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The Link Between Cognitive Flexibility and Educational Stress Among High School Students: Mediation Through Perception of Teacher Acceptance

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 58, 515 - 530, 30.09.2020

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between adolescents’ cognitive flexibility and educational stress and the mediating role of perception of teacher acceptance on this relation. The study was based on a sample of 331 high school students in Turkey (145 male and 186 female). The age of students ranged from 14 to 18 years (Mage =16.12, SD=1.26). The child version of the Teacher Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire, Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Educational Stress Scale, and the Personal Information Form were used as measures. The results show that female students’ perception of teacher acceptance, and educational stress level were significantly higher than male students. Resuts also show that educational stress was significantly correlated with perception of teacher acceptance, cognitive flexibility, and age negatively. Finally, the result of the mediation analysis revealed that perception of teacher acceptance mediated the relationship between cognitive flexibility and educational stress. The results are discussed based on literature, and suggestions for researchers and practitioners were proposed.

References

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  • Ali, S., Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2015). Influence of perceived teacher acceptance and parental acceptance on youth’s psychological adjustment and school conduct: A cross-cultural meta-analysis. Cross-Culturel Research 49(2), 204-224.
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  • Aswathy, K. L., Kasturi, R. A., & Maxie, A. (2015). Stress among early adolescents and maternal and teachers role perceptıon ın addressıng adolescents'stress ın selected schools of thıruvananthapuram. Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 5(1), 58-61.
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  • Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2014). Bilişsel esneklik ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenirliği [The validity and reliability of the cognitive flexibility scale]. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(176), 339-346.
  • Çuhadaroğlu, A. (2011). Bilişsel esnekliğin yordayıcıları [Predictors of cognitive flexibility]. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Demirtaş, A. S. (2019). Stresli durumlarda bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esneklik: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması [Cognitive control and cognitive flexibility in the context of stress: A scale adaptation]. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 39(2), 345-368.
  • Dick, A. S. (2014). The Development of Cognitive Flexibility Beyond the Preschool Period: An Investigation Using a Modified Flexible Item Selection Task. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 125, 13-34.
  • Diril, A. (2011). Lise öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklik düzeylerinin sosyo-demografik değişkenler ve öfke düzeyi ile öfke ifade tarzları arasındaki ilişki açısından incelenmesi [An investigation of cognitive flexibility in terms of socio-demographic variables and anger level and anger styles in adolescent]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
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  • Erkman, F., Caner, A., Sart, H., Borkan, B., & Sahan, K. (2010). Influence of perceived teacher acceptance, self-concept, and school attitude on the academic achievement of school-age children in turkey. Cross-Cultural Research, 44(3), 295-309.
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  • Güler, B. (2015). Ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ölçümü ve depresyon belirtileri ile ilişkisi [The measurement of cognitive flexibility in adolescents and its relation to depression symptoms]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
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Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 58, 515 - 530, 30.09.2020

