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Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler

Year 2024, , 36 - 44, 28.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1364399

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; üniversite öğrencilerinin kanser ve kanser hastalarına yönelik stigma tutumlarını ve bunları etkileyen etmenleri belirlemektir.
Methot: Kesitsel tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini 354 öğrenci oluşturdu. Çalışmada veriler; Kişisel bilgi formu ve Kansere İlişkin Tutumları (Kanser Damgası) Ölçme Anketi- Toplum Versiyonu ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %65’i kadın olup büyük çoğunluğu (%97,5) bekardı. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 21,75±9,67 olduğu belirlendi. Cinsiyet ile ayrımcılık alt boyutu, kanser tanısını ortaya çıkarma/yayma alt boyutu ve ölçek toplam puan ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark olduğu belirlendi. Kronik hastalığı olmayanların olanlara göre iyileşmenin imkânsız olması alt boyutu toplam puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Yakın akrabalarında kanser hastası olanların olmayanlara göre iyileşmenin imkânsız olması alt boyutu toplam puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Annenin eğitim düzeyi arttıkça ‘iyileşmenin imkânsız olması’ yönündeki olumsuz tutumlarının da arttığı saptandı. Benzer şekilde babanın eğitim düzeyi arttıkça ‘iyileşmenin imkânsız olması’ yönündeki olumsuz tutumlarının da arttığı saptandı. Ayrıca babanın eğitim düzeyi arttıkça ‘kanser tanısını ortaya çıkarma, yayma’ yönündeki olumsuz tutumlarının azaldığı saptandı. Öğrenciler açısından bakılınca okunulan sınıf arttıkça ‘kanser tanısını ortaya çıkarma, yayma’ yönündeki olumsuz tutumlarının arttığı saptandı.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda; kanser stigması ile cinsiyet, kronik hastalık varlığı, okunulan sınıf, anne ve baba eğitim düzeyi, ekonomik durum, yaşanılan yer ve okunulan bölüm arasında ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.

Ethical Statement

Çalışmanın yürütülebilmesi için Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu'ndan etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerden sözlü onam alınmıştır.

