<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tjse</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2687-6086</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Isparta University of Applied Sciences</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Mühendislik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Comparison of the Biological Diversity Parameters of Hexapoda Species Living on the Soil Surface in Different Ecosystems in Balcalı (Adana)</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Balcalı (Adana)’da Farklı Ekosistemlerdeki Epigean Hexapoda Türlerinin Biyolojik Çeşitlik Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Oğuz</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gülbarış</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİTKİ KORUMA BÖLÜMÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-5195</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aydın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gökhan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ATABEY MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ulusoy</surname>
                                    <given-names>Mehmet Rifat</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİTKİ KORUMA BÖLÜMÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20211222">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>22</month>
                    <year>2021</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>3</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>69</fpage>
                                        <lpage>76</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20210819">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>19</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20210927">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2019, Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Turkish Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This study was carried out in different ecosystems in Adana province Çukurova University Balcalı Campus between October 2017 and September 2018 to compare the biodiversity parameters of Hexapoda species that live on the soil surface in different ecosystems. Field studies were carried out by using the pitfall trap sampling method in a total of 8 different habitats: five agroecosystems (Vegetable, Citrus, Olive, Pomegranate, Vineyard) where agricultural activities are continuing, two pasturelands where agricultural activities are not carried out today and afforestation Area with Pinus brutia.According to Shannon-Wiener (H`) and Simpson Diversity (D) index results, the most diverse habitat was found to be Mr1 with values of 2.011 and 0.8244. The habitat with the lowest calculated diversity index values was the NA sample area, respectively, with 0.7675 and 0.3285. The Simpson values were calculated in the NA habitat with the highest value of 0.6715 depending on the biodiversity parameter results and in the Mr1 habitat with the lowest value of 0.1756. Shannon and Simpson Evenness interspecies population density values were determined in the AAl habitat with 0.9629 and 0.8909. According to Sörenson Similarity index, agroecosystems were found similar to each other. According to this; among citrus and olive agroecosystems, 0.636; among Citrus and Vineyard ecosystems, 0.632; similarity values were determined. The study showed that the natural areas were effective in regaining insect diversity.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Bu çalışma farklı ekosistemlerde yaşamını toprak yüzeyinde sürdüren Hexapoda türlerinin biyolojik çeşitlilik parametrelerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla Ekim 2017-Eylül 2018 yıllarında Adana ili Çukurova Üniversitesi Balcalı Kampüsü’nde farklı ekosistemlerde yapılmıştır. Arazi çalışmaları tarım faaliyetlerinin devam ettiği beş agro-ekosistem (Sebze, Turunçgil, Zeytin, Nar, Bağ), tarım faaliyetlerinin günümüzde yapılmadığı iki mera ve Pinus brutia ile ağaçlandırılmış alan olmak üzere toplamda 8 farklı habitatta çukur tuzak örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak yürütülmüştür.Shannon-Wiener (H`) ve Simpson Çeşitlilik (D) indeks sonuçlarına göre en çeşitli habitatın 2.011 ve 0.8244 değerleri ile Mr1 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Söz konusu çeşitlik indeks değerleri en düşük hesaplanan habitat ise sıraya göre; 0.7675 ve 0.3285 ile NA örnek alanı olmuştur. Simpson değerleri, biyolojik çeşitlilik parametre sonuçlarına bağlı olarak en yüksek 0.6715 değeri ile NA habitatında, en düşük 0.1756 değeri ile Mr1 habitatında hesaplanmıştır. Shannon ve Simpson Evenness türler arası populasyon yoğunluk değerleri 0.9629 ve 0.8909 ile AAl habitatında tespit edilmiştir. Sörenson Benzerlik indeksine göre agro-ekosistemler birbiri ile benzer bulunmuştur. Buna göre; Turunçgil ve Zeytin agro-ekosistemleri 0.636; Turunçgil ve Bağ ekosistemi arasında 0.632 benzerlik değeri tespit edilmiştir.Çalışma, tarım ile yıpranmış ekosistemlerin doğal haline bırakıldıktan uzun yıllar sonra doğal dengenin tekrar yenilenerek böcek biyolojik çeşitliliğine olumlu etkisini ortaya koymuştur.