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Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea

Year 2013, , - , 01.02.2013

Nelli G. Sergeeva Sofia A. Mazlumyan Namik Çagatay Anna Lichtschlag

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05

Abstract

Meiobenthos abundance and distribution on the Black Sea shelf and the upper slope area off the Bosporus Strait outlet was studied along a depth transect from 75 to 300 m water depth. This study represents the first detailed quantitative analysis of the structure and distribution of meiobenthos communities in the transition zone from oxic to anoxic conditions in the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea. Meiobenthos was present at all investigated depths and includes 21 taxa. Among these the Nematoda was the dominant taxon. The maximum of total meiobenthos was located at 75 m, other peaks occured at 88 m, 103 m, 160 m, 250 m. At 300 water depth of 300 m the amount of the meiobenthos significantly decreased, while the abundance of such groups as the Ciliophora and Nematoda showed a relative increase in abundance extension. Essential taxonomic richness and abundance of meiofauna is observed in the sediment from the surface layer to 5 cm depth. These results suggest that some benthic eukaryotes can tolerate anoxic and sulfidic conditions. Further studies of this region's fauna are needed to yield more information about the taxonomic composition of benthos in the transitional oxic/anoxic water masses of the Black Sea.

Keywords

Meiobenthos abundance taxonomic composition distribution along depths

References

  • Başturk, O., Saydam, C., Salihoğlu, I., Eremeeva, L.V., Konovalov, S.K., Stoyanov, A., Dimitrov, A., Cociasu, A., Dorogan, L. and Altabet, M. 1994. Vertical variation in the principle chemical properties of the Black Sea in the autumn of 1991. Marine Chemistry, 45: 149–165.
  • Bặcescu, M. 1960. Citeva animale necunoscite incă in Marea Neagrά si Dewscrierea unor malacostracei noi provenind din apele pontice prebosforice. Biologie Animalặ, 12: 107–124.
  • Bacescu, M. 1963. Contribution a la biocenologie de la mer Noir. L'etage periazoique et la facies dreissenifere leurs caracteristiques. Rapports et Process-Verbaux des Reunions Commission Internationale pour l´Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée, 17: 107–122.
  • Bặcesco, M. and Mặrginneanu, C. 1959. Elements mediterranewns nouveaux pour la faune de la mer Noire, trouvés dans les eaux de Roumelie (NordOuest-Bosphore). Archivio di Oceanografia e Limnologia, 2: 63–73.
  • Bougis, B. 1950. Mèthode pour l’etude quantitative de la microfaune de fonde marine (meiobenthos). Vie Milieu, 1: 23–38.
  • Caraion, F.E. 1959. Ostracode noi in Marea Neagră (apele bosforice).
  • Comunicările Academia Republicii Populare Romîne, 9: 265–273. Chislenko, L.L. 1961. On the existence of dimensional gap in the marine fauna of the littoral and sublittoral. Proceedings of Academy of Sciences of the USSR, New Series, 137: 431–435. (In Russian.)
  • Codispoti, L.A., Friederich, G.E., Murray, J.W. and Sakamato, C.M. 1991. Chemical variability in the Black Sea: Implications of continuous vertical profiles that penetrated the oxic/anoxic interface. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Paper, 38: 691–710.
  • Didkowsky, V.Y. 1969. Foraminifera of the near Bosporus area of the Black Sea. In: K.A. Vinogradov, Z.A. Vinogradova and Yu.P. Zaitsev (Eds.) Biological problems of Oceanography of the southern seas, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 70-72. (In Russian).
  • Dumitrescu, E. 1960. Contributions a la connaissance des Polychetes de la Mer Noire, specialement des eaux prebosphoriques. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Grigore Antipa, 2: 69–85.
  • Dumitrescu, E. 1962. Nouvelle contribution a l’etude des Polychetes de la Mer Noire. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Grigore Antipa 3: 61–