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Thanks

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References

  • World Health Organization. Cancer Fact Sheet March, 2021. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer Erişim Tarihi: 06.08.2021
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Türkiye kanser istatistikleri, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/kanser-db/istatistik/Trkiye_Kanser_statistikleri_2016.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 07.02.2021
  • Tang P-L MDK, Chou F-H, Hsiao K-Y. The experience of cancer stigma in Taiwan: A qualitative study of female cancer patients. Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 2015; 30: 204-9.
  • Cataldo JK, Slaughter R, Jahan TM, Pongquan VL, & Hwang W J. Measuring stigma in people with lung cancer: Psychometric testing of the Cataldo lung cancer stigma scale. Oncology Nursing Forum, 2011; 38(1): 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1188/11.ONF.E46-E54
  • Suwankhong D, Liamputtong P. Breast cancer treatment experiences of changes and social stigma among Thai women in southern Thailand. Cancer Nurs, 2015; 15: 1-8.
  • Zamani LPS, Farahani M. (2012). The cancer stigma: more terrible than disease. http://congress.mums.ac.ir//erepository/archive/103/papers/60266.
  • Cho J, Choi EK, Shin DW, Cho B, Kim C, Koh DH et al. Association Between Cancer Stigma and Depression among Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Survey in Korea. Psycho‐Oncology, 2013; 22.10: 2372-8.
  • Yilmaz M, Dissiz G, Usluoglu AK, Iriz S, Demir F, Alacacioglu A. Cancer-related stigma and depression in cancer patients in a middle-income country. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs, 2010; 7(1):95–102. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_45_19
  • Phelan SM, Griffin JM, Jackson GL, Zafar SY, Hellerstedt W, Stahre M, Nelson D, Zullig LL, Burgess DJ, van Ryn M. Stigma, perceived blame, self-blame, and depressive symptoms in men with colorectal cancer. Psychooncology, 2013; 22(1):65–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.2048
  • Ernst J, Mehnert A, Dietz A, Hornemann B, Esser P. Perceived stigmatization and its impact on quality of life – results from a large register-based study including breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer patients. BMC cancer, 2017; 17(1):741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3742-2
  • Sette CP, Capitão CG, Carvalho DFL. Depressive symptoms in patients with cancer. Open J Med Psychol, 2016;5:7-16.
  • Ohaeri BM, Ofi AB & Campbell OB. Relationship of knowledge of psychosocial issues about cancer with psychic distress and adjustment among breast cancer clinic attendees in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Psycho-Oncology, 2012; 21(4): 419–426.
  • Shiri FH, Mohtashami J, Nasiri M, Manoochehri H, Rohani C. Stigma and related factors in Iranian people with cancer. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 2018;19(8):2285.
  • Cho J, Smith K, Choi EK, et al. Public Attitudes Toward Cancer and Cancer Patients: A National Survey in Korea. Psycho Oncology, 2013;22(3): 605–613
  • Yılmaz M, Dişsiz G, Göçmen F, Usluoğlu A, Alacacıoğlu A. Kansere İlişkin Tutumlari (Kanser Damgasi) Ölçme Anketi- Toplum Versiyonu’nun Türkçe Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalişmasi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2017; 20(2): 99-106.
  • Fujisawa D, Hagiwara N. Cancer stigma and its health consequences. Curr Breast Cancer Rep, 2015;7: 143–50.
  • Badihian Sh, Choi E-K, Kim M-R, et al. Attitudes toward cancer and cancer patients in an Urban Iranian population. Oncologist, 2017; 22: 1–7.
  • Akbari ME. Cancer and Emotion; the Scope of Psycho-Socio-Oncology. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2010; 3: e80661.
  • Holwerda N, Sanderman R, Pool G, Hinnen C, Langendijk JA, Bemelman WA, Sprangers MA. Do patients trust their physician? The role of attachment style in the patient-physician relationship within one year after a cancer diagnosis. Acta Oncologica, 2013; 52(1): 110–117.
  • Hillen MA, de Haes HC, & Smets EM. Cancer patients' trust in their physician-a review. Psycho-Oncology, 2011; 20(3): 227–241.
  • Huang Z, Yu T, Wu S, Hu A. Correlates of stigma for patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer, 2021; 29(3):1195-1203. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05780-8.
  • Tang Wz, Yusuf A, Jia K et al. Correlates of stigma for patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer, 2023; 31: 55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-07506-4
  • Kuralay Ç, İşcan Ayyıldız N, Evcimen H. Kanser Etkinliğine Katilan Bireylerin Kansere İlişkin Tutumlarinin Belirlenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2021; 24(4): 531-538.
  • Öztürk A, Doğaner A, Ba, Z & Geçkil Koskoca E. Kanser ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Damgalama Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 2019; 5(44): 5038-5047.
  • Molavi Vardanjani H, Baneshi MR, Haghdoost A. Cancer visibility among Iranian familial networks: To what extent can we rely on family history reports?. PLoS One, 2015; 10: e0136038.
  • Marlow LAV, Wardle J. Development of a scale to assess cancer stigma in the non-patient population. BMC Cancer, 2014; 14: 285
  • Edelen MO, Chandra A, Stucky B, et al. Developing a global cancer stigma index. SAGE Open, 2014;10: 1–9.
  • Vrinten C, Gallagher A, Waller J, Marlow LAV. Cancer stigma and cancer screening attendance: a population based survey in England. BMC Cancer, 2019; 19(1):566. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5787-x.
  • Mosher CE, Danoff-Burg S. Death anxiety and cancer-related stigma: a terror management analysis. Death Studies, 2007; 31:885–907.
  • Schulte A. Consensus versus disagreement in disease-related stigma: a comparison of reactions to AIDS and cancer patients. Sociol Perspect, 2002; 45:81–104.
  • Karakaş N, Çevik Aktura S, Özden G, Çitlik Saritaş S. Examining the Relationship Between Perception of Cancer and Empathy: Descriptive Research. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci, 2023; 15(2):446-52

Stigma Attitudes of Faculty of Health Sciences Students Towards Cancer and Cancer Patients and Affecting Factors

Year 2024, , 36 - 44, 28.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1364399

