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THE POSSIBILITIES OF THE NEW PUBLIC SPACE THROUGH CHANGING DYNAMICS DURING THE COVID 19

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 360 - 377, 01.04.2021

Abstract

The pandemic process experienced on a global scale, together with the health field in which it emerged, directly affected daily life from education to tourism, from production to consumption. This effect has been so great. Even the process of returning to normal starting from the first half of 2020 has been defined as the new normal, not the old normal. The new normal has changed the individual's daily life space and boundaries and imposed restrictions on the use of public exteriors from residential interiors. The change in the use of the space has also changed the relations, communication style, and interaction with space and those who use the space. Relationships and interactions established in daily life have started to be realized almost through residences due to the limitations on public space. Education, work, entertainment, commerce has been started distance and digital environment. This situation causes our behavior and the way we socialize to change. The change in the way people socialize and lifestyle with the epidemic causes changes in the use of public and private spaces. As the dynamics of the city change, these areas need to rethink the designs and develop creative solutions. However, changes that occurred during the epidemic process are not limited to the redesign of the built environment. With the development of communication systems, thanks to technology, people's interaction with each other is not prevented. Moreover, it suggests new socialization methods to facilitate physical distinction. The reflections of this situation, which develops with the constant exposure to technology, on our lives realized in the virtual environment. And these virtual environment appear as online platforms that allow social encounters. With the entry of mass media into the private sphere, the public sphere starts to be everywhere, and people are included in a virtual public sphere through these tools while they are in their private sphere. With the emergence of public spaces in the virtual environment, it is not known what the effects of this situation will lead to changes in spatial organizations. Therefore, within the scope of the study, the effects of the pandemic in urban spaces are tried to be understood. It is discussed how the possibilities of new public spaces occurring in the built environment and virtual environment will change the nature and definition of this concept.

References

  • Abbany, Z. (2020). What do futurists imagine for the post-coronavirus-pandemic world? Deutsche Welle (DW)
  • Ak, E. (2006). Bilgisayar Teknolojisi Eşliğinde Mekân Kavramının Dönüşümü-Yeni Mekân Tanımları (Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Akcan, E. (2020). How to Build a Better World? https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/news/in-news/how-build-better-world Erişim Tarihi: 20.05.2020
  • Berg, R.(2020), How Will COVID-19 Affect Urban Planning? https://thecityfix.com/blog/will-covid-19-affect-urban-planning-rogier-van-den-berg/ Erişim Tarihi: 12.07.2020
  • Designboom, (2020a). Brooklyn Domino Parkı, https://www.designboom.com/design/domino-park-circles-glass-social-distancing-05-19-2020/ Erişim Tarihi: 22.07.2020
  • Designboom,(2020b). Kentsel Mobilya Tasarımları Örnekleri https://www.designboom.com/design/shield-bench-to-fight-covid-19-antonio-lanzillo-partners-04-17-2020/ Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2020
  • Egan, N. (2020). COVID-19 is shaping design of future facilities, https://www.australianageingagenda.com.au/executive/architecture-design/covid-19-is-shaping-design-of-future-facilities/ Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2020
  • Eker, G. (2020). The future of public spaces after pandemic: Ghost Spaces
  • European Environmental Agency, (2020). Air pollution goes down as Europe takes hard measures to combat coronavirus, https://www.eea.europa.eu/highlights/air-pollution-goes-down-as Erişim Tarihi: 6.12.2020
  • Fattah, E. A. (2020). A social Scientist’s look at a global crisis: Reflections on the likely positive impact of the Corona virus. Special Paper: School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
  • Gehl, J. (1987) The Life Between Buildings, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Gehl, J. (2020), Public Space Plays Vital Role In Pandemic, https://gehlpeople.com/blog/public-space-plays-vital-role-in-pandemic. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2020
  • Hanafi, S. (2020). Toward a post-COVID-19 Sociology http://www.journaldumauss.net/?Toward-a-post-COVID-19-Sociology Erişim Tarihi: 23.12.202
  • Harvey, D. (2020). Política anticapitalista em tempos de COVID-19. Sin Permiso, 22.
  • Hbx (2020), HBX Live! Breaking Classroom Boundaries, https://mccannsystems.com/news/hbx-live-breaking-classroom-boundaries/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.11.2020
  • Hoşkara, Ş. (2020). Rethinking the Street Space After COVID-19!
  • Klein, N. (2020). Naomi Klein: How big tech plans to profit from the pandemic? https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/may/13/naomi-klein-how-big-tech-plans-to-profit-from-coronavirus-pandemic Erişim Tarihi: 07.12.2020
  • Litman, T. (2020). Pandemic-Resilient Community Planning. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.
  • Nacto, (2020). Streets for Pandemic Response and Recovery https://nacto.org/publication/streets-for-pandemic-response-recovery/ Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021
  • Özden, K., & Özmat, M. (2014). Salgın ve Kent: 1347 Veba Salgınının Avrupa’da Sosyal, Politik ve Ekonomik Sonuçları. İdealkent, 5(12), 60-87.
  • Özgül, G. E. (2012). Bir görme biçimi olarak yeni medya: Kamusal bir alan imkânının araştırılması. Journal of Yasar University, 26(7), 4526-4547.
  • Ranscombe, P. (2020). Rural areas at risk during COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 545.
  • Ravenscroft, T. (2020). Precht designs Parc de la Distance for outdoor social distancing, https://www.dezeen.com/2020/04/16/studio-precht-parc-de-la-distance-social-distancing-coronavirus/. Erişim Tarihi: 18 Nisan 2020
  • Salama, A. M. (2020). Coronavirus questions that will not go away: interrogating urban and socio-spatial implications of COVID-19 measures. Emerald Open Research, 2.
  • Samuelsson, K., Barthel, S., Colding, J., Macassa, G., & Giusti, M. (2020). Urban nature as a source of resilience during social distancing amidst the coronavirus pandemic.
  • Sennet, R. (2020). Cities in the Pandemic https://www.publicspace.org/web/guest/multimedia/-/post/cities-in-the-pandemic Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2020
  • Süer, D. (2020). Karantina Sonrası Tahayyüllerimiz, Mimarlık Dergisi, 414.
  • Wilford, N. (2008). How epidemics helped shape the modern metropolis, https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/15/health/15iht-15chol.11988148.html?auth=login-google Erişim Tarihi: 22.09.2020
  • WHO (2020). Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: implications for IPC precaution recommendations, https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations. Erişim Tarihi:15.06. 2020
  • Volchenkov, D. (2018). Grammar Of Complexity: From Mathematics to a Sustainable World. World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813232501_0007
  • Zuboff, S. (2015) Big other: Surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization. Journal of Information Technology, 30 (75-89).

