Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 49 - 58, 25.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.339835

Abstract





The general objective
of this study was to specify the influence of deficit irrigation on yield for eggplant grown under unheated
greenhouse condition. The area trials were conducted
at the Agricultural Research
Station of Yenişehir
Vocational School of Uludag University in Bursa, Turkey during growing season of 2007. In the study, irrigation regimes consisted of full irrigation (1.00 K1cp) and three deficit
irrigation treatments (K2cp, K3cp, and K4cp corresponding to 0.75,
0.50 and 0.25 of accumulative pan evaporation). A nonirrigated treatment (K5cp) was also designed for control purpose.
Applied irrigation water amounts were changed between
85 and 464 mm, and water consumption were varied from 170 to 472 mm. Eggplant
yield, length, diameter,
weight and dry matter were significantly influenced by irrigation
water level. The highest yield averaging 62 t ha-1 was obtained at K1cp. Crop yield response
factor (ky) for eggplant was found as 1.14. Water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) for the
K2cp treatment
were
calculated to be 13.16 and 10.63 kg m-3. These were the highest WUE and IWUE values. K2 application (75%) can be recommended as  the most effective irrigation level for the eggplant to which drip irrigation is applied under scarce water resource and unheated greenhouse conditions.

References

  • Aldrich R A, Barto J W (1989). Greenhouse Engineering. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service, Cooperative Extension, Ithaca, NY. Anonymous (2003). Meteoroloji Bülteni (in Turkish). Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Başbakanlık Basımevi, Ankara, pp. 111–112 (In Turkish). AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemistry) (2000). Official Methods of Analysis, 17th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC, USA. Aujla M S, Thind H S, Buttar G S (2007). Fruit yield and water use efficiency of eggplant (Solanum melongema L.) as influenced by different quantities of nitrogen and water applied through drip and furrow irrigation. Sci. Horti. 112: 142–148. Ayas S, Demirtaş C (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. Maraton) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7 (3&4): 645–649. Ayas S, Demirtas C (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on onion (Allium cepa L. E.T. Grano 502) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7(3&4): 239 – 243. Ayas S, Korukcu A (2010). “Water-yield relationships in deficit irrigated potato. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 23–36. Ayas S, Orta H, Yazgan S (2011). Deficit irrigation effects on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Monet) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science. 17(4): 551- 559. Ayas S (2013). The effects of different regimes on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L. Hermes) yield and quality characteristics under unheated greenhouse conditions. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19 (No1) 2013, 87–95. Bar-Yosef B, Sagiv B (1982). Response of tomatoes to N and water applied via a trickle irrigation system. II Water. Argon. J 74:637–639. Behboudian M H (1977). Responses of eggplant to drought. I. Plant water balance. Scientia Hortic. 191:149– 156.
  • Bogle C R, Hartz T K, Nuntoez C (1989). Comparison of subsurface trickle and furrow irrigation on plastic mulched and bare soil for tomato production. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 114:40–43. Buyukcangaz H, Yazgan S, Ayas S, Candogan B N, Ayas F (2008). Effects of deficit irrigation on yield and quality of unheated greenhouse grown green bean. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 6(2): 168–172. Chartzoulakis K, Drosos N (1999). Irrigation requirements of greenhouse vegetables in Crete. Cahiers Options Mediterraneennes, 31: 215-221. Chiaranda F Q, Zerbi G (1986). Water requirements of eggplant grown under a greenhouse. Acta Hortic. 191:149– 156. Clough G H, Locasio S J and Olsen S M (1990). The yield of successively cropped polyethylene-mulched vegetables as affected by irrigation method and fertilization management. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 115:884–887. Demirtas C, Ayas S (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Demre) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7 (3&4): 989 – 993. Doorenbos J, Pruitt WO (1977). Guidelines for Predicting Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Doorenbos J, Kassam A H (1979). Yield Response to Water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 33, Rome. Dutta D and Tafardar P K (2008). Crop-Water Productivity of Eggplant Solanum melongena L.) as Influenced by Irrigation and Mulch in Semi-Arid Region of West Bengal, India. Department of Agronomy, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Mohanpur-741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Eliades G (1992). Irrigation of eggplants grown in heated greenhouses. J. Hort. Sci., 67(1):143-147. Enoch H Z, Enoch Y (1999). The history and geography of greenhouse. In Stanhil, G and Enoch, H Z (eds). Greenhouse Ecosystems. Ecosystems of the World 20. