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A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis

Year 2015, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 131 - 133, 11.12.2015

Abstract

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare disease with unknown etiology that is characterised by pulmonary infiltration in radiography and eosinophilic infiltration into the lungs. Clarithromycin is a commonly used and well tolerated antibiotic. A 31-year-old male asthma patient was admitted with dyspnea, fever, and sputum. Despite the clarithromycin treatment the patient’s complaints worsened. Leukocytes was 23400/ml (eosinophil 8%). We re-applied ampicillin-sulbactam and clarithromycin. Since leukocytosis and fever were persisting, antibiotics were withdrawn and cefepim, teicoplanin, and ciprofloxacin were started. Because the patient developed chest pain and his dyspnea worsened, we diagnosed the patient with myocardititis after the cardiac evaluation. The tomography showed pleural effusion and consolidation. Sputum, blood, and tracheal aspirates showed no microorganism production. No parasites were found in feces, either. Leukocyte and eosinophil levels got worsened. The patient was then diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia. After methylprednisolon was administrated, laboratory, radiological, and clinical findings improved. This case suggests that eosinophilic pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with pneumonia who do not respond to treatment.

Key Words: Clarithromycin; Eosinophilic Pneumonia; Myocarditis

References

  • Allen JN, Pacht ER, Gadek JE, Davis WB. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia as a reversible cause of noninfectious respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 1989;321:569-74.
  • Yalnız E. Eozinofilik akciğer hastalıkları,Editör;Tabak L, Kumbasar Ö. Diffüz parankimal akciğer hastalıkları,1.baskı,İstanbul,AVES yayınevi,2013;180-94.
  • Pope-Harman AL, Davis WB, Allen ED, Christoforidis AJ, Allen JN. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia. A summary of 15 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1996;75:334-42.
  • Amayasu H, Yoshida S, Ebana S, Yamamoto Y, Nishikawa T, Shoji T, et al. Clarithromycin suppresses bronchial hyperresponsiveness associated with eosinophilic inflammation in patients with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000;84:594-8.
  • Zalewska-Kaszubska J, Gorska D. Anti-inflammatory capabilities of macrolides. Pharmacol Res 2001;44:451-4.
  • Meguro H, Arimasu O, Hiruma F, Sugamata K, Sugie N, Higa A et al. Clinical evaluation of clarithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic in children. Jpn J Antibiot 1989;42:255-62.
  • Kränke B, Aberer W. Macrolide-induced Churg-Strauss syndrome in patient with atopy. Lancet 1997;350:1551-2.
  • Demoly P, Benahmed S, Valembois M, Sahla H, Messaad D, Godard P, et al. L’allergie aux macrolides. Presse Med 2000;29:321-6.
  • Fourcade L, Heno P, Paule P, Braem L, Quilici J, Bonnet D et al . Acute myocarditis and eosinophilic pneumonia: good outcome after medical treatment and long-term follow-up. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2004; 97:61-6.
  • Goldberg L, J. Mekel J, Chita G. Acute myocarditis in a patient with eosinophilia and pulmonary infiltrates. Cardiovasc J South Afr 2002;13:29–34.
  • Terzano C, Petroianni A. Clarithromycin and pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia. BMJ 2003;326:1377–8.
  • Ohnishi H, Abe M, Yokoyama A, Hamada H, Ito R, Hirayama T et al. Claritromycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia 2004. Intern Med. 2004 Mar; 43(3):231-5

Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center

Year 2015, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 131 - 133, 11.12.2015

Abstract

Akut eozinofilik pnömoni, solunum yetmezliği, radyolojik infiltrasyonlar ve akciğerlerin eozinofil infiltrasyonu ile karakterize, etiyolojisi çoğunlukla bilinmeyen nadir bir hastalıktır. Klaritromisin, yaygın kullanılan, iyi tolere edilen ve yan etkileri nadir bir antibiyotiktir. Astım tanısı bulunan 31 yaşında erkek hasta, nefes darlığı, öksürük, balgam ve ateş şikâyetleri ile başvurdu. Klaritromisin kullanmasına rağmen şikâyetlerinin artması üzerine, astım ve pnömoni tanısıyla yatırıldı. Lökosit: 23.400/ml(eozonifil:%8) idi. Ampisilin-sülbaktam+klaritromisin başlandı. Lökosit ve ateş yüksekliği devam etmesi üzerine mevcut antibiyotikler kesilip cefepim, teiokoplanin ve ciprofloxacin başlandı. Takiplerimizde göğüs ağrısının gelişmesi ve solunum sıkıntısı artması üzerine yapılan kardiyolojik değerlendirmede akut myokardit teşhisi kondu. Bilgisayarlı tomografide bilateral plevral efüzyon ve pnömonik infiltrasyon izlendi. Alınan kan, balgam ve trakeal aspiratlarında bakteri üremedi. Gaitada parazit görülmedi. Lökosit ve eozinofilin artması üzerine hasta eozinofilik pnömoni olarak değerlendirildi. Metilprednizolon başlanmasında sonra çok hızlı klinik, laboratuar ve radyolojik düzelme görüldü. Sunulan olgu tedaviye cevap vermeyen pnömonili bir hastada ayırıcı tanıda eozinofilik pnömoninin düşünülmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir

References

  • Allen JN, Pacht ER, Gadek JE, Davis WB. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia as a reversible cause of noninfectious respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 1989;321:569-74.
  • Yalnız E. Eozinofilik akciğer hastalıkları,Editör;Tabak L, Kumbasar Ö. Diffüz parankimal akciğer hastalıkları,1.baskı,İstanbul,AVES yayınevi,2013;180-94.
  • Pope-Harman AL, Davis WB, Allen ED, Christoforidis AJ, Allen JN. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia. A summary of 15 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1996;75:334-42.
  • Amayasu H, Yoshida S, Ebana S, Yamamoto Y, Nishikawa T, Shoji T, et al. Clarithromycin suppresses bronchial hyperresponsiveness associated with eosinophilic inflammation in patients with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000;84:594-8.
  • Zalewska-Kaszubska J, Gorska D. Anti-inflammatory capabilities of macrolides. Pharmacol Res 2001;44:451-4.
  • Meguro H, Arimasu O, Hiruma F, Sugamata K, Sugie N, Higa A et al. Clinical evaluation of clarithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic in children. Jpn J Antibiot 1989;42:255-62.
  • Kränke B, Aberer W. Macrolide-induced Churg-Strauss syndrome in patient with atopy. Lancet 1997;350:1551-2.
  • Demoly P, Benahmed S, Valembois M, Sahla H, Messaad D, Godard P, et al. L’allergie aux macrolides. Presse Med 2000;29:321-6.
  • Fourcade L, Heno P, Paule P, Braem L, Quilici J, Bonnet D et al . Acute myocarditis and eosinophilic pneumonia: good outcome after medical treatment and long-term follow-up. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2004; 97:61-6.
  • Goldberg L, J. Mekel J, Chita G. Acute myocarditis in a patient with eosinophilia and pulmonary infiltrates. Cardiovasc J South Afr 2002;13:29–34.
  • Terzano C, Petroianni A. Clarithromycin and pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia. BMJ 2003;326:1377–8.
  • Ohnishi H, Abe M, Yokoyama A, Hamada H, Ito R, Hirayama T et al. Claritromycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia 2004. Intern Med. 2004 Mar; 43(3):231-5
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Tr
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Talat Kılıç

Zeki Yıldırım This is me

Ergün Topal This is me

Publication Date December 11, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 22 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıç, T., Yıldırım, Z., & Topal, E. (2015). A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center, 22(2), 131-133.
AMA Kılıç T, Yıldırım Z, Topal E. A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis. J Turgut Ozal Med Cent. December 2015;22(2):131-133.
Chicago Kılıç, Talat, Zeki Yıldırım, and Ergün Topal. “A Case of Clarithromycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis”. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center 22, no. 2 (December 2015): 131-33.
EndNote Kılıç T, Yıldırım Z, Topal E (December 1, 2015) A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center 22 2 131–133.
IEEE T. Kılıç, Z. Yıldırım, and E. Topal, “A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis”, J Turgut Ozal Med Cent, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 131–133, 2015.
ISNAD Kılıç, Talat et al. “A Case of Clarithromycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis”. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center 22/2 (December 2015), 131-133.
JAMA Kılıç T, Yıldırım Z, Topal E. A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis. J Turgut Ozal Med Cent. 2015;22:131–133.
MLA Kılıç, Talat et al. “A Case of Clarithromycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis”. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center, vol. 22, no. 2, 2015, pp. 131-3.
Vancouver Kılıç T, Yıldırım Z, Topal E. A Case of Clarithromycin-induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Myocarditis. J Turgut Ozal Med Cent. 2015;22(2):131-3.