  • Flood, R.D., Hiscott, R.N. and Aksu, A.E. 2009. Morphology and evolution of an anastomosed channel network where saline underflow enters the Black Sea. Sedimentology, 56: 807–839.
  • Gomoiu, M.-T., Begun, T. and Teaca, A. 2008. A Macrobenthos distribution along the depth gradient on the North-western Black Sea. Proceeding of the Conference IGCP 521, Black Sea-Mediterranean Corridor during last 30 ky: Sea level change and human adaptation, Odessa: 63– 65.
  • Gooday, A.J., Levin, L.A., Aranda da Silva, A., Bett, B.J., Cowie, GL, Dissard, D., Gage, J.D., Hughes, D.J., Jeffreys, R., Lamont, P.A., Larkin, K.E, Murty, S.J., Schumacher, S., Whitcraft, C. and Woulds, C. 2009. Faunal responses to oxygen gradients on the Pakistan margin: a comparison of foraminifera, macrofauna and megafauna. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Tropical Studies in Oceanography, 56: 488–502.
  • Kaneva-Abadjiéva, V. 1959. La faune des Mollusques de la région du Bosphore. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie Bulgare des Sciences, 12: 439–442.
  • Kiselevа, M.I. 1959. Distribution of polychaetes larva’s in plankton of the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Sevastopol Biological Station, 12: 160–167. (In Russian)
  • Kiselevа, M.I. 1969. Composition and distribution of benthos in the near-Bosporus Black Sea region. In: V.A. Vodyanitsky, V.N. Greze, M.A. Dolgopolskaya and E.V. Pavlova (Eds.), Water cycle through Bosporus and his influence on hydrology and biology of the Black Sea, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 233–253. (In Russian)
  • Kiseleva, M.I. 1998. Peculiarity of vertical distribution of polychaetes family Protodrilidae and Nerilidae in the Black Sea // Russian Journal of Zoology, 77: 533– 5 (In Russian).
  • Kiseleva, M.I., Mikhailova, T.V. 1992. The changes in Amphiura stepanovi–Terebellides stroemi community structure in the near-Bosporus Black sea region, In: V.E. Zaika (Ed.). Long-term changes of zoobenthos in the Black Sea, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 99–105. (In Russian)
  • Levin, L.A. 2003. Oxygen minimum zone benthos: adaptation and community response to hypoxia. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 41: 1–45.
  • Marinov, T. 1959. Sur la faune de Polychetes des amas de moules de la mer Noire. Comptes-rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences, 12: 443–446.
  • Marinov, T. 1962. The upper ostracodes fauna at the Black sea western coast // Proceedings of the Institute of Fisheries, Varna, 2: 81–108. (In Bulgarian)
  • Marinov, T. 1978. Qualitative composition and quantitative distribution of the meiobenthos of the Bulgarian Black sea waters, 1. Proceedings of the Institute of Fisheries, Varna, 16: 35–49. (In Bulgarian).
  • Middleburg, J.J. and Levin, L.A. 2009. Coastal hypoxia and sediment biogeochemistry. Biogeosciences Discuss, 6: 3655–3706.
  • Modig, H. and Olafsson, E. 1998. Responses of Baltic benthic invertebrates to hypoxic events. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 229: 133– 1
  • Murray, J.W., Jannasch, H.W., Honjo, S., Anderson, R.F., Reeburgh, W.S., Top, Z., Friederich, G.E., Codispoti, L.A. and Izdar, E. 19 Unexpected changes in the oxicanoxic interface in the Black Sea. Nature, 338: 411–413. Murray, J.W., Codispoti, L.A. and Friederich, G.E. 1993. The suboxic zone in the Black Sea. In: C.P. Huang, C.R. O’Melia and J.J. Morgan (Eds.), Aquatic Chemistry. Interspecies and Interphase Processes. Advances in Chemical Series, 244. Washington DC: American Chemical Society: 157–176.
  • Neretin, L.N., Volkov, I.I., Böttcher, M.E. and Grinenko, V.A. 2001. A sulfur budget for the Black Sea anoxic zone. Deep-Sea Research Part: Oceanographic Research Papers, 48: 2569–2593.
  • Oğuz, T., Latun, V.S., Latif, M.A., Vladimirov, V.V., Sur, H.I., Markov, A.A., Ozsoy, E., Kotovshchikov, B.B., Eremeev, V.V. and Unluata, U. 19 Circulation in the surface and intermediate layers of the Black-Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 40 (8): 1597–1612.
