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The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality

Year 2016, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 10 - 18, 24.02.2016
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.90717

Abstract

Aim: Contemporarily, burn patients are lost mostly due to emerging infections following burns. The aim of this study is to reveal causative agents of infections and their effects on mortality in hospitalized burn patients in our  children burn center.

Material and method: In our study, the files and computer records of the 503 children who were hospitalized in our children burn center between January 2009 and August 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients’ characteristics including age, sex, cause of burn, percentage of burn, the number of hospitalization days, whether or not an infection occured, blood tests, wound swabs, urine and catheter cultures,whether or not antibiotics and / or antifungal therapy was received were evaluated, retrospectively.

Results: Our mortality rate was found 2.2% (n=11). The most frequent cause of death was found as infections (54.5% ; n=6). In wound cultures of six patients who died due to infections, the most isolated bacteria was Acinetobacter baumannii (28.6%), in blood cultures the most isolated bacteria was Pseudomonas aureginosa (21.4%), and in catheter cultures Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida spp.,  Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were isolated in equal proportions.

Conclusion: Burn patients form the group with high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients in the hospital setting. Infections in pediatric burn patients continue to be the most common cause of morbidity and mortality.

 

Key words: Children, burn, culture, infection, sepsis, mortality.

References

  • Barret-Nerín JP, Herndon DN. Initial Management and Resuscitation. Principles and practice of burn surgery. 1.st ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; p. 1-23.
  • Sharma B.R. Infection in patients with severe burns: causes and prevention thereof. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 745-759.
  • Oral Öncül. Yanık enfeksiyonları. İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Etkinlikleri. Hastane Enfeksiyonları: Korunma Ve Kontrol. Sempozyum Dizisi No:60 Ocak 2008; S.105-119.
  • Peck MD, Heimbach DM: Does early excision of burn wounds change the pattern of mortality?. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 7-10.
  • Robert L. Sheridan. Sepsis in pediatric burn patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005 Vol. 6, No. 3 (Suppl.). DOI: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000161577.27849.
  • Weber JM, Sheridan RL, Pasternack MS, Tompkins RG. Nosocomial infections in pediatric patients with burns. Am J Infect Control 1997; 25: 195-201.
  • Rosanova MT, Stamboulian D, Lede R. Infections in burned children: epidemiological and risk factor analysis. Arch Argent Pediatr 2013; 111; 303-8.
  • Ekiz F. Inhalation injury. Türkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci 2007; 3: 73-5.
  • Senel E, Yasti AC, Reis E, Doganay M, Karacan CD, Kama NA. Effects on mortality of changing trends in the management of burned children in Turkey: Eight years’ experience. Burns 2009; 35: 372-7.
  • Aygıt AC, Pilancı Ö, Mercan EŞ. Evaluation of burn wound infection among patients in the age range of 0-12 years in a burn unit. JAREM. 2012; 2: 55-8.
  • Tekin R, Yolbaş İ, Selçuk CT, Güneş A, Özhasanekler A, Aldemir M. An evaluation of pediatric burn patients over a 15 year period. Turk J Trau Emerg Surg 2012; 18: 514-8.
  • Bayram Y, Parlak M, Aypak C, Bayram İ. Three-year Review of Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Burn Wound Isolates in Van, Turkey. International Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013; 10(1):19-23. doi: 10.7150/ijms.4723
  • Srinivasan S, Vartak AM, Patil A, Saldanha J. Bacteriology of the burn wound at the Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for children, Mumbai, India-A 13-year study, Part I-Bacteriological profile. Indian J Plast Surg 2009; 42: 213-8.
  • Agnihotri N, Gupta V, Joshi RM. Aerobic bacterial isolates from burn wound infections and their antibiograms, a five-year study. Burns 2004; 30: 241-3. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2003.11.010.