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.1–15. Ertek A, Şensoy S, Yıldız M, Kabay T (2002). Açık su yüzeyi buharlaşmasından yararlanılarak sera koşullarında patlıcan bitkisi için en uygun su miktarı ve sulama aralığının belirlenmesi. KSU J. Science and Engineering 5(2):57–67. Ertek A, Şensoy S, Küçükyumuk C, Gedik İ (2006). Determination of plant-pan coeffıcients for field-grown eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) using class A pan evaporation values. Agricultural Water Management 85: 58–66. FAO (2013). (http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_ id=1001). GraafR,EndeJ(1981).Transpirationandevapotranspiration of the glasshouse crops. Acta Hort.119:147–158. Hamdy A, Chouaib W, Pacucci G (2002). Eggplant production in soilless culture under saline irrigation practices and soil conditioner application. Acta Hort. 633. Hartz T K (1993). Drip irrigation scheduling for fresh market tomato production. HortScience 28:35–37. Howell T A, Cuenca R H, Solomon K H (1990). Crop yield response. Chapter 5 in Management of Farm Irrigation Systems, pp. 93-122. Edited by G. J. Hoffman, T. A. Howell, and K. H. Solomon. ASAE Monograph, ASAE, St. Joseph, Michigan. 1040 pp. Kanber R (1984). Çukurova Koşullarında Açık Su Yüzeyi Buharlaşmasından Yararlanarak Birinci ve İkinci Ürün Yerfıstığının Sulanması. Bölge Topraksu Arşt. Enst. Yay. 114 (64), 93, Tarsus. Kara C, Gündüz M, Sipahi N (1996) Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Şanlıurfa Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Genel Yayın No:108, Rapor Serisi No:79. Karam F, Saliba R, Skaf S, Breidy J, Rouphael Y, Balendock J (2009). Yield and Water Use of Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) Under Full and Deficit Irrigation Regimes. Agricultural Water Management 98:1307–1316. Kırnak H, Ismail T, Cengiz K, David H (2002). Effects of deficit irrigation on growth, yield and yield quality of eggplant under semi-arid conditions. Aus. Jour. of Agri. Res. 53(12): 1367–1373. Locascio S J, Smajstrla A G (1996). Water application scheduling by pan evaporation for drip-irrigated tomato. Journal of the American Society for Horticulture Science 121(1):63–68. Lorenz O A, Maynard D N (1980). Knott’s Hand Book for Vegetable Growers. 2nd edt. John Wiley Sons, New York. Lovelli S, Perniola M, Ferrara A, Di Tommaso T (2007). Yield response factor to water (ky) and water use efficiency of Carthamus Tinctorius L. and Solanum Melongena L. Agricultural Water Management 92: 73-80. Mahajan G and Singh K G (2006). Response of Greenhouse tomato to irrigation and fertigation. Agricultural Water Management. 84:202–206. McNeish C M, Welch N C, Nelson R D (1985). Trickle irrigation requirements for stawberries in coastal California. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 110:714–718. Michalojc Z, Buczkowska H (2009). Influence of varied potassium fertilization on eggplant yield and fruit quality in plastic tunnel cultivation. Folia Horticulturae 21/1: 17–26. Ritchie J T, Johnson B S (1990). Irrigation of agricultural crops. Agronomy Monograph no. 30, pp. 363–390. Şenyiğit U, Kadayıfçı A, Özdemir F O, Öz H, Atılgan A (2011). Effects of Different Irrigation Programs on Yield and Quality Parameters of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Under Greenhouse Conditions Department of Agricultural Structure and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, No: 32260, Isparta. Steel R G D, Torrie J H (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, pp.186–187. Stewart J I, Misra R D, Pruitt W O, Hagan R M (1975). Irrigating corn and sorghum with a deficient water supply. Trans. ASAE, 18:270–280.
  • Ünlükara A, Kurunç A, Kesmez G D, Yurtseven E, Suarez D (2008). Effects of salinity on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) growth and evapotranspiration. Irrig. and Drain.DOI:10.1002/ird.453. Von Elsner B, Briassoulis D, Waaijenberg D, Mistriotis A, Von Zabeltizt C H R, Gratraud J (2000). Mechanical properties of covering materials for greenhouses. Part I. General overview. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 67:81–96. Yazgan S, Ayas S, Demirtas C, Buyukcangaz H, Candogan B N (2008). Deficit irrigation effects on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Olenka) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 6(2):168–172. Yuan B Z, Sun J, Nishiyama S (2003). Effect of drip irrigation on strawberry growth inside a plastic greenhouse. Biosystems Engineering 87 (2):237–245.
Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 49 - 58, 25.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.339835

