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Immunotherapy in allergy Invited Author

Year 2010, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 18 - 24, 01.09.2010
https://doi.org/10.4274/tpa.45.225

Abstract

Summary Allergen immunotherapy is one of the methods in the treatment of allergic diseases It is aimed in the allergen immunotherapy that tolerance is achieved by giving allergen extracts they are sensitized to the patients with allergic complaints in gradually increased doses in certain time intervals to abolish their clinical symptoms Specific allergen immunotherapy can be an effective mode of treatment in changing the natural history of diseases with allergic etiology The basic approach in the treatment of allergic diseases is to avoid allergens and medications simultaneously It has been proven in a number of studies that significant improvements were achieved in asthma symptom scores the need to use medications was decreased and bronchial hyperreactivity provoked by allergens or nonspecific stimulants was reduced with allergen specific immunotherapy Turk Arch Ped 2010; 45: 225 31 Key words: Allergy allergic diseases allergen immunotherapy

References

  • Nelson HS. Immunotherapy for inhalant allergens. In: Adkinson Jr NF, Bochner BS, Busse WW, Holgate ST, Lemanske Jr RF, Simons FER (eds). Middleton’s Allergy Principles and Practice. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2009: 1657-77.
  • Noon L. Prophylactic inoculation against hay fever. Lancet 1911; 1: 1572-3.
  • Freeman J. Further observations on the treatment of hay fever by hypodermic inoculations of pollen vaccine. Lancet 1911; 2: 814-7.
  • Ross RN, Nelson HS, Finegold I. Effectiveness of specific immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: an analysis of randomized, prospective, single- or double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Clin Ther 2000; 22: 342-50.
  • Abramson MJ, Puy RM, Weiner JM. Allergen immunotherapy for asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003: CD001186. (Abstract) / (Full Text)
  • Creticos PS, Reed CE, Norman PS, et al. Ragweed immunother- apy in adult asthma. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 501-6. (Abstract) / Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Adkinson Jr NF, Eggleston PA, Eney D, et al. A controlled trial of immunotherapy for asthma in allergic children. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 324-31. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bıçakçı A, Altunoğlu MK, Bilişik A, ve ark. Türkiye’nin atmos- ferik polenleri. Asthma Allergy Immunol 2009; 7: 11-7. (PDF)
  • Varney VA, Tabbah K, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Usefulness of specific immunotherapy in patients with severe perennial aller- gic rhinitis induced by house dust mite: a double-blind, ran- domized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33: 1076-82. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Alvarez-Cuesta E, Cuesta-Herranz J, Puyana-Ruiz J, Cuesta- Herranz C, Blanco-Quirós A. Monoclonal antibody-standard- ized cat extract immunotherapy: risk:benefit effects from a double-blind placebo study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93: 556-66. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Hedlin G, Graff-Lonnevig V, Heilbron H, et al. Immunotherapy with cat- and dog-dander extracts. V. Effects of 3 years of treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 87: 955-64. (Abstract) / (Full Text)
  • Dreborg S, Agrell B, Foucard T, Kjellman NI, Koivikko A, Nilsson S. A double-blind, multicenter immunotherapy trial in children using a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum preparation. Allergy 1986; 41: 131-40. (Abstract)
  • Malling HJ, Dreborg S, Weeke B. Diagnosis and immunothera- py of mould allergy. V. Clinical efficacy and side effects of immunotherapy with Cladosporium herbarum. Allergy 1986; 41: 507-19. (Abstract)
  • Horst M, Hejjaoui A, Horst V, Michel FB, Bousquet J. Double- blind, placebo-controlled rush immunotherapy with a stan- dardized Alternaria extract. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 85: 460-72. (Abstract)
  • Global initiative for asthma. Global strategy for asthma man- agement and prevention. Updated 2008: 34.
  • Calamita Z, Saconato H, Pela AB, Atallah AN. Efficacy of sub- lingual immunotherapy in asthma: systematic review of ran- domized-clinical trials using the Cochrane Collaboration method. Allergy 2006; 61: 1162-72.
  • Jacobsen L, Niggemann B, Dreborg S, et al. (The PAT investi- gator group). Specific immunotherapy has long-term preven- tive effect of seasonal and perennial asthma: 10-year follow-up on the PAT study. Allergy 2007; 62: 943-8. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bousquet J, Lockey R, Malling HJ, et al. Allergen immunother- apy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. World Health Organization. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1998; 81: 401-5. (Abstract)
  • British Guideline on the Management of Asthma. A national clinical guideline. May 2008 revised June 2009: 27.
  • Purello-D’Ambrosio F, Gangemi S, Merendini RA, et al. Prevention of new sensitizations in monosensitized subjects submitted to spesific immunotherapy or not. A retrospective study. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 1295-302. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Pajno GB, Barberio G, de Luca F, Morabito L, Parmiani S. Prevention of new sensitizations in asthmatic children mono- sensitized to house dust mite by spesific immunotherapy. A six-year follow-up study. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 1392-7.
  • Des Roches A, Paradis L, Menardo JL, Bouges S, Daures JP, Bousquet J. Immunotherapy with standardized dermath- ophagoides pteronyssinus extract. VI. Specific immunotherapy prevents the onset of new sensitizations in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997; 99: 450-3. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Moller C, Dreboprg S, Ferdousi HA, et al. Pollen immunothera- py reduces the development of asthma in children with sea- sonal rhinoconjunctivitis (the PAT-study). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 251-6. (Abstract) PDF) / (PDF)