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine university students' stigma attitudes towards cancer and cancer patients and
the factors affecting them.
Material and Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of 354 students. Data were collected using a personal information form and the Attitudes Toward Cancer (Cancer Stigma) Questionnaire-Community Version.
Results: Of the students who participated in the study, 65% were female and the majority (97.5%) were single. The mean age of the students was 21.75±9.67 years. There was a significant difference between gender and discrimination sub- dimension, revealing/disseminating cancer diagnosis sub-dimension and scale total mean score. It was found that the mean total score of the sub-dimension of the impossibility of recovery was higher in those who did not have chronic disease than in those who did. It was found that those who had cancer patients in their close relatives had higher mean total scores in the sub-dimension of impossibility of recovery compared to those who did not have cancer patients. It was found that as the mother's education level increased, negative attitudes towards 'impossibility of recovery' also increased. Similarly, as the father's education level increased, negative attitudes towards 'impossibility of recovery' also increased. It was also found that as the father's level of education increased, negative attitudes towards 'revealing and spreading the diagnosis of cancer' decreased. In terms of students, it was found that negative attitudes towards 'revealing and spreading the diagnosis of cancer' increased as the grade level increased.
Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that there was a relationship between cancer stigma and gender, presence of chronic disease, class, parental education level, economic status, place of residence and department of study.

Project Number

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References

  • World Health Organization. Cancer Fact Sheet March, 2021. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer Erişim Tarihi: 06.08.2021
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Türkiye kanser istatistikleri, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/kanser-db/istatistik/Trkiye_Kanser_statistikleri_2016.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 07.02.2021
  • Tang P-L MDK, Chou F-H, Hsiao K-Y. The experience of cancer stigma in Taiwan: A qualitative study of female cancer patients. Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 2015; 30: 204-9.
  • Cataldo JK, Slaughter R, Jahan TM, Pongquan VL, & Hwang W J. Measuring stigma in people with lung cancer: Psychometric testing of the Cataldo lung cancer stigma scale. Oncology Nursing Forum, 2011; 38(1): 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1188/11.ONF.E46-E54
  • Suwankhong D, Liamputtong P. Breast cancer treatment experiences of changes and social stigma among Thai women in southern Thailand. Cancer Nurs, 2015; 15: 1-8.
  • Zamani LPS, Farahani M. (2012). The cancer stigma: more terrible than disease. http://congress.mums.ac.ir//erepository/archive/103/papers/60266.
  • Cho J, Choi EK, Shin DW, Cho B, Kim C, Koh DH et al. Association Between Cancer Stigma and Depression among Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Survey in Korea. Psycho‐Oncology, 2013; 22.10: 2372-8.
  • Yilmaz M, Dissiz G, Usluoglu AK, Iriz S, Demir F, Alacacioglu A. Cancer-related stigma and depression in cancer patients in a middle-income country. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs, 2010; 7(1):95–102. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_45_19
  • Phelan SM, Griffin JM, Jackson GL, Zafar SY, Hellerstedt W, Stahre M, Nelson D, Zullig LL, Burgess DJ, van Ryn M. Stigma, perceived blame, self-blame, and depressive symptoms in men with colorectal cancer. Psychooncology, 2013; 22(1):65–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.2048
  • Ernst J, Mehnert A, Dietz A, Hornemann B, Esser P. Perceived stigmatization and its impact on quality of life – results from a large register-based study including breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer patients. BMC cancer, 2017; 17(1):741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3742-2
  • Sette CP, Capitão CG, Carvalho DFL. Depressive symptoms in patients with cancer. Open J Med Psychol, 2016;5:7-16.
  • Ohaeri BM, Ofi AB & Campbell OB. Relationship of knowledge of psychosocial issues about cancer with psychic distress and adjustment among breast cancer clinic attendees in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Psycho-Oncology, 2012; 21(4): 419–426.
  • Shiri FH, Mohtashami J, Nasiri M, Manoochehri H, Rohani C. Stigma and related factors in Iranian people with cancer. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 2018;19(8):2285.
  • Cho J, Smith K, Choi EK, et al. Public Attitudes Toward Cancer and Cancer Patients: A National Survey in Korea. Psycho Oncology, 2013;22(3): 605–613
  • Yılmaz M, Dişsiz G, Göçmen F, Usluoğlu A, Alacacıoğlu A. Kansere İlişkin Tutumlari (Kanser Damgasi) Ölçme Anketi- Toplum Versiyonu’nun Türkçe Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalişmasi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2017; 20(2): 99-106.
  • Fujisawa D, Hagiwara N. Cancer stigma and its health consequences. Curr Breast Cancer Rep, 2015;7: 143–50.
  • Badihian Sh, Choi E-K, Kim M-R, et al. Attitudes toward cancer and cancer patients in an Urban Iranian population. Oncologist, 2017; 22: 1–7.
  • Akbari ME. Cancer and Emotion; the Scope of Psycho-Socio-Oncology. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2010; 3: e80661.
  • Holwerda N, Sanderman R, Pool G, Hinnen C, Langendijk JA, Bemelman WA, Sprangers MA. Do patients trust their physician? The role of attachment style in the patient-physician relationship within one year after a cancer diagnosis. Acta Oncologica, 2013; 52(1): 110–117.
  • Hillen MA, de Haes HC, & Smets EM. Cancer patients' trust in their physician-a review. Psycho-Oncology, 2011; 20(3): 227–241.
  • Huang Z, Yu T, Wu S, Hu A. Correlates of stigma for patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer, 2021; 29(3):1195-1203. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05780-8.
  • Tang Wz, Yusuf A, Jia K et al. Correlates of stigma for patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer, 2023; 31: 55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-07506-4
  • Kuralay Ç, İşcan Ayyıldız N, Evcimen H. Kanser Etkinliğine Katilan Bireylerin Kansere İlişkin Tutumlarinin Belirlenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2021; 24(4): 531-538.
  • Öztürk A, Doğaner A, Ba, Z & Geçkil Koskoca E. Kanser ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Damgalama Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 2019; 5(44): 5038-5047.
  • Molavi Vardanjani H, Baneshi MR, Haghdoost A. Cancer visibility among Iranian familial networks: To what extent can we rely on family history reports?. PLoS One, 2015; 10: e0136038.
  • Marlow LAV, Wardle J. Development of a scale to assess cancer stigma in the non-patient population. BMC Cancer, 2014; 14: 285
  • Edelen MO, Chandra A, Stucky B, et al. Developing a global cancer stigma index. SAGE Open, 2014;10: 1–9.
  • Vrinten C, Gallagher A, Waller J, Marlow LAV. Cancer stigma and cancer screening attendance: a population based survey in England. BMC Cancer, 2019; 19(1):566. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5787-x.
  • Mosher CE, Danoff-Burg S. Death anxiety and cancer-related stigma: a terror management analysis. Death Studies, 2007; 31:885–907.
  • Schulte A. Consensus versus disagreement in disease-related stigma: a comparison of reactions to AIDS and cancer patients. Sociol Perspect, 2002; 45:81–104.
  • Karakaş N, Çevik Aktura S, Özden G, Çitlik Saritaş S. Examining the Relationship Between Perception of Cancer and Empathy: Descriptive Research. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci, 2023; 15(2):446-52
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases Nursing​
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Melike Demir Doğan 0000-0001-7051-2202

