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Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence

Year 2025, Volume: 68 Issue: 4, 1 - 16

Çetin Yeşilova , Şükriye Başak Yeğen

https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1519961

Abstract

Tazekent village is located in the Diyadin district of Ağrı province in Eastern Anatolia. The region is notable for its hot springs and rich travertine and tufa formations. In this study, the aim was to determine the geological evolution of the Tazekent travertines and shed light on the climatic changes during their formation. As a result of sedimentological examinations, the travertines were differentiated into 7 facies. Thin sections were made from samples taken from travertines, SEM examinations were carried out and XRD analysis was performed on samples taken from paleosoils. As a result of the analysis and examinations, Tazekent travertines were determined to have formed with ridge type travertine morphology and in a slope environment, and that, generally hot and dry, sometimes cold, climate conditions prevailed during their formation. It was determined that the region is an active zone, the travertines formed simultaneously with tectonism and volcanism, and they continue to form today.

Keywords

Diyadin Tazekent Village travertine facies climate

Project Number

“FYL-2019-8450”

References

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  • Mesci, B. L., Tatar, O., Piper, J. D. A., Gürsoy, H., Altunel, E., Crowley, S. (2013). The efficacy of travertine as a palaeoenvironmental indicator: palaeomagnetic study of neotectonic examples from Denizli, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22, 191-203.
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  • Özkul, M., Alçiçek, M. C., Heybeli, H., Semiz, B. & Erten, H. (2001). Depositional features of Denizli hot spring travertines and their appraisement in view marbling. III. Turkey Marble Symposium (Mersem’2001) Proceeding Book, (in Turkish with English Abstract), (pp.: 57- 72), Afyon, Turkey.
  • Özkul, M., Varol, B. ve Alçiçek, M. C. (2002). Denizli travertenlerinin petrografik özellikleri ve depolanma ortamları. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA Dergisi), 125, 13-29.
  • Özkul, M., Gökgöz, A. & Horvatinčić, N. (2010). Depositional properties and geochemistry of Holocene perched springline tufa deposits and associated spring waters: a case study from the Denizli province, Western Turkey. In Pedley, H.M. (Ed.), Tufas and 65 Speleothems: Unravelling the Microbial and Physical Controls: The Geological Society, London. Special Publications, 336, 245–262.
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Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence

Year 2025, Volume: 68 Issue: 4, 1 - 16

Çetin Yeşilova , Şükriye Başak Yeğen

https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1519961

Abstract

Tazekent Köyü, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde, Ağrı iline bağlı Diyadin ilçesinde yer almaktadır. Bölge, kaplıcaları ve zengin traverten ve tufa oluşumları ile ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Tazekent köyü travertenlerinin jeolojik evrimini belirleyerek, oluşumları sırasındaki iklimsel değişimlere ışık tutmak amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan sedimantolojik incelemeler sonucunda travertenler 7 fasiyese ayırtlanmıştır. Travertenlerden alınan örneklerden ince kesitler yapılmış, SEM incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve Paleotopraklardan alınan örnekler üzerinde XRD analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz ve incelemeler sonucunda, Tazekent Köyü travertenlerinin sırt tipi traverten morfolojisinde ve yamaç ortamında oluştuğu, oluşumları zamanında, genel olarak kurak sıcak iklim koşullarının hüküm sürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, bölgenin aktif bir zonda olduğu, travertenlerin, tektonizma ve volkanizma ile eş zamanlı oluştuğu ve günümüzde de halen oluşmaya devam ettiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Diyadin Tazekent Köyü traverten fasiyes iklim

Supporting Institution

Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimince

Project Number

“FYL-2019-8450”