  • Qader AR, Muhamad JA. Nosocomial infection in Sulaimani burn hospital, Iraq. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters 2010; 23: 177-181.
  • Gastmeier P, Weigt O, Rüden H. Comparison of hospital-acquired infection rates in pediatric burn patients. Journal of hospital infection 2002; 52: 161-5.
  • de Macedo JL, Santos JB. Bacterial and fungal colonization of burn wounds. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005; 100: 535-539.
  • Guggenheim M, Zbinden R, Handschin AE, et al. Changes in bacterial isolates from burn wounds and their antibiograms:A 20-year study (1986–2005). Burns 2009; 35: 553-60.
  • Yastı AÇ, Kabalak AA. Yanık hastalarda enfeksiyon etkenleri ve mortaliteye etkileri. Yoğun Bakım Derg 2012; 1: 1-4.
  • Barlas N, Savaf L, Yıldırım S. Yanık ünitesindeki hastalardan izole edilen bakterilerin dağılımı ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa türlerinın antibiyotiklere duyarlılıkları. X. Klinik Mikrobiyoloji ve İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları Kongresi (15-19 Ekim 2001, Adana) Program’da. İstanbul: KLİMİK Derneği, 2001: 304.
  • Çiftçi A, Aksaray S, Cesur S. Yanık ünitesinde yatan hastaların yara ve kan kültürlerinden izole edilen mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkları. İnfeks Der 2003; 17: 293-6.
  • Chung DH, Herndon DN. Burns. In Aschcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. Holcomb GW, Murphy P (Editors), Saunders-Elsevier, Philadelphia. 2012. P 154-164.
  • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1546-54.
  • Ludwik K. Branski, Ahmed Al-Mousawi, Haidy Rivero, Marc G. Jeschke, Arthur P. Sanford, and David N. Herndon. Emerging Infections in Burns. Surgıcal Infectıons. Volume 10, Number 5, 2009. 389-397. DOI: 10.1089 = sur.2009.024.
  • Sakallıoğlu AE, Başaran Ö, Tarım A, Türk E, Kut A, Haberal M. Burns in Turkish children and adolescents: Nine years of experience. Burns 2007; 33: 46-51.
  • de Macedo JL, Rosa SC, Castro C. Sepsis in burned patients. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2003; 36: 647-52.
  • Bang RL, Sharma PN, Sanyal SC, Sarla Bang S, Ebrahim MK. Burn Septicaemia in Kuwait: Associated Demographic and Clinical Factors. Med Princ Pract 2004; 13: 136-41.
  • Oral ÖNCÜL. Yanık İnfeksiyonları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci 2007; 3: 41-5.
  • Dean DA, Burchard KW. Fungal infection in surgical patients. Am J Surg 1996; 171: 374-82.
  • Gang RK, Bang RL, Sanyal SC, Mokaddas E, Lari AR. Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicaemia in burns. Burns 1999; 25: 611-6.
  • Kolmos HJ, Thuesen B, Nielsen SV, Lohmann M, Kristoffersen K, Rosdahl VT. Outbreak of infection in a burn unit due to Pseudomonas aeruginosaoriginating from contaminated tubing used for irrigation of patients. J Hosp Infect 1993; 24: 11-21.
  • Richard P, Le Floch R, Catherine C, Pannier M, Espaze E, Richet H. Pseudomonas aeruginosaoutbreak in a burn unit: role of antimicrobials in the emergence of multiple resistant strains. J Infect Dis 1994; 170: 377-83.
  • Geyik MF, Aldemir M, Hosoglu S, Tacyildiz HI. Epidemiology of burn unit infections in children. Am J Infect Control 2003; 31: 342-6.
  • Leseva M, Arguirova M, Nashev D, Zamfirova E, Hadzhyiski O. Nosocomial infections in burn patients: Etiology, antimicrobial resistance, means to control. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters - Vol. XXVI - n. 1 - March 2013.

Bir çocuk yanık merkezinde hastaların kültürlerinde üreyen mikroorganizmalar ve mortaliteye etkileri

Year 2016, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 10 - 18, 24.02.2016
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.90717

Abstract

Amaç: Günümüzde, yanık hastaları en çok yanığı takiben gelişen enfeksiyonlar nedeni ile kaybedilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çocuk yanık merkezimizde yatarak tedavi gören hastalarda görülen enfeksiyon etkenlerini ve mortaliteye etkilerini ortaya koymaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda, çocuk yanık yoğun merkezimizde Ocak 2009 ve Ağustos 2013 tarihleri arasında yatarak tedavi gören 503 çocuk yanık hastasının dosyaları ve bilgisayar kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, yanık alanı, yanık nedeni, yanık yüzdesi, yattığı gün sayısı, enfeksiyon geçirip geçirmediği, kan testleri, yara sürüntüsü, idrar ve kateter kültürleri, antibiyotik ve/veya antifungal tedavi alıp almadığı verileri incelendi.

