<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tjse</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2687-6086</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Isparta University of Applied Sciences</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55979/tjse.1327795</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Industrial Crops</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Endüstri Bitkileri</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Effect on Yield and some Quality Characteristics of Nitrogen Fertilizer From Foliar in Different Development Stages of Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.)’ta Farklı Gelişme Dönemlerinde Yapraktan Azotlu Gübrelemenin Verim ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisi</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4435-3240</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Özkoç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ayşe Kübra</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-0877</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kara</surname>
                                    <given-names>Nimet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20231229">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>29</month>
                    <year>2023</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>5</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>62</fpage>
                                        <lpage>65</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20230714">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>14</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20231019">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>19</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2019, Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>The research was carried out with aim of examined effects on seed and capsule yield with some alkaloid contents of fertilize with nitrogen treatment from leaves in different development stages of poppy in Isparta conditions in the 2021 year. In the research, in the TMO1 poppy variety, 1.  Control (no N fertilizer), 2. traditional production (half of the nitrogen during sowing and the remaining half during rosette period), 3. stalking period (1/3 of nitrogen during sowing, 1/3 from soil during rosette period, 1/3 from foliar application during the stem period), the 4th budding (1/3 of the nitrogen during sowing, 1/3 from the soil during the rosette stage, 1/3 from foliar application during the budding period) and the 5th post-flowering periods (1/3 of nitrogen during sowing, 1/3 from soil during rosette period and 1/3 foliar application after flowering). According to the research results; While the differences between plant height, number of capsule, capsule width, and capsule length were not significant, the differences between seed yield, capsule yield, nitrogen use efficiency were statistically significant, and as general, it was advised to nitrogen treatment from leaves for capsule yield, seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Araştırma, Isparta koşullarında haşhaşın farklı gelişme dönemlerinde yapraktan azotlu gübre uygulamasının tohum ve kapsül verimi ile bazı alkaloid içeriklerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla 2021 yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada TMO1 haşhaş çeşidine 1. Kontrol (azotsuz), 2. geleneksel üretim (azotun yarısı ekimle birlikte ve kalan yarısı rozet döneminde), 3. sapa kalkma dönemi (azotun 1/3’ü ekimle, 1/3’ü rozet döneminde topraktan ve 1/3’ü sapa kalkma döneminde yapraktan), 4. tomurcuklanma (azotun 1/3’ü ekimle, 1/3’ü rozet döneminde topraktan, 1/3’ü tomurcuklanma döneminde yapraktan) ve 5. çiçeklenme sonrası dönemlerde  (azotun 1/3’ü ekimle, 1/3’ü rozet döneminde ve 1/3’ü çiçeklenme sonrası yapraktan) azot uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre; bitki boyu, kapsül sayısı, kapsül eni, kapsül boyu arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak önemli olmazken, tohum verimi, kapsül verimi ve azot kullanım etkinliği arasındaki farklar önemli olmuş ve genel olarak kapsül verimi, tohum verimi ve azot kullanım etkinliği için yapraktan azot uygulaması önerilmektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>geç azot</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  gelişme dönemleri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Haşhaş</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  yapraktan azot uygulaması</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Late nitrogen</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  development periods</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Poppy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  foliar nitrogen application</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Budzynski, W. (1994). Effects of Method of Cultivation and Nitrogen Application Yield of Two Poppy Varieties. Biuletyn Instytutu Hadawii Aklimaty Zacji Raslin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Coşkun, Y. (2014). Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)’in kışlık ve yazlık ekim olanakları. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(4), 462-468.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dittbrenner, A., Mock, H.P., Börner, A., &amp; Lohwasser, U. (2012). Variability of alkaloid content in Papaver somniferum L. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 82(2), 103-107.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ghiorghiță, G., Niculiță, C., &amp; Balint, S.V. (1990). Influence of self-pollination and of the branching degree on some morpho-physiological indices in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). Revue Roumaine de Biologie. Serie de Biologie Vegetale, 35(1), 67-74.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İpek, G. (2011). Seçilmiş Yüksek Morfinli Haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.) Hatlarının Bazı Bitkisel ve Tarımsal Özellikleri üzerine Araştırmalar. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kacar, B. (2013). Temel Gübre Bilgisi. Nobel Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kara, N. (2017). The effects of autumn and spring sowing on yield, oil and morphine contents in the Turkish poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) cultivars. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 22(1), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.301829</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kara, N., &amp; Baydar, H. (2018). Examining of relationships among traits using correlation, path and principal components analysis methods in Turkish opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) cultivars. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal of Agricultural Sciences),  24(2), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.446462</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Katar, D. (1997). Azotlu Gübre Verme Zamanı ve Miktarının Haşhaşın Verim ve Bazı Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi Gazi Osmanpaşa Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü)</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Krist, S., Stuebiger, G., Unterweger, H., Bandion, F., &amp; Buchbauer, G. (2005). Farklı haşhaş çeşitlerinden (Papaver somniferum L.) ekstrakte edilen tohum yağlarının uçucu bileşiklerinin ve trigliseridlerinin analizi. Tarım ve Gıda Kimyası Dergisi, 53(21), 8310-8316.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lošák, T., &amp; Richter, R. (2004). Split nitrogen doses and their efficiency in poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) nutrition. Plant Soil Environment, 50(11), 484–488.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Müftüoğlu, N.M., &amp; Demirer, T. (1998). Toprakta azot bilançosu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 175-185.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Recous, S., &amp; Machet, J.M. (1999). Short-term immobilisation and crop uptake of fertiliser nitrogen applied to winter wheat: effect of date of application in spring. Plant and Soil, 206, 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004377006602</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Recous, S., Loiseau, P., Machet, J.M., &amp; Mary, B. (1997). Transformations et devenir de l&#039;azote de l&#039;engrais sous cultures annuelles et sous prairies. In Colloques-Inra. (pp. 105-120)</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Savaşlı, E., Çekiç, C., Önder, O., Dayıoğlu, R., Camcı, H., Koşar, F.Ç., Balcı, A., &amp; Kalaycı, M. (2011). Azotlu Gübrelemenin Haşhaş Tohum, Kapsül ve Morfin Oranları Üzerine Etkisi. Uluslararası Katılımlı I. Ali Numan Kıraç Tarım Kongresi ve Fuarı. 27-30 Nisan, Eskişehir, 1-11.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Strong, W.M. (1995). Nitrogen fertilization of upland crops. In Nitrogen Fertilization in the Environment. (pp. 129-169)</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tok, T.T., &amp; Gowder, S.J. (2019). Structural and pharmacological properties of alkaloids with special reference to thebaine type alkaloids. Biomedical Journal of Scientific &amp; Technical Research, 17(3), 12767-12780.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turkhede, B.B., Mathur, V.S., &amp; Ram, S. (1981). Effects of rates, timing and methods of nitrogen application opium seed yield and quality of opium poppy. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 51(2), 102-107.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Üstüner, N., Kolsarıcı, Ö., &amp; Kaya, M. (2008). Farklı gelişme dönemlerinde uygulanan azotlu gübre formlarının kışlık kolza (Brassica napus ssp. Oleifera L.)’nın verim ve verim öğelerin etkileri. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(1-2), 1-6.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yadav, R.L., Mohan, R., Singh, R., &amp; Verma, R.K. (2009). The effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth of opium poppy in north central India. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 102(2), 361-366. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600042684.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