  • Niggemann B, Staden U, Rolinck-Werninghaus C, Beyer K. Specific oral tolerance induction in food allergy. Allergy 2006; 61: 808-11. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert panel report 3 : guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma (full report 2007): 172.
  • Durham SR, Walker SM, Varga EM, et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 :468-75. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Akdis M, Akdis CA. Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 780-9. Epub February 2007. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Olsen OT, Larsen KR, Jacobsan L, Svendsen UG. A 1-year, placebo-controlled, double-blind house-dust-mite immunotherapy study in asthmatic adults. Allergy 1997; 52: 853-9. (Abstract)
  • Reid MJ, Moss RB, Hsu YP, Kwasnicki JM, Commerford TM, Nelson BL. Seasonal asthma in northern California: allergic causes and efficacy of immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986;7 8: 590-600. (Abstract)
  • Varney VA, Edwards J, Tabbah K, Brewster H, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Clinical efficacy of specific immunotherapy to cat dander: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 860-7. (Abstract)
  • Nelson HS. Allergen immunotherapy: Where is it now? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 769-77. Epub March 2007. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Johnstone DE, Dutton A. The value of hyposensitization thera- py for bronchial asthma in children -- a 14-year study. Pediatrics 1968; 42: 793-802. (Abstract)
  • Bernstein DI, Wanner M, Borish L, Liss GM. Immunotherapy Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Twelve-year survey of fatal reactions to allergen injections and skin testing: 1990-2001. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 113: 1129-36. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Reid MJ, Lockey RF, Turkeltaub PC, Platts-Mills TA. Survey of fatalities from skin testing and immunotherapy 1985-1989. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993; 92: 6-15. (Abstract)
  • American Academy of Allergy and Immunology Board of Directors. Guidelines to minimize the risk from systemic reac- tions caused by immunotherapy with allergenic extracts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93: 811-2. (Abstract)
  • Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Guidelines for the use of allergen immunotherapy. CMAJ 1995; 152: 1413-9. (PDF)
  • Frew AJ. Injection immunotherapy. British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Working Party. BMJ 1993; 307: 919-23. (Abstract)
  • Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Noninjection routes for immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111: 437-48. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Di Rienzo V, Marcucci F, Puccinelli P, et al. Long-lasting effect of sublingual immunotherapy in children with asthma due to house dust mite: a 10-year prospective study. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33: 206-10. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Khinchi MS, Poulsen LK, Carat F, Andre C, Hansen AB, Malling HJ. Clinical efficacy of sublingual and subcutaneous birch pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy: a randomized, place- bo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy study. Allergy 2004; 59: 45-53. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Lima MT, Wilson D, Pitkin L, et al. Grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32: 507-14. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bacharier LB, Boner A, Carlsen KH, et al. Diagnosis and treat- ment of asthma in childhood : a PRACTALL consensus report. Allergy 2008; 63: 5-34. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Pajno GB. Allergen immunotherapy in early childhood: between Scylla and Charybdis. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 551-3. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Grembiale RD, Camporota L, Naty S, Tranfa CM, Djukanovic R, Marsico SA. Effects of specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitic individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 2048-52. (Abstract) PDF)
  • Niggemann B, Jacobsen L, Dreborg S, et al. Five-year follow- up on the PAT study: specific immunotherapy and long-term prevention of asthma in children. Allergy 2006; 61: 855-9.
  • Novembre E, Galli E, Landi F, et al. Coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 114: 851-7. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Durham SR, Walker SM, Varga EM, et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 468-75. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Eng PA, Reinhold M, Gnehm HP. Long-term efficacy of pre- seasonal grass pollen immunotherapy in children. Allergy 2002; 57: 306-12. (Abstract) / (PDF)
  • Eng PA, Borer-Reinhold M, Heijnen IA, Gnehm HP. Twelve- year follow-up after discontinuation of preseasonal grass pollen immunotherapy in childhood. Allergy 2006; 61: 198-201. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Petersen KD, Gyrd-Hansen D, Dahl R. Health-economic analy- ses of subcutaneous specific immunotherapy for grass pollen and mite allergy. Allergol Immunopathol 2005; 33: 296-302. (Full Text)
  • Olaguibel JM, varez Puebla MJ. Efficacy of sublingual allergen vaccination for respiratory allergy in children. Conclusions from one meta-analysis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2005; 15: 9-16. (PDF)
  • Sopo SM, Macchiaiolo M, Zorzi G,Tripodi S. Sublingual immunotherapy in asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis; systematic review of paediatric literature. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 620-4. (Abstract) / (PDF)
  • Bousquet J, Van CP, Khaltaev N. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108: 147-334.
  • Penagos M, Compalati E, Tarantini F, et al. Efficacy of sublin- gual immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in pedi- atric patients 3 to 18 years of age: a metaanalysis of random- ized, placebo-controlled,double-blind trials. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006; 97: 141-8.
  • Eifan AO, Keles S, Bahceciler NN, Barlan IB. Anaphylaxis to multiple pollen allergen sublingual immunotherapy. Allergy 2007; 62: 567-8.(Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF) Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125: 131-8. (Abstract)

Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231

Year 2010, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 18 - 24, 01.09.2010
https://doi.org/10.4274/tpa.45.225

Abstract

Özet Alerjen immünoterapi alerjik etiolojiye dayanan hastalıkların tedavi yöntemlerinden biridir Alerjen immünoterapide alerjik yakınmaları olan olgulara klinik bulguların kontrol altına alınması amacıyla duyarlı olduğu alerjenin belirli aralıklarla ve giderek artan dozlarda verilmesiyle bu alerjene karşı tolerans gelişmesi amaçlanır Özgül alerjen immünoterapi alerjik etiolojiye dayalı hastalıkların doğal seyrini değiştirmede etkili olabilen bir tedavi şeklidir Alerjik hastalıkların tedavisinde en önemli yaklaşım alerjenden korunma ve birlikte kullanılacak olan ilaç tedavisidir Çalışmalarda immünoterapi ile astım bulgularında anlamlı iyileşme sağlandığı hastalarda ilaç kullanım gereğinin azaldığı ayrıca alerjenlerle ve özgül olmayan uyarılar ile ortaya çıkan bronş aşırı duyarlılığının azaldığı ortaya konmuştur Türk Ped Arş 2010; 45: 225 31 Anahtar sözcükler: Alerji alerjik hastalıklar alerjen immünoterapi

