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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tr-ent</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>The Turkish Journal of Ear Nose and Throat</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2602-4837</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Istanbul University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The incidence of Usher’s syndrome and its clinical types</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Usher sendromunun sıklığı ve klinik tipleri</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Apaydın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Fazıl</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,  Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları  Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Bereketoğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Müslüm</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, izmir</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Turan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Onur</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,  Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları  Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Uçak Avşar</surname>
                                    <given-names>Emel</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, izmir</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Afrashi</surname>
                                    <given-names>Filiz</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,  Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları  Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20020103">
                    <day>01</day>
                    <month>03</month>
                    <year>2002</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>9</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>15</fpage>
                                        <lpage>20</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1990, The Turkish Journal of Ear Nose and Throat</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1990</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>The Turkish Journal of Ear Nose and Throat</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Objectives: We investigated the incidence and types of Usher’s syndrome in normal, hearing handicapped, and visually handicapped individuals.Subjects and Methods: Ushefs syndrome was investi­ gated among 115,000 healthy young males who were screened priorto military service, among patients in whom retinitis pigmentosa was diagnosed at the Ophthalmology Department of Ege University, and among the students of İzmir Tülay Aktaş School for the Deaf and İzmir Aşık Veysel Schoolforthe Blind. Patients with retinitis pigmentosa were evaluated by comprehensive history taking, pedigree draw- ing, ophthalmologic and otolaryngologic examinations, audiovestibular tests, and electroretinography.Results: Ushefs syndrome was detected in only one sub- ject among candidates of military service, in six subjects among 386 students of School for the Deaf, and in three cases among 30 patients with retinitis pigmentosa. None of the students of the School for the Blind had Usher’s syn­ drome. Screening of the patients’ family members revealed eight families with Usher’s syndrome, yielding a total of 15 patients. Consanguinity was documented in five families.Eleven patients  73%  had type 1 and four patients  27%  had type 2 disease. Type 3 disease was not encountered.Conclusion: Investigation of Usher’s syndrome in patients with hearing loss and impaired Vision in the dark will promote better rehabilitation and monitoring of these patients. Consanguinity should be sought in affected individuals.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Amaç: Normal toplumda, iflitme ve görme engelli kiflilerde Usher sendromu sıklığını ve sendrom tiplerini ortayaç ı k a r m a k .Olgular ve Yöntemler: Ege Kara Kuvvetleri Hastanesi’ne baflvuran 115 bin birey, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı’nda 1994-1999 yıllarıarasında retinitis pigmentosa tanısı almıfl hastalar, İzmirTülay Aktafl İflitme Engelliler Okulu öğrencileri ve İzmirAflık Veysel Görme Engelliler Okulu öğrencilerinde tarama ile saptanmıfl kifliler arafltırıldı. Retinitis pigmentosatanısı almıfl olan kiflilerde ayrıntılı anamnez, soyağacı çizimi, oftalmolojik ve KBB muayenesi, odyovestibüler incelemeler ve elektroretinogram yapıldı. Bulgular: Normal kiflilerde 115 bin birey içinde bir olguda; İflitme Engelliler Okulu’nda 386 öğrencinin altısında; Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği’nde retinitis pigmentosa tanısı konan 30 hastanın üçünde Usher sendromu saptandı. Görme Engelliler Okulu’nda Usher sendromunarastlanmadı. Bu hastaların aileleri de tarandığındasekiz ailede toplam 15 kiflide US olduğu görüldü. Beflailede ebeveynlerde akraba evliliği saptandı. On beflhastanın 11’i tip 1, dördü tip 2 olgulardı. Tip 3’e hiç rastlanmadı. Tip 1’in, tip 2’ye oranı 3/1 bulundu.Sonuç: Karanlıkta görme bozukluğu ve iflitme kaybıolan hastalarda Usher sendromunun arafltırılması olguların iflitsel rehabilitasyonu ve klinik izlemi açısındanönem taflımaktadır. Etkilenmifl olgularda akraba evliliğinin sorgulanması gerekir</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Körlük/genetik/epidemiyoloji</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   sa¤›rl›k/
genetik/epidemiyoloji</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   iflitme kayb›</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   sensorinöral/tan›/komplikasyon</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   retinitis pigmentosa/komplikasyon</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   vestibüler hastal›klar/epidemiyoloji</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   görme bozukluklar›/komplikasyon.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Blindness/genetics/epidemiology</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   deafness/ genetics/epidemiology</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   hearing loss</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   sensorineural/diagnosis/ complications</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   retinitis pigmentosa/complications</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   vestibular diseases/epidemiology</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Vision disorders/complications</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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