  • Ostroumov, A.A. 1893. Preliminary report about the cruise to Bosporus in summer 1893. Appendix to 324. Proceedings of the Physical–Mathematical Section of the Imperial Academy of Sciences: 1–15.
  • Ostroumov, А.А. 1894. Proceeding materials for the Bosporus natural history. Notes of the imperial Academy of sciences, 74: 1–46.
  • Özsoy, E. and Ünlüata, Ü. 1997. Oceanography of the Black Sea: a review of some recent results. Earth-Science Reviews, 42: 231–272.
  • Revsbech, P. and Ward, D.M. 1983. Oxygen microelectrode that is insensitive to medium chemical composition: Use in an acid microbial mat dominated by Cyanidium caldarum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 45: 755–759.
  • Rosenberg, R. 1980. Effect of oxygen deficiency on benthic macrofauna. In: J.H. Freeland, D.M. Farmer and C.D. Levis (Eds.), Fjord oceanography. Plenum Press, New York: 499–514.
  • Rosenberg, R., Hellman, B. and Johansson, B. 1991. Hypoxic tolerance of marine benthic fauna. Marine Ecology Progress. Series, 79: 127–131.
  • Rullier, F. 1963. Les Annélides polychètes du Bosphore, de la Mer de Marmara et de la Mer Noire, en relation avec celles de la Méditerranée. Extrait des Rapports et Process-Verbaux des Reunions Commission Internationale pour l´Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée, 17: 161–260. Sergeeva, N.G., Gooday, A.J., Mazlumyan, S.A., Kolesnikova, E.A, Lichtschlag, A., Kosheleva, T.N. and Anikeeva, O.V. 2011. Meiobenthos of the Oxic/Anoxic Interface in the Southwestern Region of the Black Sea: Abundance and Taxonomic composition. In: A.V. Altenbach, J.M. Bernhard, J. Seckbach (Eds.), Anoxia: Paleontological Strategies and Evidence for Eukaryote Survival: 369–401.
  • Sergeeva, N.G. and Mazlumyan, S. 2011. Meiobenthos abundance in the bottom sediments of the Bosporus area. Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.762131
  • Sergeeva, N.G. and Zaika, V.E. 2000. Ecology of Polychaeta from bordering pelagic and benthic communities of the Black Sea. Report of the Academy of Science of Ukraine, 1: 197– 201.
  • Shornikov, E.I. 1966. Ostracoda belonging to the group of the fossil Candona lobata (Zalanyi, 1929) in the recent state in the Caspian Sea. Russian Journal of Zoology, 45: 1094–1096. (In Russian)
  • Surugiu, V. 2005. The use of polychaetes as indicators of eutrophication and organic enrichment of coastal waters: a study case – Romanian Black Sea Coast. Analele Stiinţifice ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biologie animală, 51: 55– 62.
  • Vinogradov, K.O. and Zakutsky, V.P. 1964. Towards the Black Sea Echinodermata. Proceedings of the Odessa Biological Station, 5 (In Ukraine)
  • Zaika, V.E. 1991. Bioindications of human induced damage to the Black Sea shelf ecosystem. Proceeding of the Black Sea Symposium. Published by the Black Sea Foundation, 16-18 Sept., Istanbul: 281–284.
  • Zaika, V.E. 2008. Is there animal life at the Black sea great depths? Marine Ecological Journal, 7: 5–11.
  • Zaika, V.E. and Sergeeva, N.G. 2008. The boundary changes of benthic settlement of polychaetes Protodrilus sp. and Vigtorniella zaikai in the Black Sea. Marine Ecological Journal, 7: 49–53. (In Russian)
  • Zaika, V.E. and Sergeeva, N.G. 2009. The vertical distribution of the deep-water ciliates in the Black Sea // Marine Ecological Journal, 8: 30–34. (In Russian)
  • Zernov, S.A. 1913. On the study of the Black Sea biology. Report no: 32, Russian Royal Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 293 pp. (In Russian)
  • Yakubova, L.I. 1948. Features of Biology of the Bosporus area of the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Sevastopol Biological Station, 6: 275–285. (In Russian)
  • Yanko, V.V. and Vorobyova L.V. 1991. Foraminifers of the near Bosporus part of the Black Sea. Ekologiya Morya, 39: 47-51. (In Russian)

Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea

Year 2013, , - , 01.02.2013

Nelli G. Sergeeva Sofia A. Mazlumyan Namik Çagatay Anna Lichtschlag

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05

Abstract

Meiobenthos abundance and distribution on the Black Sea shelf and the upper slope area off the Bosporus Strait outlet was studied along a depth transect from 75 to 300 m water depth. This study represents the first detailed quantitative analysis of the structure and distribution of meiobenthos communities in the transition zone from oxic to anoxic conditions in the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea. Meiobenthos was present at all investigated depths and includes 21 taxa. Among these the Nematoda was the dominant taxon. The maximum of total meiobenthos was located at 75 m, other peaks occured at 88 m, 103 m, 160 m, 250 m. At 300 water depth of 300 m the amount of the meiobenthos significantly decreased, while the abundance of such groups as the Ciliophora and Nematoda showed a relative increase in abundance extension. Essential taxonomic richness and abundance of meiofauna is observed in the sediment from the surface layer to 5 cm depth. These results suggest that some benthic eukaryotes can tolerate anoxic and sulfidic conditions. Further studies of this region's fauna are needed to yield more information about the taxonomic composition of benthos in the transitional oxic/anoxic water masses of the Black Sea.

Keywords

Meiobenthos abundance taxonomic composition distribution along depths

References

  • Başturk, O., Saydam, C., Salihoğlu, I., Eremeeva, L.V., Konovalov, S.K., Stoyanov, A., Dimitrov, A., Cociasu, A., Dorogan, L. and Altabet, M. 1994. Vertical variation in the principle chemical properties of the Black Sea in the autumn of 1991. Marine Chemistry, 45: 149–165.
  • Bặcescu, M. 1960. Citeva animale necunoscite incă in Marea Neagrά si Dewscrierea unor malacostracei noi provenind din apele pontice prebosforice. Biologie Animalặ, 12: 107–124.
  • Bacescu, M. 1963. Contribution a la biocenologie de la mer Noir. L'etage periazoique et la facies dreissenifere leurs caracteristiques. Rapports et Process-Verbaux des Reunions Commission Internationale pour l´Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée, 17: 107–122.
  • Bặcesco, M. and Mặrginneanu, C. 1959. Elements mediterranewns nouveaux pour la faune de la mer Noire, trouvés dans les eaux de Roumelie (NordOuest-Bosphore). Archivio di Oceanografia e Limnologia, 2: 63–73.
  • Bougis, B. 1950. Mèthode pour l’etude quantitative de la microfaune de fonde marine (meiobenthos). Vie Milieu, 1: 23–38.
  • Caraion, F.E. 1959. Ostracode noi in Marea Neagră (apele bosforice).
  • Comunicările Academia Republicii Populare Romîne, 9: 265–273. Chislenko, L.L. 1961. On the existence of dimensional gap in the marine fauna of the littoral and sublittoral. Proceedings of Academy of Sciences of the USSR, New Series, 137: 431–435. (In Russian.)
  • Codispoti, L.A., Friederich, G.E., Murray, J.W. and Sakamato, C.M. 1991. Chemical variability in the Black Sea: Implications of continuous vertical profiles that penetrated the oxic/anoxic interface. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Paper, 38: 691–710.
  • Didkowsky, V.Y. 1969. Foraminifera of the near Bosporus area of the Black Sea. In: K.A. Vinogradov, Z.A. Vinogradova and Yu.P. Zaitsev (Eds.) Biological problems of Oceanography of the southern seas, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 70-72. (In Russian).
  • Dumitrescu, E. 1960. Contributions a la connaissance des Polychetes de la Mer Noire, specialement des eaux prebosphoriques. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Grigore Antipa, 2: 69–85.
  • Dumitrescu, E. 1962. Nouvelle contribution a l’etude des Polychetes de la Mer Noire. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Grigore Antipa 3: 61–
  • Flood, R.D., Hiscott, R.N. and Aksu, A.E. 2009. Morphology and evolution of an anastomosed channel network where saline underflow enters the Black Sea. Sedimentology, 56: 807–839.
  • Gomoiu, M.-T., Begun, T. and Teaca, A. 2008. A Macrobenthos distribution along the depth gradient on the North-western Black Sea. Proceeding of the Conference IGCP 521, Black Sea-Mediterranean Corridor during last 30 ky: Sea level change and human adaptation, Odessa: 63– 65.