COVID 19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDE DEĞİŞEN DİNAMİKLER ÜZERİNDEN YENİ KAMUSAL ALAN OLASILIKLARI

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 360 - 377, 01.04.2021

Abstract

Küresel ölçekte yaşanan pandemi süreci; ortaya çıktığı sağlık alanıyla birlikte eğitimden turizme, üretimden tüketime gündelik yaşamı doğrudan etkilemiştir. Bu etki o kadar büyük olmuştur ki, 2020 yılının ilk yarısından itibaren başlayan normale dönme süreci bile eski normal değil, yeni normal olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yeni normal, bireyin gündelik yaşam alan ve sınırlarını değiştirmiş, konut iç mekânlarından kamusal dış mekânların kullanımına değin geçici bile olsa sınırlamalar getirmiştir. Mekâna ilişkin kullanım şeklinin değişmesi, mekânla ve mekânı kullananlarla olan ilişkileri, iletişim şeklini ve etkileşimi de değiştirmiştir. Gündelik yaşamda kurulan ilişkiler ve etkileşimler, kamusal mekâna getirilen sınırlılıklar nedeniyle neredeyse konutlar üzerinden kurulmaya başlanmıştır. Eğitim, çalışma, eğlence, ticaret, uzaktan ve dijital ortamda yapılarak davranışlarımızın ve sosyalleşme şeklimizin değişmesine neden olmaktadır. Salgın sonrası insanların sosyalleşme şeklinin ve yaşam tarzının değişmesi; kamusal ve özel alan kullanımlarında da değişiklikler meydana getirmektedir. Kentin dinamiklerinin değişmesiyle birlikte, bu alanların tasarımlarının yeniden düşünülmesi ve yaratıcı çözüm önerileri geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak, salgın sürecinde meydana gelen değişiklikler sadece yapılı çevrenin yeniden tasarımıyla sınırlı değildir. Çağın bize sunduğu teknolojinin hayatımıza dâhil olmasıyla değişen iletişim sistemleri; insanlar arasındaki etkileşimi engellemeyerek, fiziksel ayrımı kolaylaştırmak için yeni sosyalleşme yöntemleri önermektedir. Teknolojiye sürekli maruz kalınmasıyla birlikte gelişen bu durumun hayatımıza yansımaları da sanal ortamda, sosyal karşılaşmalara izin veren çevrimiçi platformlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kitle iletişim araçlarının özel alana girmesiyle birlikte kamusal alan artık her yerde olmaya başlamakta; kişiler, özel alanları içerisindeyken, bu araçlar vasıtasıyla sanal bir kamusal alanın içine dâhil olmaktadır. Kamusal alanların sanal ortamda var olmaya başlamasıyla birlikte, bu durumun etkilerinin mekânsal organizasyonlarda ne gibi değişikliklere yol açacağı bilinmemektedir. Bu nedenle çalışma kapsamında; kentsel mekânlarda pandeminin etkileri anlaşılmaya çalışılarak; yapılı çevrede ve sanal ortamda meydana gelen yeni kamusal alan olasılıklarının; kamusal alan kavramının niteliği ve tarifini nasıl değiştireceği tartışılmaktadır.

