شيخه ومرشده الشيخ مصطفى فيضي أفندي التكرداغي، وهكذا؛ سيتم تتبُّع كلٍّ من ثَبَت أسانيد تحصيل وتدريس العلوم الإسلامية من خلال علم الحديث، كما ستتناول الدراسة المكانة التي تبوأتها/آلت إليها الزوايا خلال الأيام الأخيرة من الخلافة العثمانية.
Mehmed Zâhid (Kotku) Efendi is one of the prominent persons of the twentieth century, known for his scholarly, sufi and social aspects. He is a murshid who witnessed the sad and turbulent last Ottoman era, fought on the fronts during the First World War, saw the founding stage of the Republic, and in uneven times of the period after that, had an impact on improving the level of piety among the people of our country. In this paper, after summarizing the ijâzah (permission) understanding and practices in the scholarly tradition, particularly in the hadith sciences, ijâzah tradition of Ziyâiyyah school attributed to Ahmed Ziyâeddîn-i Gumuşhânawî will be elaborated; İcâzatnâme-i Nefîs li-Râmûz al-ahâdîth, the ijâzatnâmah of Mehmed Zâhid Efendi regarding the hadith in particular and also several branches of Islâmic sciences, which he received from his master and murshid Tekirdağli Mustafa Feyzi Efendi, will be introduced and evaluated. Thus, through hadith science we can follow the process of studying and teaching Islâmic sciences as well as the contribution of a dervish lodge to this process in the last period of Ottoman.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Religious Studies |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 29, 2020 |
Submission Date | April 27, 2020 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 21 Issue: 41 |
Journal of Sufi Science and Academic Research is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).