Determination of Usnic Acid Levels in Various Lichen Species by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and their Antimicrobial Activities

Year 2007, Volume: 64 Issue: 3, 17 - 21, 01.12.2007

Demet Cansaran Duman

Abstract

Objective: Four species of lichens, Evernia divaricata L. Ach., Pseudevernia furfuracea L. Zopf., Letharia vulpina L. Hue and Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale were collected from different areas of Turkey district Karabük-Çankırı-Trabzon . Their usnic acid amounts in acetone extracts were determined by HPLC. Method:Quantitative analysis of usnic acid in lichen samples was achieved using HPLC. For screening the antimicrobial activity of usnic acid, the agar disk diffusion method was used Results:The usnic acid contents of examined lichens species varied between 0.12% to 2.89%. The antimicrobial activity of these extracts were determined against Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Enterococcus feacalis RSKK 508, Proteus mirabilis Pasteur Ens. 235 , Proteus vulgaris RSKK 255, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis Pasteur Ens. , Bacillus megaterium Pasteur Ens.5117 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The maximum antibacterial efficiency among lichen species was exhibited by Letharia vulpina, which has also the highest usnic acid level. Conclusion:With increasing levels of usnic acid there is also an increase in the antimicrobial activity

Keywords

Lichens, usnic acid, HPLC, antimicrobial activities

Farklı Liken Örneklerindeki Usnik Asit Miktarlarının Yüksek Basınçlı Sıvı Kromatografisi Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi Ve Antimikrobiyal Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Amaç: Türkiye'nin çeşitli illerinden Karabük-Çankırı-Trabzon dört farklı liken türü; Evernia divaricata L. Ach., Pseudevernia furfuracea L. Zopf., Letharia vulpina L. Hue ve Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale toplanmıştır. Bu örneklerinin aseton ekstrelerindeki usnik asit miktarları yüksek basınçlı sıvı kromatografisi HPLC ile belirlenmiştir. Yöntem:Bu çalışmada, liken örneklerindeki usnik asit miktarı, HPLC kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Disk difüzyon yöntemi ile antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular:Seçilen türlerin kuru ağırlıklarının % 0.12-2.89'i kadar usnik asit içerdiği görülmüştür. Daha sonra bu ekstrelerin Escherichia coliATCC 35218, Enterococcus feacalis RSKK 508, Proteus mirabilis Pasteur Ens .235 , Proteus vulgaris RSKK 255, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis Pasteur Ens. , Bacillus megaterium Pasteur Ens.5117 , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853' e karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Liken türleri arasında en fazla antimikrobiyal etkiyi, en yüksek usnik asit miktarı tespit edilen Letharia vulpina türü göstermiştir. Sonuç:Likenlerde belirlenen usnik asit miktarı arttıkça antimikrobiyal aktivitenin de arttığı görülmüştür.

Keywords

Liken, usnik asit, HPLC, antimikrobiyal aktivite

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