References

  • Abbany, Z. (2020). What do futurists imagine for the post-coronavirus-pandemic world? Deutsche Welle (DW)
  • Ak, E. (2006). Bilgisayar Teknolojisi Eşliğinde Mekân Kavramının Dönüşümü-Yeni Mekân Tanımları (Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Akcan, E. (2020). How to Build a Better World? https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/news/in-news/how-build-better-world Erişim Tarihi: 20.05.2020
  • Berg, R.(2020), How Will COVID-19 Affect Urban Planning? https://thecityfix.com/blog/will-covid-19-affect-urban-planning-rogier-van-den-berg/ Erişim Tarihi: 12.07.2020
  • Designboom, (2020a). Brooklyn Domino Parkı, https://www.designboom.com/design/domino-park-circles-glass-social-distancing-05-19-2020/ Erişim Tarihi: 22.07.2020
  • Designboom,(2020b). Kentsel Mobilya Tasarımları Örnekleri https://www.designboom.com/design/shield-bench-to-fight-covid-19-antonio-lanzillo-partners-04-17-2020/ Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2020
  • Egan, N. (2020). COVID-19 is shaping design of future facilities, https://www.australianageingagenda.com.au/executive/architecture-design/covid-19-is-shaping-design-of-future-facilities/ Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2020
  • Eker, G. (2020). The future of public spaces after pandemic: Ghost Spaces
  • European Environmental Agency, (2020). Air pollution goes down as Europe takes hard measures to combat coronavirus, https://www.eea.europa.eu/highlights/air-pollution-goes-down-as Erişim Tarihi: 6.12.2020
  • Fattah, E. A. (2020). A social Scientist’s look at a global crisis: Reflections on the likely positive impact of the Corona virus. Special Paper: School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
  • Gehl, J. (1987) The Life Between Buildings, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Gehl, J. (2020), Public Space Plays Vital Role In Pandemic, https://gehlpeople.com/blog/public-space-plays-vital-role-in-pandemic. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2020
  • Hanafi, S. (2020). Toward a post-COVID-19 Sociology http://www.journaldumauss.net/?Toward-a-post-COVID-19-Sociology Erişim Tarihi: 23.12.202
  • Harvey, D. (2020). Política anticapitalista em tempos de COVID-19. Sin Permiso, 22.
  • Hbx (2020), HBX Live! Breaking Classroom Boundaries, https://mccannsystems.com/news/hbx-live-breaking-classroom-boundaries/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.11.2020
  • Hoşkara, Ş. (2020). Rethinking the Street Space After COVID-19!
  • Klein, N. (2020). Naomi Klein: How big tech plans to profit from the pandemic? https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/may/13/naomi-klein-how-big-tech-plans-to-profit-from-coronavirus-pandemic Erişim Tarihi: 07.12.2020
  • Litman, T. (2020). Pandemic-Resilient Community Planning. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.
  • Nacto, (2020). Streets for Pandemic Response and Recovery https://nacto.org/publication/streets-for-pandemic-response-recovery/ Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021
  • Özden, K., & Özmat, M. (2014). Salgın ve Kent: 1347 Veba Salgınının Avrupa’da Sosyal, Politik ve Ekonomik Sonuçları. İdealkent, 5(12), 60-87.
  • Özgül, G. E. (2012). Bir görme biçimi olarak yeni medya: Kamusal bir alan imkânının araştırılması. Journal of Yasar University, 26(7), 4526-4547.
  • Ranscombe, P. (2020). Rural areas at risk during COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 545.
  • Ravenscroft, T. (2020). Precht designs Parc de la Distance for outdoor social distancing, https://www.dezeen.com/2020/04/16/studio-precht-parc-de-la-distance-social-distancing-coronavirus/. Erişim Tarihi: 18 Nisan 2020
  • Salama, A. M. (2020). Coronavirus questions that will not go away: interrogating urban and socio-spatial implications of COVID-19 measures. Emerald Open Research, 2.
  • Samuelsson, K., Barthel, S., Colding, J., Macassa, G., & Giusti, M. (2020). Urban nature as a source of resilience during social distancing amidst the coronavirus pandemic.
  • Sennet, R. (2020). Cities in the Pandemic https://www.publicspace.org/web/guest/multimedia/-/post/cities-in-the-pandemic Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2020
  • Süer, D. (2020). Karantina Sonrası Tahayyüllerimiz, Mimarlık Dergisi, 414.
  • Wilford, N. (2008). How epidemics helped shape the modern metropolis, https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/15/health/15iht-15chol.11988148.html?auth=login-google Erişim Tarihi: 22.09.2020
  • WHO (2020). Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: implications for IPC precaution recommendations, https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations. Erişim Tarihi:15.06. 2020
  • Volchenkov, D. (2018). Grammar Of Complexity: From Mathematics to a Sustainable World. World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813232501_0007
  • Zuboff, S. (2015) Big other: Surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization. Journal of Information Technology, 30 (75-89).
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Arife Koca 0000-0002-1739-1699

Osman Tutal

Publication Date April 1, 2021
Submission Date January 31, 2021
Acceptance Date March 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Koca, A., & Tutal, O. (2021). COVID 19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDE DEĞİŞEN DİNAMİKLER ÜZERİNDEN YENİ KAMUSAL ALAN OLASILIKLARI. Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication, 11(2), 360-377.


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