<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>trjmms</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2564-7016</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ordu University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52998/trjmms.1827865</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Deck and Navigation Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Güverte ve Seyir Mühendisliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Challenges in Developing Maritime Safety Training Courses in Georgian MET Centers</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Challenges in Developing Maritime Safety Training Courses in Georgian MET Centers</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8942-3001</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Sharabidze</surname>
                                    <given-names>Irakli</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Batumi State Maritime Academy</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-4567</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kakhidze</surname>
                                    <given-names>Abdul</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Batumi State Maritime Academy</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-1006</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gegenava</surname>
                                    <given-names>Avtandil</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Batumi State maritime Academy</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1018-9412</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Babilodze</surname>
                                    <given-names>Joni</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Batumi State maritime Academy</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                                                <issue>Advanced Online Publication</issue>
                                                
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251121">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>21</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260313">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>This paper investigates the current state and perceives effectiveness of maritime safety trainings by active seafarers. The study is based on a structured survey of 307 seafarers holding Certificates of Competency (CoC) or Certificates of Proficiency (CoP) issued in Georgia and serving in various ranks and departments aboard ocean-going merchant vessels. The research highlights seafarers’ individual perceptions regarding onboard safety protocols, the adequacy of safety training programs, preparedness for emergency situations, and the needs to develop additional professional competencies. The study underscores the critical importance of the human element in maritime safety and emphasizes the essential role of safety drills in decreasing maritime accidents both on board ships and at maritime training centers. The findings reveal a generally positive evaluation of compliance with safety requirements and the overall effectiveness of existing trainings. However, certain weaknesses remain, particularly regarding the practical components of training, the scheduling of courses and the quality of training content. In addition, respondents expressed a strong demand for supplementary training programs, especially in Maritime English, maritime law, and leadership development. The study concludes with recommendations for MET institutions, aiming to enhance training delivery, ensure alignment with international regulatory frameworks and more effectively respond to the evolving needs of seafarers operating in dynamic maritime environments.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>This paper investigates the current state and perceives effectiveness of maritime safety trainings by active seafarers. The study is based on a structured survey of 307 seafarers holding Certificates of Competency (CoC) or Certificates of Proficiency (CoP) issued in Georgia and serving in various ranks and departments aboard ocean-going merchant vessels. The research highlights seafarers’ individual perceptions regarding onboard safety protocols, the adequacy of safety training programs, preparedness for emergency situations, and the needs to develop additional professional competencies. The study underscores the critical importance of the human element in maritime safety and emphasizes the essential role of safety drills in decreasing maritime accidents both on board ships and at maritime training centers. The findings reveal a generally positive evaluation of compliance with safety requirements and the overall effectiveness of existing trainings. However, certain weaknesses remain, particularly regarding the practical components of training, the scheduling of courses and the quality of training content. In addition, respondents expressed a strong demand for supplementary training programs, especially in Maritime English, maritime law, and leadership development. The study concludes with recommendations for MET institutions, aiming to enhance training delivery, ensure alignment with international regulatory frameworks and more effectively respond to the evolving needs of seafarers operating in dynamic maritime environments.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Traing of Seafarer</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  maritime safety</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  trainig course</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  human factor</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  shipping</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  met</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>maritime training</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Human Factor</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  shipping</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  met</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">De Melo, G. (2024, June). Safety at sea and maritime environment protection with special references to training needs for the emerging new fuels. In Maritime Transport Conference (No. 10).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fan, S., Blanco-Davis, E., Fairclough, S., Zhang, J., Yan, X., Wang, J., Yang, Z. (2023). Incorporation of seafarer psychological factors into maritime safety assessment. Ocean &amp; Coastal Management, 237: 106515.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hasanspahić, N., Vujičić, S., Frančić, V., Čampara, L. (2021a). The Role of the Human Factor in Marine Accidents, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(3): 261. doi: 10.3390/jmse9030261.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hasanspahić, N., Frančić, V., Vujičić, S., Mandušić, M. (2021b). Safety leadership as a means for safe and sustainable shipping. Sustainability, 13(14), 7841.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hickethier, A.F., Yang, C.C. (2023). An Analysis of Causes Related to Human Factors in Maritime Accidents. International Journal of Maritime Engineering, 165(A2): 125-134.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Macrae, C. (2009). Human factors at sea: common patterns of error in groundings and collisions. Maritime Policy &amp; Management, 36(1): 21-38.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Markopoulos, E., Luimula, M. (2020). Immersive safe oceans technology: Developing virtual onboard training episodes for maritime safety. Future Internet, 12(5), 80.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Maternová, A., Materna, M., Dávid, A., Török, A., Švábová, L. (2023). Human error analysis and fatality prediction in maritime accidents. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11(12): 2287.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rodriguez, A.J., Hubbard, M.C. (1998). International Safety Management (ISM) Code: a new level of uniformity. Tulane Law Review, 73, 1585.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Safety Analysis of EMCIP Data, (2022). Analysis of Navigation Accidents”. Summary Report. European Maritime Safety Agency. Accessed Date: 19/06/2025, https://safety4sea.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/EMSA-EMCIP-Navigation-Accidents-2022_09.pdf is retrieved.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Safety and Shipping Review Insights, (2024). Allianz Commercial, Accessed Date: 22/06/2025, https://commercial.allianz.com/news-and-insights/reports/shipping-safety.html; is retrieved.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">United Nations Trade, &amp; Development (UNCTAD). (2024). Review of Maritime Transport 2024: Navigating Maritime Chokepoints. Stylus Publishing, LLC, Accessed Date:23/06/2025, 
https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/rmt2024overview_en.pdf is retrieved.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wróbel, K. (2021). Searching for the origins of the myth: 80% human error impact on maritime safety. Reliability Engineering &amp; System Safety, 216, 107942.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