References

  • Alcicek, M. C., Alcicek, H., Altunel, E., Arenas, C., Bons, P., Brogi, A., Capezzuoli, E., de Riese, T., Della Porta, G., Gandin, A., Guo, L., Jones, B., Karabacak, V., Kershaw, S., Liotta, D., Mindszenty, A., Pedley, M., Ronchi, P., Swennen, R. & Temiz, U. (2017). Comment on “First records of syn-diagenetic non-tectonic folding in Quaternary thermogene travertines caused by hydrothermal incremental veining” by Billi vd. Tectonophysics, 721, 491–500.
  • Altunel, E. (1996). Pamukkale travertenlerinin morfolojik özellikleri, yaşları ve neotektonik önemleri. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA Dergisi), 118, 47-64.
  • Altunel, E. & Hancock, P. L. (1996). Structural attributes of travertine fılled extensional fıssures in the Pamukkale plateau, westem Turkey. lnternational Geology Review, 38, 768-777. https://doi.org/10.1080/00206819709465360
  • Babechuk, M. G. & Kamber, B. S. (2013). The Flin Flon paleosol revisited. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 50(12), 1223-1243. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2013-0076
  • Barilaro, F., Della Porta, G., Ripamonti, M. & Capezzuoli, E. (2011). Petrographic and Facies Analysis of Pleistocene Travertines in Southern Tuscany, Central Italy. AAPG Search and Discovery Article. 90124. 2011 AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition, April 10-13, 2011, Houston, Texas.
  • Barnes, l., lrwin, W. P. &White, D. E. (1978). Global distribution of carbondioxide discharges, and major zones of seismicity. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources lnvestigations, 78-39, Open-File Report.
  • Buczynski, C. & Chafetz, H.S. (1991). Habit of bacterially induced precipitates of calcium carbonate and the influence ofmediumviscosity on mineralogy. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 61, 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1306/D42676DB-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D
  • Burne, R. V. & Moore, L. S. (1987). Microbialites; organosedimentary deposits of benthic microbial communities. Palaios, 2(3), 241-254.
  • Chafetz, H. S. (1986). Marine peloids: a product of bacterially induced precipitation of calcite. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 56, 812–817.
  • Chafetz, H. S. & Buczynski, C. (1992). Bacterially induced lithification of microbial mats. Palaios, 7, 277–293.
  • Chafetz, H., Barth, J., Cook, M., Guo, X., & Zhou, J. (2018). Origins of carbonate spherulites: implications for Brazilian Aptian pre-salt reservoir. Sedimentary Geology, 365: 21-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2017.12.024
  • Gradziński, M. (2010). Factors controlling growth of modern tufa: results of a feld experiment. Geological Society Special Publications, 336, 143-191. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP336.8
  • Guo, L. & Riding, R. (1998). Hot spring travertine facies and sequence Late Pleistosene, Rapolano Terme, Italy. Sedimentology, 45, 163-180.
  • Gülyüz, E., Özkaptan, M., Kaymakci, N., Persano, C. & Stuart, F. M. (2019). Kinematic and thermal evolution of the Haymana Basin, a fore-arc to foreland basin in Central Anatolia (Turkey). Tectonophysics, 766, 326-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2019.06.020
  • Hall, J. (1883). Cryptozoon n.g.: Cryptozoon proliferum n.sp. N.Y. State Mus. Ann. Rep., (36): plate 6.
  • Henchiri, M., Ben Ahmed, W., Brogi, A., Alçiçek, M. C. & Benassi, R. (2017). Evolution of Pleistocene travertine depositional system from terraced slope to fissure-ridge in a mixed travertine-alluvial succession (Jebel El Mida, Gafsa, southern Tunisia). Geodinamica Acta, 29 (1): 20-41.
  • Kalkowsky, E. (1908). Oolith und Stromatolith im norddeutschen Buntsandstein. Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen. Gesellschaft, 68-125.
  • Kardaş, S. (2019). Diyadin (Ağrı) Kuzeyinin Tektonik Özellikleri ve Jeotermal Potansiyeli. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
  • Kıyadeh, A. A. H. (2019). Diyadin (Ağrı) Güneyinin Tektonik Özellikleri ve Jeotermal Potansiyeli (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
  • Koçyiğit, A. (2013). New Field And Seismic Data About The İntraplate Strike-Sli Deformation in Van Region. East Anatolian Plateau. E. Turkey. Middle East Technical University. Department of Geological Engineering. Active Tectonics and Earthquake Research Lab.. TR-06800 Ankara. Turkey.
  • Le Pichon, X., Francheteau, J. & Bonnin, J. (1973). Plate Tectonics: Developments in Geotectonics. 6. Elsevier Science Ltd., Amsterdam. 300.
  • Martin-Bello, L., Arenas, C. & Jones, B. (2019). Lacustrine stromatolites: Useful structures for environmental interpretation – an example from the Miocene Ebro Basin. Sedimentology, 66, 2098-2133. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12577
  • Mesci, B.L., Gursoy, H. & Tatar, O. (2008). The Evolution of Travertine Masses in the Sivas Area (Central Turkey) and Their Relationship to Active Tectonics. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 17, 219-240.
  • Mesci, B. L., Tatar, O., Piper, J. D. A., Gürsoy, H., Altunel, E., Crowley, S. (2013). The efficacy of travertine as a palaeoenvironmental indicator: palaeomagnetic study of neotectonic examples from Denizli, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22, 191-203.
  • Mc Kenzie, D. P. (1972). Active tectonics of Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 30, 109-158.
  • Morelli, C. (1978). Eastern Mediterranean: geophysical results and implications. Tectonophysics, 46, 333-346.
  • Mutlu, H., Aydın, H. & Kazancı, A. (2013). Diyadin (Ağrı) jeotermal sahasına yönelik jeokimyasal ve izotopik bulgular. 11. Ulusal Tesisat Mühendisliği Kongresi Jeotermal Enerji Semineri. 17-20 Nisan 2013, İzmir. 47-67.
  • Özkul, M., Alçiçek, M. C., Heybeli, H., Semiz, B. & Erten, H. (2001). Depositional features of Denizli hot spring travertines and their appraisement in view marbling. III. Turkey Marble Symposium (Mersem’2001) Proceeding Book, (in Turkish with English Abstract), (pp.: 57- 72), Afyon, Turkey.
  • Özkul, M., Varol, B. ve Alçiçek, M. C. (2002). Denizli travertenlerinin petrografik özellikleri ve depolanma ortamları. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA Dergisi), 125, 13-29.
  • Özkul, M., Gökgöz, A. & Horvatinčić, N. (2010). Depositional properties and geochemistry of Holocene perched springline tufa deposits and associated spring waters: a case study from the Denizli province, Western Turkey. In Pedley, H.M. (Ed.), Tufas and 65 Speleothems: Unravelling the Microbial and Physical Controls: The Geological Society, London. Special Publications, 336, 245–262.
  • Pasvanoğlu, S. (2013). Hydrogeochemistry of thermal and mineralized waters in the Diyadin (Ağrı) area, Eastern Turkey. Applied Geochemistry, 38, 70-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.08.010
  • Pentecost, A. & Tortora, P. (1989). Bagni di Tivoli, Lazio; a modem travertine depositing site and its associated microorganisms. Bolletino della Societa Geologica Italiana, 108: 315-324.
  • Pentecost, A. (2005). Travertine. Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
  • Riding, R. (1999). The term stromatolite: towards an essential definition. Lethaia, 32(4): 321-330.
  • Riding, R. (2008). Abiogenic, microbial and hybrid authigenic carbonate crusts: components of Precambrian stromatolites. Geologia Croatica, 61(2-3): 73-103.
  • Riding, R. (2009). An atmospheric stimulus for cyanobacterial-bioinduced calcification ca. 350 million years ago?. Palaios, 24(10), 685-696. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2009.p09-033r
  • Rivadeneyra, M. A., Martin-Algarra, A., Sanchez-Roman, M., Sanchez-Navas, A. & Martin- Ramos, J. D. (2006a). Carbonate and phosphate precipitation by Chromohalobacter marismortui. Geomicrobiology Journal, 23, 1–13.
  • Rivadeneyra, M. A., Delgado, R., Parraga, J., Ramos-Cormenzana, A. & Delgado, G. (2006b). Precipitation of minerals by 22 species of moderately halophilic bacteria in artificial marine saltsmedia: influence of salt concentration. Folia Microbiologica, 51: 445–453.
  • Sheldon, N. D, Tabor, N. J. (2009). Quantitative paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstruction using paleosols. Earth-Science Reviews, 95, 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.03.004
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There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects General Geology
Journal Section Makaleler - Articles
Authors

