DOSE CONTROL LEVELS IN CONTAMINATED FOODSTUFFS WITH RADIONUCLIDES AND A SAMPLE APPLICATION WITH CHERNOBYL FALLOUT DATA IN TURKEY

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 67 - 79, 31.12.2019

Sevcan Aydın İbrahim Tükenmez

Abstract

Fission,
fussion or activation products consist of nuclear reactions in a nuclear
accident or explosion. These products rise to atmosphere with high pressure and
thermal effect, by concentrating in the atmosphere, they descend to the earth
with the effect of gravity and create the fallout. Some of the radioactive
particles are dispersed from near source circles to the distant surroundings. Dispersed
radionuclides contaminate air, water and soil and harm the human health and
whole ecosystem by emitting radiation. The radioactive contamination and
irradiation dimensions vary in qualitative and quantitative terms according to
the phases of the accident and the distance from the accident site. These
differences are taken into consideration when determining the protection
measures. Pollutants depend on the level of contamination, contamination
routes, the type and timing of protective measures, characteristics of the accident,
geographical location, season, meteorological conditions and agricultural
practices. Radionuclides reach the human from the environment directly or
through different intermediate step food chains. In remote areas, the
consumption of food contaminated with radionuclides should be controlled to
limit or prevent the low irradiation doses that the community receives
indirectly. Although the contamination level of radionuclide reaching human
with the last product can be calculated by transfer parameters, used transfer models may not always
identical to the original. The best way to achieve emergency decision is to determine
derived intervention levels of radionuclide contamination according to the
latest food data. In this study, radioactive contamination levels in basic
foodstuffs in Turkey were investigated with resulting from the global fallout
after Chernobly Reactor Accident.

Keywords

Radionuclide, nucleer accident, fallout, derived intervention levels

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