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Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Trakeotomi Açılan Olguların Değerlendirilmesi: Mekanik Ventilatörden Ayrılma ve Dekanülasyon Sonuçlarımız

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 74 - 78, 01.08.2018

Abstract

Amaç: Hastaların sedasyon ihtiyacını azaltması, pulmoner sekresyonların temizliğinin daha etkin yapılabilmesi, yoğunbakım yatış gün sayısı üzerine olan olumlu katkılarından dolayı trakeotomi çocuk yoğunbakım uzmanlarının sıkça başvurduğu bir cerrahi prosedür haline gelmiştir. Daha önce trakeotomi endikasyonları, zamanlaması ve komplikasyonları gibi konularla ilgili bir çok çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen mekanik ventilatörden ayrılma ve dekanülasyon ile ilgili bilgiler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada trakeotomi sonrası mekanik ventilatörden ayrılma ve dekanülasyon sonuçlarınının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi’nde Ocak 2010- Ağustos 2016 tarihleri arasında trakeotomi açılan hastaların kayıtları retrospektif olarak taranarak yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya yaş ortancaları 23 ay (10-79) olan, 55’i erkek (%51.4), 52’si kız (%48.6) toplam 107 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların trakeotomi öncesi mekanik ventilatör süresi 23 (17-30) gündü. Trakeotomi açılma endikasyonları arasında 87 (%81.3) hasta ile uzamış entübasyonun ilk sırada yer aldığı görüldü. Onbeş hastaya (%14) üst hava yolu obstrüksiyonu, 5 hastaya (%4.7) ise havayolu temizliği endikasyonlarıyla trakeotomi açıldı. Tüm hastaların 65’i (%60) mekanik ventilatörden ayrılabildi ve bu hastaların 30’una (%28) dekanülasyon gerçekleştirildi. Erken trakeotomi (ET) grubunun yoğunbakım yatış gün sayısı 23 (15-32) gün, geç trakeotomi (GT) grubunun ki ise 52 (40-79) gündü (p<0.01). İki grup arasında mortalite açısından anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (p=0.786).Sonuç: Trakeotomi çocuk yoğun bakım yatak kapasitesinin sınırlı olduğu ülkemizde kronik hasta yükünü hafifletme açısından iyi bir seçenektir.

References

  • Mahafza T, Batarseh S, Bsoul N, Massad E, Qudaisat I, Al-Layla AE. Early vs. late tracheostomy for the ICU patients: Experience in a referral hospital. Saudi J Anaesth 2012;6:152-4.
  • Hofer CK, Ganter M, Tucci M, Klaghofer R, Zollinger A. How reliable is length based determination of body weight and tracheal tube size in the paediatric age group? Br J Anaesth 2002;88:283-5.
  • Tolunay İ, Yıldızdaş RD, Horoz ÖÖ, Sürmelioğlu Ö, Ekinci F, Petmezci E ve ark. Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitemizde trakeostomi açılan hastalarımızın değerlendirilmesi. CAYD 2015;2:61-4.
  • Dursun O, Ozel D. Early and long-term outcome after tracheostomy in children. Pediatr Int 2011;53:202-06.
  • Cai SQ, Hu JW, Liu D, Bai XJ, Xie J, Chen JJ, et al. The influence of tracheostomy timing on outcomes in trauma patients: A meta- analysis. Injury 2017;48:866-73.
  • Brook AD, Sherman G, Malen J, Kollef MH. Early versus late tracheostomy in patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Am J Crit Care 2000;9:352-59.
  • Lee JH, Koo CH, Lee SY, Kim EH, Song IK, Kim HS, et al. Effect of early vs. late tracheostomy on clinical outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2016;60:1281-8.
  • Zia S, Arshad M, Nazir Z, Awan S. Pediatric tracheostomy: Complications and role of home care in a developing country. Pediatr Surg Int 2010;26:269-73.
  • Carr MM, Poje CP, Kingston L, Kielma D, Heard C. Complications in pediatric tracheostomies. Laryngoscope 2001;111:1925-28.
  • Parrilla C, Scarano E, Guidi ML, Galli J, Paludetti G. Current trends in paediatric tracheostomies. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007;71:1563-7.
  • Lee W, Koltai P, Harrison AM, Appachi E, Bourdakos D, Davis S, et al. Indications for tracheotomy in the pediatric intensive care unit population: A pilot study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128:1249-52.

