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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2459-1912</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Gazi University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37217/tebd.1718171</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Curriculum Development in Education</subject>
                                                            <subject>Curriculum and Instration (Other)</subject>
                                                            <subject>Higher Education Studies (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Eğitimde Program Geliştirme</subject>
                                                            <subject>Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim (Diğer)</subject>
                                                            <subject>Yükseköğretim Çalışmaları (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Curriculum Flexibility in Higher Education: A Scale Development Research</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Yükseköğretimde Program Esnekliği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-9889</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Derin</surname>
                                    <given-names>Asil</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-258X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Küçükoğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Adnan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                                                <issue>Advanced Online Publication</issue>
                                        <fpage>366</fpage>
                                        <lpage>407</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250612">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>12</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260109">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2003, The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2003</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In line with the global megatrends (major global trends such as demographic transformation and the rise of technology) that shape the current era in higher education institutions, it is aimed to design competency-based flexible curricula that prepare students for the professions of the future. For that purpose, it was determined that the Curriculum Flexibility Scale, which was developed in five-point Likert type to determine the level of curriculum flexibility in higher education, consisted of 140 items and a single dimension. Within the scope of this study, while determining the study group, the purposive sampling method was used and data were collected from a study group consisting of lecturers. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was concluded that unidimensional structure emerged since the first and second eigenvalue ratios were greater than three. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the unidimensional structure of the scale, and as a result of the data analysis, it was determined that the fit indices were within the acceptable range. Moreover, due to the high number of items in the scale, Rasch analysis was utilised and it was concluded that model-data fit was ensured. On the other hand, the Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient, which was calculated to determine the scale reliability, was found to be 0.943. As a result, it was determined that the validity and reliability values of the Curriculum Flexibility Scale were high, and the findings had revealed that this scale, which was the first measurement tool to determine the level of curriculum flexibility in higher education, was a valid and reliable tool for determining the level of curriculum flexibility in higher education.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Yükseköğretim kurumlarında içinde bulunduğumuz çağa yön veren küresel megatrendler (demografik dönüşüm ve teknolojinin yükselişi gibi büyük küresel eğilimler) doğrultusunda öğrencileri geleceğin mesleklerine hazırlayan yetkinlik temelli esnek programların tasarlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yükseköğretimde program esnekliği düzeyinin belirlenebilmesi noktasında beşli Likert türünde geliştirilen Program Esnekliği Ölçeği’nin 140 madde ve tek boyuttan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırma kapsamında araştırma grubu belirlenirken amaçsal örnekleme yöntemine başvurulmuş olup öğretim elemanlarından oluşan bir araştırma grubundan veri toplanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, birinci ve ikinci öz değer oranının üçten büyük olması nedeniyle tek boyutlu bir yapının ortaya çıktığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bununla birlikte ölçeğin tek faktörlü yapısını test etmek amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiş olup veri analizi sonucunda uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir aralıkta olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca bu araştırma kapsamında madde sayısının fazla olması nedeniyle Madde Tepki Kuramı çatısı altında yer alan Rasch analizinden yararlanılmış olup model-veri uyumunun sağlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öte yandan ölçek güvenirliğinin belirlenebilmesi noktasında hesaplanan Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı 0,943 olarak bulgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak Program Esnekliği Ölçeği’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerinin yüksek olduğu saptanmış olup elde edilen bulgular, yükseköğretimde program esnekliği düzeyini belirlemeye yönelik ilk ölçme aracı olma özelliği taşıyan bu ölçeğin yükseköğretimde program esnekliği düzeyinin belirlenebilmesi noktasında geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Yükseköğretim</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Program esnekliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ölçek geliştirme</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Higher education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Curriculum flexibility</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Scale development</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
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