Bulgular: Mortalite oranımız %2,2 (n=11) olarak bulundu. Hastaların en sık görülen ölüm nedeni (%54.5, n=6) enfeksiyonlar idi. Kaybedilen altı hastanın yara kültürlerinde en sık üreyen mikroorganizma Acinetobacter baumannii (%28,6), kan kültürlerinde en sık üreyen mikroorganizma Psödomonas aureginosa (%21,4), kateter kültürlerinde ise Acinetobacterbaumannii, Candida türleri,  Enterococcus türleri ve Streptococcus türleri eşit oranda üredi.  

Sonuçlar: Yanık hastaları hastane ortamında yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye sahip kritik hasta grubunu oluştururlar. Çocuk yanık hastalarında enfeksiyonlar, morbidite ve mortalitenin en sık nedeni olmaya devam etmektedirler.

 Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuklar, yanık, kültür, enfeksiyon, sepsis, mortalite.

References

  • Barret-Nerín JP, Herndon DN. Initial Management and Resuscitation. Principles and practice of burn surgery. 1.st ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; p. 1-23.
  • Sharma B.R. Infection in patients with severe burns: causes and prevention thereof. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 745-759.
  • Oral Öncül. Yanık enfeksiyonları. İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Etkinlikleri. Hastane Enfeksiyonları: Korunma Ve Kontrol. Sempozyum Dizisi No:60 Ocak 2008; S.105-119.
  • Peck MD, Heimbach DM: Does early excision of burn wounds change the pattern of mortality?. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 7-10.
  • Robert L. Sheridan. Sepsis in pediatric burn patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005 Vol. 6, No. 3 (Suppl.). DOI: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000161577.27849.
  • Weber JM, Sheridan RL, Pasternack MS, Tompkins RG. Nosocomial infections in pediatric patients with burns. Am J Infect Control 1997; 25: 195-201.
  • Rosanova MT, Stamboulian D, Lede R. Infections in burned children: epidemiological and risk factor analysis. Arch Argent Pediatr 2013; 111; 303-8.
  • Ekiz F. Inhalation injury. Türkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci 2007; 3: 73-5.
  • Senel E, Yasti AC, Reis E, Doganay M, Karacan CD, Kama NA. Effects on mortality of changing trends in the management of burned children in Turkey: Eight years’ experience. Burns 2009; 35: 372-7.
  • Aygıt AC, Pilancı Ö, Mercan EŞ. Evaluation of burn wound infection among patients in the age range of 0-12 years in a burn unit. JAREM. 2012; 2: 55-8.
  • Tekin R, Yolbaş İ, Selçuk CT, Güneş A, Özhasanekler A, Aldemir M. An evaluation of pediatric burn patients over a 15 year period. Turk J Trau Emerg Surg 2012; 18: 514-8.
  • Bayram Y, Parlak M, Aypak C, Bayram İ. Three-year Review of Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Burn Wound Isolates in Van, Turkey. International Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013; 10(1):19-23. doi: 10.7150/ijms.4723
  • Srinivasan S, Vartak AM, Patil A, Saldanha J. Bacteriology of the burn wound at the Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for children, Mumbai, India-A 13-year study, Part I-Bacteriological profile. Indian J Plast Surg 2009; 42: 213-8.
  • Agnihotri N, Gupta V, Joshi RM. Aerobic bacterial isolates from burn wound infections and their antibiograms, a five-year study. Burns 2004; 30: 241-3. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2003.11.010.
  • Qader AR, Muhamad JA. Nosocomial infection in Sulaimani burn hospital, Iraq. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters 2010; 23: 177-181.
  • Gastmeier P, Weigt O, Rüden H. Comparison of hospital-acquired infection rates in pediatric burn patients. Journal of hospital infection 2002; 52: 161-5.
  • de Macedo JL, Santos JB. Bacterial and fungal colonization of burn wounds. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005; 100: 535-539.
  • Guggenheim M, Zbinden R, Handschin AE, et al. Changes in bacterial isolates from burn wounds and their antibiograms:A 20-year study (1986–2005). Burns 2009; 35: 553-60.
  • Yastı AÇ, Kabalak AA. Yanık hastalarda enfeksiyon etkenleri ve mortaliteye etkileri. Yoğun Bakım Derg 2012; 1: 1-4.
  • Barlas N, Savaf L, Yıldırım S. Yanık ünitesindeki hastalardan izole edilen bakterilerin dağılımı ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa türlerinın antibiyotiklere duyarlılıkları. X. Klinik Mikrobiyoloji ve İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları Kongresi (15-19 Ekim 2001, Adana) Program’da. İstanbul: KLİMİK Derneği, 2001: 304.
  • Çiftçi A, Aksaray S, Cesur S. Yanık ünitesinde yatan hastaların yara ve kan kültürlerinden izole edilen mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkları. İnfeks Der 2003; 17: 293-6.
  • Chung DH, Herndon DN. Burns. In Aschcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. Holcomb GW, Murphy P (Editors), Saunders-Elsevier, Philadelphia. 2012. P 154-164.
  • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1546-54.
  • Ludwik K. Branski, Ahmed Al-Mousawi, Haidy Rivero, Marc G. Jeschke, Arthur P. Sanford, and David N. Herndon. Emerging Infections in Burns. Surgıcal Infectıons. Volume 10, Number 5, 2009. 389-397. DOI: 10.1089 = sur.2009.024.
  • Sakallıoğlu AE, Başaran Ö, Tarım A, Türk E, Kut A, Haberal M. Burns in Turkish children and adolescents: Nine years of experience. Burns 2007; 33: 46-51.
  • de Macedo JL, Rosa SC, Castro C. Sepsis in burned patients. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2003; 36: 647-52.
  • Bang RL, Sharma PN, Sanyal SC, Sarla Bang S, Ebrahim MK. Burn Septicaemia in Kuwait: Associated Demographic and Clinical Factors. Med Princ Pract 2004; 13: 136-41.
  • Oral ÖNCÜL. Yanık İnfeksiyonları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci 2007; 3: 41-5.
  • Dean DA, Burchard KW. Fungal infection in surgical patients. Am J Surg 1996; 171: 374-82.
  • Gang RK, Bang RL, Sanyal SC, Mokaddas E, Lari AR. Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicaemia in burns. Burns 1999; 25: 611-6.
  • Kolmos HJ, Thuesen B, Nielsen SV, Lohmann M, Kristoffersen K, Rosdahl VT. Outbreak of infection in a burn unit due to Pseudomonas aeruginosaoriginating from contaminated tubing used for irrigation of patients. J Hosp Infect 1993; 24: 11-21.
  • Richard P, Le Floch R, Catherine C, Pannier M, Espaze E, Richet H. Pseudomonas aeruginosaoutbreak in a burn unit: role of antimicrobials in the emergence of multiple resistant strains. J Infect Dis 1994; 170: 377-83.
  • Geyik MF, Aldemir M, Hosoglu S, Tacyildiz HI. Epidemiology of burn unit infections in children. Am J Infect Control 2003; 31: 342-6.
  • Leseva M, Arguirova M, Nashev D, Zamfirova E, Hadzhyiski O. Nosocomial infections in burn patients: Etiology, antimicrobial resistance, means to control. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters - Vol. XXVI - n. 1 - March 2013.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Orıgınal Artıcle
Authors