The Evaluation of Tracheotomy Cases in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: The Results of Decanulation and Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 74 - 78, 01.08.2018

Abstract

Objective: Tracheostomy has become a frequent surgical procedure for pediatric intensivists asit reduces the patient’s sedation needs and the length of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) stay and also improves the efficiency of pulmonary secretion clearance. Despite previous studies on tracheostomy indications, timing and complications, there is limited information on extubation success and decanulation. In this study, we aimed to present the decanulation and weaning from mechanical ventilator results after tracheostomy.Material and Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively from the records of patients who underwent tracheostomy between January 2010 and August 2016 at the Erciyes University Medical Faculty Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.Results: A total of 107 patients were included in this study. There were 55 (51.4%) males and 52 (48.6%) females. The median age of the patients was 23 months and the duration of mechanical ventilation before tracheostomy was 23 days. The most common indication was long-term ventilation (81.3%), followed by airway abstruction (14%), and pulmonary toilet (4.7%). Sixty five were weaned from the mechanical ventilator and 28% of the patients were decannulated. The ET group PICU stay was 23 days, and the LT group PICU stay was 52 days (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups (p=0.786).Conclusion: Tracheostomy is a good choice in terms of alleviating the chronic patient burden in our country where there is limited pediatric intensive care capacity

References

  • Mahafza T, Batarseh S, Bsoul N, Massad E, Qudaisat I, Al-Layla AE. Early vs. late tracheostomy for the ICU patients: Experience in a referral hospital. Saudi J Anaesth 2012;6:152-4.
  • Hofer CK, Ganter M, Tucci M, Klaghofer R, Zollinger A. How reliable is length based determination of body weight and tracheal tube size in the paediatric age group? Br J Anaesth 2002;88:283-5.
  • Tolunay İ, Yıldızdaş RD, Horoz ÖÖ, Sürmelioğlu Ö, Ekinci F, Petmezci E ve ark. Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitemizde trakeostomi açılan hastalarımızın değerlendirilmesi. CAYD 2015;2:61-4.
  • Dursun O, Ozel D. Early and long-term outcome after tracheostomy in children. Pediatr Int 2011;53:202-06.
  • Cai SQ, Hu JW, Liu D, Bai XJ, Xie J, Chen JJ, et al. The influence of tracheostomy timing on outcomes in trauma patients: A meta- analysis. Injury 2017;48:866-73.
  • Brook AD, Sherman G, Malen J, Kollef MH. Early versus late tracheostomy in patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Am J Crit Care 2000;9:352-59.
  • Lee JH, Koo CH, Lee SY, Kim EH, Song IK, Kim HS, et al. Effect of early vs. late tracheostomy on clinical outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2016;60:1281-8.
  • Zia S, Arshad M, Nazir Z, Awan S. Pediatric tracheostomy: Complications and role of home care in a developing country. Pediatr Surg Int 2010;26:269-73.
  • Carr MM, Poje CP, Kingston L, Kielma D, Heard C. Complications in pediatric tracheostomies. Laryngoscope 2001;111:1925-28.
  • Parrilla C, Scarano E, Guidi ML, Galli J, Paludetti G. Current trends in paediatric tracheostomies. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007;71:1563-7.
  • Lee W, Koltai P, Harrison AM, Appachi E, Bourdakos D, Davis S, et al. Indications for tracheotomy in the pediatric intensive care unit population: A pilot study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128:1249-52.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA65MH64PG
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Adem Dursun This is me

Nazan Ülgen Tekerek This is me

Başak Akyıldız This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2018
Submission Date August 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Dursun A, Tekerek NÜ, Akyıldız B. The Evaluation of Tracheotomy Cases in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: The Results of Decanulation and Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2018;12(2):74-8.


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