Çetin Yeşilova 0000-0002-8884-0842

Şükriye Başak Yeğen This is me 0009-0003-0077-7223

Project Number “FYL-2019-8450”
Early Pub Date November 27, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date July 21, 2024
Acceptance Date September 10, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 68 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yeşilova, Ç., & Yeğen, Ş. B. (2024). Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 68(4), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1519961
AMA Yeşilova Ç, Yeğen ŞB. Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence. Geol. Bull. Turkey. November 2024;68(4):1-16. doi:10.25288/tjb.1519961
Chicago Yeşilova, Çetin, and Şükriye Başak Yeğen. “Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları Ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 68, no. 4 (November 2024): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1519961.
EndNote Yeşilova Ç, Yeğen ŞB (November 1, 2024) Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 68 4 1–16.
IEEE Ç. Yeşilova and Ş. B. Yeğen, “Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence”, Geol. Bull. Turkey, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 1–16, 2024, doi: 10.25288/tjb.1519961.
ISNAD Yeşilova, Çetin - Yeğen, Şükriye Başak. “Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları Ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 68/4 (November 2024), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1519961.
JAMA Yeşilova Ç, Yeğen ŞB. Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence. Geol. Bull. Turkey. 2024;68:1–16.
MLA Yeşilova, Çetin and Şükriye Başak Yeğen. “Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları Ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, vol. 68, no. 4, 2024, pp. 1-16, doi:10.25288/tjb.1519961.
Vancouver Yeşilova Ç, Yeğen ŞB. Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertenlerinin Oluşum Koşulları ve İlk İlklimsel Kanıtları / Formation Conditions of Tazekent (Diyadin, Ağrı) Travertines and First Climatic Evidence. Geol. Bull. Turkey. 2024;68(4):1-16.

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