Sabri Demir

Emrah Şenel

Publication Date February 24, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Demir, S., & Şenel, E. (2016). The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 7(1), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.90717
AMA Demir S, Şenel E. The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality. TJCL. February 2016;7(1):10-18. doi:10.18663/tjcl.90717
Chicago Demir, Sabri, and Emrah Şenel. “The Microorganisms Isolated from patients’ Cultures in a Cild Burn Center and Its Impact to Mortality”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 7, no. 1 (February 2016): 10-18. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.90717.
EndNote Demir S, Şenel E (February 1, 2016) The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 7 1 10–18.
IEEE S. Demir and E. Şenel, “The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality”, TJCL, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 10–18, 2016, doi: 10.18663/tjcl.90717.
ISNAD Demir, Sabri - Şenel, Emrah. “The Microorganisms Isolated from patients’ Cultures in a Cild Burn Center and Its Impact to Mortality”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 7/1 (February 2016), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.90717.
JAMA Demir S, Şenel E. The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality. TJCL. 2016;7:10–18.
MLA Demir, Sabri and Emrah Şenel. “The Microorganisms Isolated from patients’ Cultures in a Cild Burn Center and Its Impact to Mortality”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, vol. 7, no. 1, 2016, pp. 10-18, doi:10.18663/tjcl.90717.
Vancouver Demir S, Şenel E. The microorganisms isolated from patients’ cultures in a cild burn center and its impact to mortality. TJCL. 2016;7(1):10-8.


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