Zihin Gezinmesi Ölçeklerinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Bir Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Year 2020,
Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 456 - 482, 26.06.2020
Sevgi Sezgin
,
Galip Yüksel
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin zihin gezinmelerinin ölçülmesine yönelik üç ayrı ölçeği, lise öğrencilerinin zihin gezinmelerinin ölçülmesinde kullanılmak üzere Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 öğretim yılında Ankara ilinde sınavsız öğrenci alan resmi Anadolu liselerinde okuyan 254 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Ölçeklerin yapı geçerliğinin doğrulanması amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) kullanılmış ve ayrışım geçerliği için de dikkati düzenleyebilme alt ölçeği ile korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. Ölçümlerin güvenirliğinin belirlenmesinde ise Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları ve Spearman-Brown iki yarı test korelasyonları incelenmiştir. DFA ve AFA sonuçları Zihin Gezinmesi Ölçeği (ZGÖ), Zihnin İstemli Gezinmesi Ölçeği (ZİGÖ) ve Zihnin İstemsiz Gezinmesi Ölçeği’nin (ZİZGÖ) orijinal formlarındaki tek faktörlü yapılarının doğrulanması için yeterli bulgulara ulaşıldığını göstermiştir. Ölçek toplam puanlarının dikkati düzenleyebilme alt ölçeğinin toplam puanlarıyla yaptığı korelasyonlar ise sırasıyla -.71, -.28 ve -.70 olmuştur. Güvenirlik için hesaplanan iç tutarlık katsayıları sırasıyla ZGÖ’de .75, ZİGÖ’de .75 ve ZİZGÖ’de ise .89 gibi kabul edilebilir düzeylerdedir. Ölçeklerin iki yarı test korelasyonları ise sırasıyla .71, .72 ve .86 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak araştırmanın bulguları bu ölçeklerin lise öğrencilerinin zihin gezinmesini ölçmek için büyük ölçüde kabul edilebilir psikometrik özelikler gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
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- Schubert, A., Frischkorn, G. T., & Rummel, J. (2019). The validity of the online thought-probing procedure of mind wandering is not threatened by variations of probe rate and probe framing. Psychological Research, doi: 10.1007/s00426-019-01194-2
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- Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2006). The restless mind. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 946–958.
- Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2015). The science of mind wandering: Empirically navigating the stream of consciousness. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 487–518.
- Smilek, D., Carriere, J. S., & Cheyne, J. A. (2010). Out of mind, out of sight: Eye blinking as indicator and embodiment of mind wandering. Psychological Science, 21, 786–789. doi: 10.1177/0956797610368063
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- Unsworth, N., & McMillan, B. D. (2013). Mind wandering and reading comprehension: Examining the roles of working memory capacity, interest, motivation, and topic experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(3), 832–842.
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- Wammes, J. D., & Smilek, D. (2017). Examining the influence of lecture format on degree of mind wandering. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6, 174–184.
- Weinstein, Y. (2018). Mind-wandering, how do I measure thee with probes? Let me count the ways. Behavior Research Methods, 50, 642–661. doi: 10.3758/s13428-017-0891-9
- Yamaoka, A., & Yukawa, S. (2019). Development of Japanese versions of the Mind Wandering: Deliberate and Mind Wandering: Spontaneous scales. The Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology, 67(2), 118–131. doi: 10.5926/jjep.67.118
- Yeşilyaprak, B. (2003). Eğitimde rehberlik hizmetleri: Gelişimsel yaklaşım (6. basım). Ankara: Nobel.
Year 2020,
Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 456 - 482, 26.06.2020
Sevgi Sezgin
,
Galip Yüksel
References
- Aksoy, Ş. G. (2019). Aşırı zihinsel gezinme fenomeninin erişkin dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu ve bipolar bozukluk olgularında incelenmesi ve karşılaştırılması. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- American Psychological Association. (2015). APA dictionary of psychology (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Ayalp, H. D., & Hisli Şahin, N. (2018). Beş faktörlü bilgece farkındalık ölçeği - kısa formunun (BFBFÖ-K) Türkçe uyarlaması. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 2(3), 117–127.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem.
- Carriere, J. S. A., Seli, P., & Smilek, D. (2013). Wandering in both mind and body: Individual differences in mind wandering and inattention predict fidgeting. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 67(1), 19–31. doi: 10.1037/a0031438
- Chiorri, C., & Vannucci, M. (2019). Replicability of the psychometric properties of trait-levels measures of spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 35(4), 459–468. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000422
- Creswell, J. W. (2017). Eğitim araştırmaları: Nicel ve nitel araştırmanın planlanması, yürütülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul: EDAM.
- Desideri, L., Ottaviani, C., Cecchetto, C., & Bonifacci, P. (2019). Mind wandering, together with test anxiety and self-efficacy, predicts student’s academic selfconcept but not reading comprehension skills. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(2), 307–323. doi: 10.1111/bjep.12240
- Dündar, C. (2015). The effects of mind wandering on simulated driving performance. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Ergas, O. (2018). Schooled in our own minds: Mind-wandering and mindfulness in the makings of the curriculum. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 50(1), 77–95.
- Gazzaley, A., & Rosen, L. D. (2019). Dağınık zihin: İleri teknoloji dünyasında kadim beyinler (1. basım). İstanbul: Metis.