References

  • Nelson HS. Immunotherapy for inhalant allergens. In: Adkinson Jr NF, Bochner BS, Busse WW, Holgate ST, Lemanske Jr RF, Simons FER (eds). Middleton’s Allergy Principles and Practice. Seventh edition. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2009: 1657-77.
  • Noon L. Prophylactic inoculation against hay fever. Lancet 1911; 1: 1572-3.
  • Freeman J. Further observations on the treatment of hay fever by hypodermic inoculations of pollen vaccine. Lancet 1911; 2: 814-7.
  • Ross RN, Nelson HS, Finegold I. Effectiveness of specific immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: an analysis of randomized, prospective, single- or double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Clin Ther 2000; 22: 342-50.
  • Abramson MJ, Puy RM, Weiner JM. Allergen immunotherapy for asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003: CD001186. (Abstract) / (Full Text)
  • Creticos PS, Reed CE, Norman PS, et al. Ragweed immunother- apy in adult asthma. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 501-6. (Abstract) / Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Adkinson Jr NF, Eggleston PA, Eney D, et al. A controlled trial of immunotherapy for asthma in allergic children. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 324-31. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bıçakçı A, Altunoğlu MK, Bilişik A, ve ark. Türkiye’nin atmos- ferik polenleri. Asthma Allergy Immunol 2009; 7: 11-7. (PDF)
  • Varney VA, Tabbah K, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Usefulness of specific immunotherapy in patients with severe perennial aller- gic rhinitis induced by house dust mite: a double-blind, ran- domized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33: 1076-82. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Alvarez-Cuesta E, Cuesta-Herranz J, Puyana-Ruiz J, Cuesta- Herranz C, Blanco-Quirós A. Monoclonal antibody-standard- ized cat extract immunotherapy: risk:benefit effects from a double-blind placebo study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93: 556-66. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Hedlin G, Graff-Lonnevig V, Heilbron H, et al. Immunotherapy with cat- and dog-dander extracts. V. Effects of 3 years of treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 87: 955-64. (Abstract) / (Full Text)
  • Dreborg S, Agrell B, Foucard T, Kjellman NI, Koivikko A, Nilsson S. A double-blind, multicenter immunotherapy trial in children using a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum preparation. Allergy 1986; 41: 131-40. (Abstract)
  • Malling HJ, Dreborg S, Weeke B. Diagnosis and immunothera- py of mould allergy. V. Clinical efficacy and side effects of immunotherapy with Cladosporium herbarum. Allergy 1986; 41: 507-19. (Abstract)
  • Horst M, Hejjaoui A, Horst V, Michel FB, Bousquet J. Double- blind, placebo-controlled rush immunotherapy with a stan- dardized Alternaria extract. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 85: 460-72. (Abstract)
  • Global initiative for asthma. Global strategy for asthma man- agement and prevention. Updated 2008: 34.
  • Calamita Z, Saconato H, Pela AB, Atallah AN. Efficacy of sub- lingual immunotherapy in asthma: systematic review of ran- domized-clinical trials using the Cochrane Collaboration method. Allergy 2006; 61: 1162-72.
  • Jacobsen L, Niggemann B, Dreborg S, et al. (The PAT investi- gator group). Specific immunotherapy has long-term preven- tive effect of seasonal and perennial asthma: 10-year follow-up on the PAT study. Allergy 2007; 62: 943-8. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bousquet J, Lockey R, Malling HJ, et al. Allergen immunother- apy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. World Health Organization. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1998; 81: 401-5. (Abstract)
  • British Guideline on the Management of Asthma. A national clinical guideline. May 2008 revised June 2009: 27.
  • Purello-D’Ambrosio F, Gangemi S, Merendini RA, et al. Prevention of new sensitizations in monosensitized subjects submitted to spesific immunotherapy or not. A retrospective study. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 1295-302. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Pajno GB, Barberio G, de Luca F, Morabito L, Parmiani S. Prevention of new sensitizations in asthmatic children mono- sensitized to house dust mite by spesific immunotherapy. A six-year follow-up study. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 1392-7.
  • Des Roches A, Paradis L, Menardo JL, Bouges S, Daures JP, Bousquet J. Immunotherapy with standardized dermath- ophagoides pteronyssinus extract. VI. Specific immunotherapy prevents the onset of new sensitizations in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997; 99: 450-3. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Moller C, Dreboprg S, Ferdousi HA, et al. Pollen immunothera- py reduces the development of asthma in children with sea- sonal rhinoconjunctivitis (the PAT-study). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 251-6. (Abstract) PDF) / (PDF)
  • Niggemann B, Staden U, Rolinck-Werninghaus C, Beyer K. Specific oral tolerance induction in food allergy. Allergy 2006; 61: 808-11. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert panel report 3 : guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma (full report 2007): 172.
  • Durham SR, Walker SM, Varga EM, et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 :468-75. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Akdis M, Akdis CA. Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 780-9. Epub February 2007. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Olsen OT, Larsen KR, Jacobsan L, Svendsen UG. A 1-year, placebo-controlled, double-blind house-dust-mite immunotherapy study in asthmatic adults. Allergy 1997; 52: 853-9. (Abstract)
  • Reid MJ, Moss RB, Hsu YP, Kwasnicki JM, Commerford TM, Nelson BL. Seasonal asthma in northern California: allergic causes and efficacy of immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986;7 8: 590-600. (Abstract)
  • Varney VA, Edwards J, Tabbah K, Brewster H, Mavroleon G, Frew AJ. Clinical efficacy of specific immunotherapy to cat dander: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 860-7. (Abstract)
  • Nelson HS. Allergen immunotherapy: Where is it now? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 769-77. Epub March 2007. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Johnstone DE, Dutton A. The value of hyposensitization thera- py for bronchial asthma in children -- a 14-year study. Pediatrics 1968; 42: 793-802. (Abstract)