  • Gooday, A.J., Levin, L.A., Aranda da Silva, A., Bett, B.J., Cowie, GL, Dissard, D., Gage, J.D., Hughes, D.J., Jeffreys, R., Lamont, P.A., Larkin, K.E, Murty, S.J., Schumacher, S., Whitcraft, C. and Woulds, C. 2009. Faunal responses to oxygen gradients on the Pakistan margin: a comparison of foraminifera, macrofauna and megafauna. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Tropical Studies in Oceanography, 56: 488–502.
  • Kaneva-Abadjiéva, V. 1959. La faune des Mollusques de la région du Bosphore. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie Bulgare des Sciences, 12: 439–442.
  • Kiselevа, M.I. 1959. Distribution of polychaetes larva’s in plankton of the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Sevastopol Biological Station, 12: 160–167. (In Russian)
  • Kiselevа, M.I. 1969. Composition and distribution of benthos in the near-Bosporus Black Sea region. In: V.A. Vodyanitsky, V.N. Greze, M.A. Dolgopolskaya and E.V. Pavlova (Eds.), Water cycle through Bosporus and his influence on hydrology and biology of the Black Sea, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 233–253. (In Russian)
  • Kiseleva, M.I. 1998. Peculiarity of vertical distribution of polychaetes family Protodrilidae and Nerilidae in the Black Sea // Russian Journal of Zoology, 77: 533– 5 (In Russian).
  • Kiseleva, M.I., Mikhailova, T.V. 1992. The changes in Amphiura stepanovi–Terebellides stroemi community structure in the near-Bosporus Black sea region, In: V.E. Zaika (Ed.). Long-term changes of zoobenthos in the Black Sea, Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 99–105. (In Russian)
  • Levin, L.A. 2003. Oxygen minimum zone benthos: adaptation and community response to hypoxia. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 41: 1–45.
  • Marinov, T. 1959. Sur la faune de Polychetes des amas de moules de la mer Noire. Comptes-rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences, 12: 443–446.
  • Marinov, T. 1962. The upper ostracodes fauna at the Black sea western coast // Proceedings of the Institute of Fisheries, Varna, 2: 81–108. (In Bulgarian)
  • Marinov, T. 1978. Qualitative composition and quantitative distribution of the meiobenthos of the Bulgarian Black sea waters, 1. Proceedings of the Institute of Fisheries, Varna, 16: 35–49. (In Bulgarian).
  • Middleburg, J.J. and Levin, L.A. 2009. Coastal hypoxia and sediment biogeochemistry. Biogeosciences Discuss, 6: 3655–3706.
  • Modig, H. and Olafsson, E. 1998. Responses of Baltic benthic invertebrates to hypoxic events. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 229: 133– 1
  • Murray, J.W., Jannasch, H.W., Honjo, S., Anderson, R.F., Reeburgh, W.S., Top, Z., Friederich, G.E., Codispoti, L.A. and Izdar, E. 19 Unexpected changes in the oxicanoxic interface in the Black Sea. Nature, 338: 411–413. Murray, J.W., Codispoti, L.A. and Friederich, G.E. 1993. The suboxic zone in the Black Sea. In: C.P. Huang, C.R. O’Melia and J.J. Morgan (Eds.), Aquatic Chemistry. Interspecies and Interphase Processes. Advances in Chemical Series, 244. Washington DC: American Chemical Society: 157–176.
  • Neretin, L.N., Volkov, I.I., Böttcher, M.E. and Grinenko, V.A. 2001. A sulfur budget for the Black Sea anoxic zone. Deep-Sea Research Part: Oceanographic Research Papers, 48: 2569–2593.
  • Oğuz, T., Latun, V.S., Latif, M.A., Vladimirov, V.V., Sur, H.I., Markov, A.A., Ozsoy, E., Kotovshchikov, B.B., Eremeev, V.V. and Unluata, U. 19 Circulation in the surface and intermediate layers of the Black-Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 40 (8): 1597–1612.
  • Ostroumov, A.A. 1893. Preliminary report about the cruise to Bosporus in summer 1893. Appendix to 324. Proceedings of the Physical–Mathematical Section of the Imperial Academy of Sciences: 1–15.
  • Ostroumov, А.А. 1894. Proceeding materials for the Bosporus natural history. Notes of the imperial Academy of sciences, 74: 1–46.
  • Özsoy, E. and Ünlüata, Ü. 1997. Oceanography of the Black Sea: a review of some recent results. Earth-Science Reviews, 42: 231–272.
  • Revsbech, P. and Ward, D.M. 1983. Oxygen microelectrode that is insensitive to medium chemical composition: Use in an acid microbial mat dominated by Cyanidium caldarum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 45: 755–759.
  • Rosenberg, R. 1980. Effect of oxygen deficiency on benthic macrofauna. In: J.H. Freeland, D.M. Farmer and C.D. Levis (Eds.), Fjord oceanography. Plenum Press, New York: 499–514.
  • Rosenberg, R., Hellman, B. and Johansson, B. 1991. Hypoxic tolerance of marine benthic fauna. Marine Ecology Progress. Series, 79: 127–131.