- Golchert, J., Smallwood, J., Jefferies, E., Seli, P., Huntenburg, J. M., Liem, F., Lauckner, M. E., Oligschläger, S., Bernhardt, B. C., Villringer, A., & Margulies, D. S. (2017). Individual variation in intentionality in the mind-wandering state is reflected in the integration of the default-mode, fronto-parietal, and limbic networks. NeuroImage, 146, 226–235. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.025
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- Marcusson-Clavertz, D., & Kjell, O. N. E. (2019). Psychometric properties of the spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering scales. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 35(6), 878–890. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000470
- McMillan, R. L., Kaufman, S. B., & Singer, J. L. (2013). Ode to positive constructive daydreaming. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(626). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00626
- McVay, J. C., & Kane, M. J. (2010). Does mind wandering reflect executive function or executive failure? Comment on Smallwood and Schooler (2006) and Watkins (2008). Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 188–197.
- Mooneyham, B. W., & Schooler, J. W. (2013). The costs and benefits of mind-wandering: A review. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 67(1), 11–18.
- Mrazek, M. D., Phillips, D. T., Franklin, M. S., Broadway, J. M., & Schooler, J. W. (2013). Young and restless: Validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) reveals disruptive impact of mind-wandering for youth. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(560). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00560
- Ostojic-Aitkens, D., Brooker, B., & Miller, C. J. (2019). Using ecological momentary assessments to evaluate extant measures of mind wandering. Psychological Assessment, 31(6), 817–827. doi: 10.1037/pas0000701
- Pachai, A. A., Acai, A., LoGiudice, A. B., & Kim, J. A. (2016). The mind that wanders: Challenges and potential benefits of mind wandering in education. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 2(2), 134–146.
- Ralph, B. C. W., Wammes, J. D., Barr, N., & Smilek, D. (2017). Wandering minds and wavering goals: Examining the relation between mind wandering and grit in everyday life and the classroom. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 71(2), 120–132.
- Robison, M. K., & Unsworth, N. (2018). Cognitive and contextual correlates of spontaneous and deliberate mind-wandering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(1), 85–98.
- Schubert, A., Frischkorn, G. T., & Rummel, J. (2019). The validity of the online thought-probing procedure of mind wandering is not threatened by variations of probe rate and probe framing. Psychological Research, doi: 10.1007/s00426-019-01194-2
- Seli, P., Carriere, J. S, Levene, M., & Smilek, D. (2013). How few and far between? Examining the effects of probe rate on self-reported mind wandering. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(430). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00430
- Seli, P., Risko, E. F., & Smilek, D. (2016a). Assessing the associations among trait and state levels of deliberate and spontaneous mind wandering. Consciousness and Cognition, 41, 50–56. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.02.002
- Seli, P., Risko, E. F., & Smilek, D. (2016b). On the necessity of distinguishing between unintentional and intentional mind wandering. Psychological Science, 27(5), 685–691. doi: 10.1177/0956797616634068
- Singer, J. L. (1975). Navigating the stream of consciousness: Research in daydreaming and related inner experience. American Psychologist, 30(7), 727–738. doi:10.1037/h0076928
- Smallwood, J., Fishman, D. J., & Schooler, J. W. (2007). Counting the cost of an absent mind: Mind wandering as an underrecognized influence on educational performance. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(2), 230–236.
- Smallwood, J., Fitzgerald, A., Miles, L. K., & Phillips, L. H. (2009). Shifting moods, wandering minds: Negative moods lead the mind to wander. Emotion, 9(2), 271–276.
- Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2006). The restless mind. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 946–958.
- Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2015). The science of mind wandering: Empirically navigating the stream of consciousness. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 487–518.
- Smilek, D., Carriere, J. S., & Cheyne, J. A. (2010). Out of mind, out of sight: Eye blinking as indicator and embodiment of mind wandering. Psychological Science, 21, 786–789. doi: 10.1177/0956797610368063
- Szpunar, K. K., Moulton, S. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2013). Mind wandering and education: From the classroom to online learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(495). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00495
- Unsworth, N., & McMillan, B. D. (2013). Mind wandering and reading comprehension: Examining the roles of working memory capacity, interest, motivation, and topic experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(3), 832–842.
- Varao-Sousa, T. L., & Kingstone, A. (2019). Are mind wandering rates an artifact of the probe-caught method? Using self-caught mind wandering in the classroom to test, and reject, this possibility. Behavior Research Methods, 51(1), 235–242. doi: 10.3758/s13428-018-1073-0
- Wammes, J. D., Seli, P., Cheyne, J. A., Boucher, P. O., & Smilek, D. (2016). Mind wandering during lectures II: Relation to academic performance. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 2(1), 33–48.
- Wammes, J. D., & Smilek, D. (2017). Examining the influence of lecture format on degree of mind wandering. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6, 174–184.
- Weinstein, Y. (2018). Mind-wandering, how do I measure thee with probes? Let me count the ways. Behavior Research Methods, 50, 642–661. doi: 10.3758/s13428-017-0891-9
- Yamaoka, A., & Yukawa, S. (2019). Development of Japanese versions of the Mind Wandering: Deliberate and Mind Wandering: Spontaneous scales. The Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology, 67(2), 118–131. doi: 10.5926/jjep.67.118
- Yeşilyaprak, B. (2003). Eğitimde rehberlik hizmetleri: Gelişimsel yaklaşım (6. basım). Ankara: Nobel.