  • Bernstein DI, Wanner M, Borish L, Liss GM. Immunotherapy Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Twelve-year survey of fatal reactions to allergen injections and skin testing: 1990-2001. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 113: 1129-36. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Reid MJ, Lockey RF, Turkeltaub PC, Platts-Mills TA. Survey of fatalities from skin testing and immunotherapy 1985-1989. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993; 92: 6-15. (Abstract)
  • American Academy of Allergy and Immunology Board of Directors. Guidelines to minimize the risk from systemic reac- tions caused by immunotherapy with allergenic extracts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93: 811-2. (Abstract)
  • Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Guidelines for the use of allergen immunotherapy. CMAJ 1995; 152: 1413-9. (PDF)
  • Frew AJ. Injection immunotherapy. British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Working Party. BMJ 1993; 307: 919-23. (Abstract)
  • Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Noninjection routes for immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111: 437-48. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Di Rienzo V, Marcucci F, Puccinelli P, et al. Long-lasting effect of sublingual immunotherapy in children with asthma due to house dust mite: a 10-year prospective study. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33: 206-10. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Khinchi MS, Poulsen LK, Carat F, Andre C, Hansen AB, Malling HJ. Clinical efficacy of sublingual and subcutaneous birch pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy: a randomized, place- bo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy study. Allergy 2004; 59: 45-53. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Lima MT, Wilson D, Pitkin L, et al. Grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32: 507-14. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Bacharier LB, Boner A, Carlsen KH, et al. Diagnosis and treat- ment of asthma in childhood : a PRACTALL consensus report. Allergy 2008; 63: 5-34. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Pajno GB. Allergen immunotherapy in early childhood: between Scylla and Charybdis. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 551-3. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Grembiale RD, Camporota L, Naty S, Tranfa CM, Djukanovic R, Marsico SA. Effects of specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitic individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 2048-52. (Abstract) PDF)
  • Niggemann B, Jacobsen L, Dreborg S, et al. Five-year follow- up on the PAT study: specific immunotherapy and long-term prevention of asthma in children. Allergy 2006; 61: 855-9.
  • Novembre E, Galli E, Landi F, et al. Coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 114: 851-7. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Durham SR, Walker SM, Varga EM, et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 468-75. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Eng PA, Reinhold M, Gnehm HP. Long-term efficacy of pre- seasonal grass pollen immunotherapy in children. Allergy 2002; 57: 306-12. (Abstract) / (PDF)
  • Eng PA, Borer-Reinhold M, Heijnen IA, Gnehm HP. Twelve- year follow-up after discontinuation of preseasonal grass pollen immunotherapy in childhood. Allergy 2006; 61: 198-201. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
  • Petersen KD, Gyrd-Hansen D, Dahl R. Health-economic analy- ses of subcutaneous specific immunotherapy for grass pollen and mite allergy. Allergol Immunopathol 2005; 33: 296-302. (Full Text)
  • Olaguibel JM, varez Puebla MJ. Efficacy of sublingual allergen vaccination for respiratory allergy in children. Conclusions from one meta-analysis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2005; 15: 9-16. (PDF)
  • Sopo SM, Macchiaiolo M, Zorzi G,Tripodi S. Sublingual immunotherapy in asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis; systematic review of paediatric literature. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 620-4. (Abstract) / (PDF)
  • Bousquet J, Van CP, Khaltaev N. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108: 147-334.
  • Penagos M, Compalati E, Tarantini F, et al. Efficacy of sublin- gual immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in pedi- atric patients 3 to 18 years of age: a metaanalysis of random- ized, placebo-controlled,double-blind trials. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006; 97: 141-8.
  • Eifan AO, Keles S, Bahceciler NN, Barlan IB. Anaphylaxis to multiple pollen allergen sublingual immunotherapy. Allergy 2007; 62: 567-8.(Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF) Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125: 131-8. (Abstract)
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Publication Date September 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 45 Issue: 3

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APA -, .-. (2010). Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, 45(3), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpa.45.225
AMA -. Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. September 2010;45(3):18-24. doi:10.4274/tpa.45.225
Chicago -, -. “Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231”. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 45, no. 3 (September 2010): 18-24. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpa.45.225.
EndNote - - (September 1, 2010) Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 45 3 18–24.
IEEE .-. -, “Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231”, Türk Pediatri Arşivi, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 18–24, 2010, doi: 10.4274/tpa.45.225.
ISNAD -, -. “Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231”. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 45/3 (September 2010), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpa.45.225.
JAMA - -. Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. 2010;45:18–24.
MLA -, -. “Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231”. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, vol. 45, no. 3, 2010, pp. 18-24, doi:10.4274/tpa.45.225.
Vancouver - -. Alerjik hastalıklarda immünoterapi Çağrılı Yazar 225 231. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. 2010;45(3):18-24.