  • Rullier, F. 1963. Les Annélides polychètes du Bosphore, de la Mer de Marmara et de la Mer Noire, en relation avec celles de la Méditerranée. Extrait des Rapports et Process-Verbaux des Reunions Commission Internationale pour l´Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée, 17: 161–260. Sergeeva, N.G., Gooday, A.J., Mazlumyan, S.A., Kolesnikova, E.A, Lichtschlag, A., Kosheleva, T.N. and Anikeeva, O.V. 2011. Meiobenthos of the Oxic/Anoxic Interface in the Southwestern Region of the Black Sea: Abundance and Taxonomic composition. In: A.V. Altenbach, J.M. Bernhard, J. Seckbach (Eds.), Anoxia: Paleontological Strategies and Evidence for Eukaryote Survival: 369–401.
  • Sergeeva, N.G. and Mazlumyan, S. 2011. Meiobenthos abundance in the bottom sediments of the Bosporus area. Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sevastopol, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.762131
  • Sergeeva, N.G. and Zaika, V.E. 2000. Ecology of Polychaeta from bordering pelagic and benthic communities of the Black Sea. Report of the Academy of Science of Ukraine, 1: 197– 201.
  • Shornikov, E.I. 1966. Ostracoda belonging to the group of the fossil Candona lobata (Zalanyi, 1929) in the recent state in the Caspian Sea. Russian Journal of Zoology, 45: 1094–1096. (In Russian)
  • Surugiu, V. 2005. The use of polychaetes as indicators of eutrophication and organic enrichment of coastal waters: a study case – Romanian Black Sea Coast. Analele Stiinţifice ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biologie animală, 51: 55– 62.
  • Vinogradov, K.O. and Zakutsky, V.P. 1964. Towards the Black Sea Echinodermata. Proceedings of the Odessa Biological Station, 5 (In Ukraine)
  • Zaika, V.E. 1991. Bioindications of human induced damage to the Black Sea shelf ecosystem. Proceeding of the Black Sea Symposium. Published by the Black Sea Foundation, 16-18 Sept., Istanbul: 281–284.
  • Zaika, V.E. 2008. Is there animal life at the Black sea great depths? Marine Ecological Journal, 7: 5–11.
  • Zaika, V.E. and Sergeeva, N.G. 2008. The boundary changes of benthic settlement of polychaetes Protodrilus sp. and Vigtorniella zaikai in the Black Sea. Marine Ecological Journal, 7: 49–53. (In Russian)
  • Zaika, V.E. and Sergeeva, N.G. 2009. The vertical distribution of the deep-water ciliates in the Black Sea // Marine Ecological Journal, 8: 30–34. (In Russian)
  • Zernov, S.A. 1913. On the study of the Black Sea biology. Report no: 32, Russian Royal Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 293 pp. (In Russian)
  • Yakubova, L.I. 1948. Features of Biology of the Bosporus area of the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Sevastopol Biological Station, 6: 275–285. (In Russian)
  • Yanko, V.V. and Vorobyova L.V. 1991. Foraminifers of the near Bosporus part of the Black Sea. Ekologiya Morya, 39: 47-51. (In Russian)
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nelli G. Sergeeva This is me

Sofia A. Mazlumyan This is me

Namik Çagatay This is me

Anna Lichtschlag This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013

Cite

APA Sergeeva, N. G., Mazlumyan, S. A., Çagatay, N., Lichtschlag, A. (2013). Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05
AMA Sergeeva NG, Mazlumyan SA, Çagatay N, Lichtschlag A. Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. February 2013;13(1). doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05
Chicago Sergeeva, Nelli G., Sofia A. Mazlumyan, Namik Çagatay, and Anna Lichtschlag. “Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13, no. 1 (February 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05.
EndNote Sergeeva NG, Mazlumyan SA, Çagatay N, Lichtschlag A (February 1, 2013) Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13 1
IEEE N. G. Sergeeva, S. A. Mazlumyan, N. Çagatay, and A. Lichtschlag, “Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea”, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2013, doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05.
ISNAD Sergeeva, Nelli G. et al. “Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13/1 (February 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05.
JAMA Sergeeva NG, Mazlumyan SA, Çagatay N, Lichtschlag A. Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13. doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05.
MLA Sergeeva, Nelli G. et al. “Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2013, doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_05.
Vancouver Sergeeva NG, Mazlumyan SA, Çagatay N, Lichtschlag A. Hypoxic Meiobenthic Communities of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13(1).