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Hexapoda</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Biyolojik çeşitlilik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Çukur tuzak</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Adana</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Hexapoda</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Biological diversity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Pitfall trap</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Adana</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                    <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Bu çalışma Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü 624324  no’lu proje ile desteklenmiştir</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>624324</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Allaby, M. (1998). Dictionary of Ecology. Oxford University Press, England.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aslan, B., Aslan, E. G., Karaca, I., &amp; Kaya, M. (2008). Kasnak meşesi tabiatı koruma alanında (Isparta) farklı habitatlarda çukur tuzak yöntemi ile yakalanan Carabidae ve Tenebrionidae (coleoptera) türleri ile biyolojik çeşitlilik parametrelerinin karşılaştırması. Suleyman Demirel University Journal of Science, 3(2), 122-132.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G. (2006). Çukurova Deltası’nda Böceklerin Sürdürülebilir Alan Kullanımında Biyolojik Gösterge Olarak Değerlendirilme Olanakları. Doktora Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Fakültesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G. (2011). Biyolojik Çeşitlilikte Bitki-Böcek Etkileşimi: Tarım Alanları, Doğal ve Yarı Doğal Habitatlar. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(3), 178-185</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G. (2017) Farklı Ekosistemlerde Böcek Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması. 4.Ulusal Meslek Yüksekokulları Sosyal ve Teknik Bilimler Kongresi, 662-671</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G. (2018). Determination of Indicator Species in Coastal Successions in Tentsmuir National Nature Reserves (NNR), Scotland. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 27(7), 5037-5044.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G., &amp; Karaca, İ. (2009). Balcalı-Adana’da Farklı Habitatlarda Çukur Tuzak Örnekleme Yöntemi Kullanılarak Hesaplanan Biyolojik çeşitlilik Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması. 5.Ulusal Meslek Yüksekokulları Sempozyumu, 163-177.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G., &amp; Karaca, İ. (2018). The Effects of Pesticide Application on Biological Diversity of Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 27(12A), 9112-9118.
 
Aydın, G., &amp; Kazak, C. (2007). Çukurova Deltası (Adana) biyotoplarında böceklerin farklı insan aktivitelerine biyolojik gösterge olarak kullanılma olanakları. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 31(2), 111-128.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G., &amp; Kazak, C. (2010). Selecting Indicator Species Habitat Description and Sustainable Land Utilization: A Case Study in a Mediterranean Delta. International Journal of Agriculture &amp; Biology 12(6), 931-934.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, G., Sekeroğlu E., &amp; Arndt, E. (2005). Tiger Beetles as Bioindicators of Habitat Degradation in the Çukurova Delta, Southern Turkey (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). Zoology in the Middle East 36(3), 51-58.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Benton, T. G., Bryant, D. M., Cole, L., &amp; Crick, H. Q. (2002). Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades. Journal of Applied Ecology, 39(4), 673-687.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Borgelt, A., &amp; New, T. R. (2006). Pitfall trapping for ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in mesic Australia: what is the best trapping period? Journal of Insect Conservation, 10(1), 75-77.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Borror, D. J., Delong, M. D., &amp; Triplehorn, C. A. (1981). An Introduction to the Study of Insects. Sounders Collelege Publishing. Philadelphia, 827.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cranston, P. S. (2000). Monsoonal tropical Tanytarsus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) reviewed: New species, life histories and significance as aquatic environmental indicators. Australian Journal of Entomology, 39(3), 138-159.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çepel, N. (2003). Ekolojik Sorunlar ve Çözümleri. Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları, Aydoğdu Matbaası, Ankara, 183 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Deichmann, J.L., Gatty, C.A., Navarro, J.M.A., Alanso, A., Linores-Palomino, R., &amp; Longcore, T. (2021). Reducing the blue spectrum of artificial light at night minimises insect attraction in a tropical lowloan forest. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 14(2), 247-259. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12479</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demir, Ü., &amp; Aydın, G. (2020). Antalya Kurşunlu Şelalesi Tabiat Parkında insan aktivitesinin böcek biyolojik çeşitliliğine etkisinin araştırılması. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 21(4), 349-354. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.672974</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demirezer, P., &amp; Kornoşor, S. (2006). Balcalı (Adana)’da Farklı Habitatlardaki Gece Aktif Lepidoptera Türleri ve Biyolojik Çeşitliliği Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dinç Ortaç, Ö., Yaşar, B., &amp; Aydın, G. (2015). Organik ve Konvansiyonel Yağ Gülü Rosa damascena Miller (Rosales: Rosaceae) Yetiştirilen Alanlarda Böcek Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Değerlerinin Karşılaştırılması: Isparta Örneği. Journal of Natural &amp; Applied Sciences, 19(2), 161-173.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dudgeon, D. (2006). The impacts of human disturbance on stream benthic invertebrates and their drift in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Freshwater biology, 51(9), 1710-1729.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Duelli, P. (1997). Biodiversity evaluation in agricultural landscapes: an approach at two different scales. Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment, 62(2-3), 81-91.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Duelli, P., &amp; Obrist, M. K. (2003). Regional biodiversity in an agricultural landscape: the contribution of seminatural habitat islands. Basic and applied ecology, 4(2), 129-138.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Frutiger, A., &amp; Buergisser, G. M. (2002). Life history variability of a grazing stream insect (Liponeura cinerascens minor; Diptera: Blephariceridae). Freshwater Biology, 47(9), 1618-1632.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Grimbacher, P. S., &amp; Stork, N. E. (2007). Vertical stratification of feeding guilds and body size in beetle assemblages from an Australian tropical rainforest. Austral Ecology, 32(1), 77-85.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Heimann, D. (2004). EvenDiv 1.1. Based on a DBase Program Code Supplied by Jörg Perner and Martin Schnitter. Institute of Ecology, University of Jena.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kocataş, A. (1999). Ekolojive Çevre biyolojisi ders kitabı, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 564 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kovach, W. L. (1999). MVSP-A MultiVariate Statistical Package for Windows, ver. 3.1 Kovach Computing Services. Pentraeth, Wales, Great Britain.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Krebs, C. J. (1999). Ecological Methodology. An Imprint of Addison Wesley Longman. Inc. MenloPark, 620.
Lodge, D. J., &amp; Cantrell, S. (1995). Diversity of litter agarics at Cuyabeno, Ecuador: calibrating sampling efforts in tropical rainforest. Mycologist, 9(4), 149-151.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Magurran, A. E. (1988). Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princeton university press., 179 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Magurran, A. E. (2004). Measuring biological diversity. Blackwell Science Ltd., 256 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">New, T.R. (1988). Invertebrate Surveys for Conservations. Oxford University Press. 240 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Petit, S., Firbank, L., Wyatt, B., &amp; Howard, D. (2001). MIRABEL: models for integrated review and assessment of biodiversity in European landscapes. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 30(2), 81-88.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Raposa, K. B., Roman, C. T., &amp; Heltshe, J. F. (2003). Monitoring nekton as a bioindicator in shallow estuarine habitats. In Coastal Monitoring through Partnerships, Springer, Dordrecht, 239-255.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reddy, B. T., &amp; Giraddi, R. S. (2019). Diversity studies on insect communities in organic, conservation and conventional farming systems under rain-fed conditions.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ryder, C., Moran, J., Mc Donnell, R., &amp; Gormally, M. (2005). Conservation implications of grazing practices on the plant and dipteran communities of a turlough in Co. Mayo, Ireland. Biodiversity &amp; Conservation, 14(1), 187-204.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sánchez, H. Á. (2004). La agricultura en las ciudades y su periferia: un enfoque desde la Geografía. Investigaciones Geográficas, 53, 98-121.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Southwood, T. R. (1971). Ecological methods with particular reference to the study of insect populations. Chapman and Hall., 391 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tuck, S. L., Winqvist, C., Mota, F., Ahnström, J., Turnbull, L. A., &amp; Bengtsson, J. (2014). Land‐use intensity and the effects of organic farming on biodiversity: a hierarchical meta‐analysis. Journal of applied ecology, 51(3), 746-755.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Veličković, M., Golijan, J., &amp; Popović, A. (2016). Biodiversity and organic agriculture. Acta Agriculturae Serbica, 21(42), 123-134.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wilson, E. O. (1997). Biodiversity II. ML Reaka-Kudla, DE Wilson &amp; EO Wilson,(Editors). Biodiversity II: Undurstanding and Protecting Our Biological Resources, 1-3 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wilson, E. O. (1999). Biological diversity: The oldest human heritage (No. 34). New York State Museum, 72 pp.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yanoviak, S. P., Nadkarni, N. M., &amp; Solano J, R. (2007). Arthropod assemblages in epiphyte mats of Costa Rican cloud forests. Biotropica, 39(2), 202-210.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