Abstract

References

  • Aldrich R A, Barto J W (1989). Greenhouse Engineering. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service, Cooperative Extension, Ithaca, NY. Anonymous (2003). Meteoroloji Bülteni (in Turkish). Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Başbakanlık Basımevi, Ankara, pp. 111–112 (In Turkish). AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemistry) (2000). Official Methods of Analysis, 17th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC, USA. Aujla M S, Thind H S, Buttar G S (2007). Fruit yield and water use efficiency of eggplant (Solanum melongema L.) as influenced by different quantities of nitrogen and water applied through drip and furrow irrigation. Sci. Horti. 112: 142–148. Ayas S, Demirtaş C (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. Maraton) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7 (3&4): 645–649. Ayas S, Demirtas C (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on onion (Allium cepa L. E.T. Grano 502) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7(3&4): 239 – 243. Ayas S, Korukcu A (2010). “Water-yield relationships in deficit irrigated potato. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 23–36. Ayas S, Orta H, Yazgan S (2011). Deficit irrigation effects on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Monet) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science. 17(4): 551- 559. Ayas S (2013). The effects of different regimes on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L. Hermes) yield and quality characteristics under unheated greenhouse conditions. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19 (No1) 2013, 87–95. Bar-Yosef B, Sagiv B (1982). Response of tomatoes to N and water applied via a trickle irrigation system. II Water. Argon. J 74:637–639. Behboudian M H (1977). Responses of eggplant to drought. I. Plant water balance. Scientia Hortic. 191:149– 156.
  • Bogle C R, Hartz T K, Nuntoez C (1989). Comparison of subsurface trickle and furrow irrigation on plastic mulched and bare soil for tomato production. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 114:40–43. Buyukcangaz H, Yazgan S, Ayas S, Candogan B N, Ayas F (2008). Effects of deficit irrigation on yield and quality of unheated greenhouse grown green bean. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 6(2): 168–172. Chartzoulakis K, Drosos N (1999). Irrigation requirements of greenhouse vegetables in Crete. Cahiers Options Mediterraneennes, 31: 215-221. Chiaranda F Q, Zerbi G (1986). Water requirements of eggplant grown under a greenhouse. Acta Hortic. 191:149– 156. Clough G H, Locasio S J and Olsen S M (1990). The yield of successively cropped polyethylene-mulched vegetables as affected by irrigation method and fertilization management. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 115:884–887. Demirtas C, Ayas S (2009). Deficit irrigation effects on pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Demre) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 7 (3&4): 989 – 993. Doorenbos J, Pruitt WO (1977). Guidelines for Predicting Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Doorenbos J, Kassam A H (1979). Yield Response to Water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 33, Rome. Dutta D and Tafardar P K (2008). Crop-Water Productivity of Eggplant Solanum melongena L.) as Influenced by Irrigation and Mulch in Semi-Arid Region of West Bengal, India. Department of Agronomy, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Mohanpur-741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Eliades G (1992). Irrigation of eggplants grown in heated greenhouses. J. Hort. Sci., 67(1):143-147. Enoch H Z, Enoch Y (1999). The history and geography of greenhouse. In Stanhil, G and Enoch, H Z (eds). Greenhouse Ecosystems. Ecosystems of the World 20. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.1–15. Ertek A, Şensoy S, Yıldız M, Kabay T (2002). Açık su yüzeyi buharlaşmasından yararlanılarak sera koşullarında patlıcan bitkisi için en uygun su miktarı ve sulama aralığının belirlenmesi. KSU J. Science and Engineering 5(2):57–67. Ertek A, Şensoy S, Küçükyumuk C, Gedik İ (2006). Determination of plant-pan coeffıcients for field-grown eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) using class A pan evaporation values. Agricultural Water Management 85: 58–66. FAO (2013). (http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_ id=1001). GraafR,EndeJ(1981).Transpirationandevapotranspiration of the glasshouse crops. Acta Hort.119:147–158. Hamdy A, Chouaib W, Pacucci G (2002). Eggplant production in soilless culture under saline irrigation practices and soil conditioner application. Acta Hort. 633. Hartz T K (1993). Drip irrigation scheduling for fresh market tomato production. HortScience 28:35–37. Howell T A, Cuenca R H, Solomon K H (1990). Crop yield response. Chapter 5 in Management of Farm Irrigation Systems, pp. 93-122. Edited by G. J. Hoffman, T. A. Howell, and K. H. Solomon. ASAE Monograph, ASAE, St. Joseph, Michigan. 1040 pp. Kanber R (1984). Çukurova Koşullarında Açık Su Yüzeyi Buharlaşmasından Yararlanarak Birinci ve İkinci Ürün Yerfıstığının Sulanması. Bölge Topraksu Arşt. Enst. Yay. 114 (64), 93, Tarsus. Kara C, Gündüz M, Sipahi N (1996) Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Şanlıurfa Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Genel Yayın No:108, Rapor Serisi No:79. Karam F, Saliba R, Skaf S, Breidy J, Rouphael Y, Balendock J (2009). Yield and Water Use of Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) Under Full and Deficit Irrigation Regimes. Agricultural Water Management 98:1307–1316. Kırnak H, Ismail T, Cengiz K, David H (2002). Effects of deficit irrigation on growth, yield and yield quality of eggplant under semi-arid conditions. Aus. Jour. of Agri. Res. 53(12): 1367–1373. Locascio S J, Smajstrla A G (1996). Water application scheduling by pan evaporation for drip-irrigated tomato. Journal of the American Society for Horticulture Science 121(1):63–68. Lorenz O A, Maynard D N (1980). Knott’s Hand Book for Vegetable Growers. 2nd edt. John Wiley Sons, New York. Lovelli S, Perniola M, Ferrara A, Di Tommaso T (2007). Yield response factor to water (ky) and water use efficiency of Carthamus Tinctorius L. and Solanum Melongena L. Agricultural Water Management 92: 73-80. Mahajan G and Singh K G (2006). Response of Greenhouse tomato to irrigation and fertigation. Agricultural Water Management. 84:202–206. McNeish C M, Welch N C, Nelson R D (1985). Trickle irrigation requirements for stawberries in coastal California. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 110:714–718. Michalojc Z, Buczkowska H (2009). Influence of varied potassium fertilization on eggplant yield and fruit quality in plastic tunnel cultivation. Folia Horticulturae 21/1: 17–26. Ritchie J T, Johnson B S (1990). Irrigation of agricultural crops. Agronomy Monograph no. 30, pp. 363–390. Şenyiğit U, Kadayıfçı A, Özdemir F O, Öz H, Atılgan A (2011). Effects of Different Irrigation Programs on Yield and Quality Parameters of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Under Greenhouse Conditions Department of Agricultural Structure and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, No: 32260, Isparta. Steel R G D, Torrie J H (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, pp.186–187. Stewart J I, Misra R D, Pruitt W O, Hagan R M (1975). Irrigating corn and sorghum with a deficient water supply. Trans. ASAE, 18:270–280.
  • Ünlükara A, Kurunç A, Kesmez G D, Yurtseven E, Suarez D (2008). Effects of salinity on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) growth and evapotranspiration. Irrig. and Drain.DOI:10.1002/ird.453. Von Elsner B, Briassoulis D, Waaijenberg D, Mistriotis A, Von Zabeltizt C H R, Gratraud J (2000). Mechanical properties of covering materials for greenhouses. Part I. General overview. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 67:81–96. Yazgan S, Ayas S, Demirtas C, Buyukcangaz H, Candogan B N (2008). Deficit irrigation effects on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Olenka) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 6(2):168–172. Yuan B Z, Sun J, Nishiyama S (2003). Effect of drip irrigation on strawberry growth inside a plastic greenhouse. Biosystems Engineering 87 (2):237–245.
There are 3 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serhat Ayas