Aleyna Hal 0009-0000-1715-7387

Bengü Yücebıyık 0009-0005-6458-3422

Project Number yok
Publication Date March 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Demir Doğan, M., Hal, A., & Yücebıyık, B. (2024). Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 15(1), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1364399
AMA Demir Doğan M, Hal A, Yücebıyık B. Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler. TJCL. March 2024;15(1):36-44. doi:10.18663/tjcl.1364399
Chicago Demir Doğan, Melike, Aleyna Hal, and Bengü Yücebıyık. “Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 15, no. 1 (March 2024): 36-44. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1364399.
EndNote Demir Doğan M, Hal A, Yücebıyık B (March 1, 2024) Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 15 1 36–44.
IEEE M. Demir Doğan, A. Hal, and B. Yücebıyık, “Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler”, TJCL, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 36–44, 2024, doi: 10.18663/tjcl.1364399.
ISNAD Demir Doğan, Melike et al. “Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 15/1 (March 2024), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1364399.
JAMA Demir Doğan M, Hal A, Yücebıyık B. Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler. TJCL. 2024;15:36–44.
MLA Demir Doğan, Melike et al. “Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, vol. 15, no. 1, 2024, pp. 36-44, doi:10.18663/tjcl.1364399.
Vancouver Demir Doğan M, Hal A, Yücebıyık B. Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kanser Ve Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Stigma Tutumları Ve Etkileyen Etmenler. TJCL. 2024;15(1):36-44.


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