Abstract

References

  • Agolla, J. E.,Ongori, H. (2009). An assessment of academic stres among undergraduate students: The case of university of Botswana. Educational Research and Review, 4(2), 63-70.
  • Ali, S. (2011). Perceived teacher and parental acceptance-rejection, and the academic achievement, adjustment, and behavior of children: Literature review. International Journal of Peace and Development Studies, 2(5), 138-147.
  • Ali, S., Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2015). Influence of perceived teacher acceptance and parental acceptance on youth’s psychological adjustment and school conduct: A cross-cultural meta-analysis. Cross-Culturel Research 49(2), 204-224.
  • Altunkol, F. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklikleri ile algılanan stres düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [The analysis of the relation between cognitive flexibility and perceived stress levels of college students]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • Altunkol, F. (2017). Bilişsel esneklik eğitim programının lise öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklik ile algılanan stres düzeylerine ve stresle başa çıkma tarzlarına etkisi [The effects of a cognitive flexibility education program on high school students' cognitive flexibility, perceived stress levels and coping styles]. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • Anderson, P. (2002). Assessment and development of executive function (EF) during childhood. Child neuropsychology, 8(2), 71-82.
  • Ang, R. P.,& Huan, V. S. (2006). Relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation: Testing for depression as a mediator using multiple regression. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 37(2), 133-143.
  • Anshel, M. H., & Wells, B. (2000). Personal and situational variables that describe coping with acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140(4), 434-450.
  • Arsenio, W. F., & Loria, S. (2014). Coping with negative emotions: Connections with adolescents’ academic performance and stress. The Journal of genetic psychology, 175(1), 76-90.
  • Aswathy, K. L., Kasturi, R. A., & Maxie, A. (2015). Stress among early adolescents and maternal and teachers role perceptıon ın addressıng adolescents'stress ın selected schools of thıruvananthapuram. Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 5(1), 58-61.
  • Ayan-Başkal, D. (2019). Ergenlerin çalışma alışkanlıkları ile sınav kaygısı ve okul başarısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Investigation of the relationship between adolescents' study habits, exam anxiety, and school success]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Konya.
  • Bağçeci, B., Döş, B., & Sarıca, R. (2011). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeyleri ile akademik başarısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [An analysis of metacognitive awareness levels and academic achievement of primary school students]. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(16), 551-566.
  • Balta-Özkan, A. (2019). İlkokul ve ortaokul öğrencilerinin duygusal okuryazarlık ve akademik stres düzeyleri [The emotional literacy and academic stress levels of elementary and middle school students]. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi, Rize.
  • Bayram, S. B. (2016). Ergenlerin mükemmeliyetçilik özellikleri ve akademik alanda arzuların ertelenmesi ile akademik stres arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Examining the relationship between the academic delay of gratification and the perfectionism of the adolescents wi̇th academic stress]. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(35), 41-55.
  • Bjorck, J. P.,Cuthbertson, W., Thurman, J. W., & Lee, Y. S. (2001). Ethnicity, coping, and distress among Korean Americans, Filipino Americans, and Caucasian Americans. The Journal of Social Psychology, 141(4), 421-442.
  • Bjorkman, S. M. (2007). Relationships among academic stress, social support, and internalizing and externalizing behavior in adolescence. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
  • Burnett, P. C., & Fanshawe, J. P. (1997). Measuring school-related stressors in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 26(4), 415-428.
  • Canas, J. J. (2006). Cognitive flexibility. 30 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde http://www.ugr.es/~ergocogn/articulos/cognitive_flexibility1.pdf kaynağından alınmıştır.
  • Çelik, İ., Akın, A., ve Sarıçam, H.(2014). A scale adaptation study related to the examination of adolescents’ levels of educational stres. Üniversitepark Bülten, 3(1-2), 44-55.
  • Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2014). Bilişsel esneklik ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenirliği [The validity and reliability of the cognitive flexibility scale]. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(176), 339-346.
  • Çuhadaroğlu, A. (2011). Bilişsel esnekliğin yordayıcıları [Predictors of cognitive flexibility]. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Demirtaş, A. S. (2019). Stresli durumlarda bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esneklik: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması [Cognitive control and cognitive flexibility in the context of stress: A scale adaptation]. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 39(2), 345-368.
  • Dick, A. S. (2014). The Development of Cognitive Flexibility Beyond the Preschool Period: An Investigation Using a Modified Flexible Item Selection Task. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 125, 13-34.
  • Diril, A. (2011). Lise öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklik düzeylerinin sosyo-demografik değişkenler ve öfke düzeyi ile öfke ifade tarzları arasındaki ilişki açısından incelenmesi [An investigation of cognitive flexibility in terms of socio-demographic variables and anger level and anger styles in adolescent]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • Ergene, T. (2011). Lise öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısı, çalışma alışkanlıkları, başarı güdüsü ve akademik performans düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi [The relation ship among test anxiety, study habits, achievement, motivation, and academic performance among Turkish high school students]. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(160), 320-330.
  • Erkman, F., Caner, A., Sart, H., Borkan, B., & Sahan, K. (2010). Influence of perceived teacher acceptance, self-concept, and school attitude on the academic achievement of school-age children in turkey. Cross-Cultural Research, 44(3), 295-309.
  • Erkuş, A. (2016). Davranış bilimleri için bilimsel araştırma süreci [Scientific research process for behavioral sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Folkman, S.,&Lazarus, S. R. (1988). Coping as a mediator of emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholog, 3 (54), 466-475.
  • Güler, B. (2015). Ergenlerde bilişsel esneklik ölçümü ve depresyon belirtileri ile ilişkisi [The measurement of cognitive flexibility in adolescents and its relation to depression symptoms]. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Gülüm, İ.V. ve Dağ, İ (2012). Tekrarlayıcı düşünme ölçeği ve bilişsel esneklik envanterinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması, geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği [The Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability study of the repetitive thinking questionnaire and the cognitive flexibility inventory]. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry,13(3), 216-223.
  • Jones, R. W., & Hattie, J. A. (1991, April,24-26). Academic stress amongst adolescents: An examination by ethnicity, grade, and sex. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the New England Educational Research Organization, Portsmouth, NH. Retrived from https://files.eric.ed.goc/fulltext/ED336668.pdf (20.04.20).
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There are 76 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Behire Kuyumcu This is me

Furkan Kirazcı This is me

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 58

Cite

APA Kuyumcu, B., & Kirazcı, F. (2020). The Link Between Cognitive Flexibility and Educational Stress Among High School Students: Mediation Through Perception of Teacher Acceptance. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 10(58), 515-530.

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.