Publication Date September 25, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ayas, S. (2017). The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Toprak Su Dergisi, 6(2), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.339835
AMA Ayas S. The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). SWJ. September 2017;6(2):49-58. doi:10.21657/topraksu.339835
Chicago Ayas, Serhat. “The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)”. Toprak Su Dergisi 6, no. 2 (September 2017): 49-58. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.339835.
EndNote Ayas S (September 1, 2017) The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Toprak Su Dergisi 6 2 49–58.
IEEE S. Ayas, “The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”, SWJ, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 49–58, 2017, doi: 10.21657/topraksu.339835.
ISNAD Ayas, Serhat. “The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)”. Toprak Su Dergisi 6/2 (September 2017), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.339835.
JAMA Ayas S. The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). SWJ. 2017;6:49–58.
MLA Ayas, Serhat. “The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)”. Toprak Su Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2017, pp. 49-58, doi:10.21657/topraksu.339835.
Vancouver Ayas S. The Effects of Irrigation Regimes on the Yield and Water Use of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). SWJ. 2017;6(2):49-58.
Kapak Tasarım : Hüseyin Oğuzhan BEŞEN
Grafik Tasarım : Filiz ERYILMAZ
Basım Yeri : Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı - Eğitim Yayım ve Yayınlar Dairesi Başkanlığı
İvedik Caddesi Bankacılar Sokak No : 10 Yenimahalle, Ankara Türkiye