PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?

Nazım Şekeroğlu; Gulfer Cimen; Muhittin Kulak; Sevgi Gezici

doi:10.23902/trkjnat.992275

Research Article

PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 43 - 52, 15.04.2022

Nazım Şekeroğlu Gulfer Cimen Muhittin Kulak Sevgi Gezici

https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.992275

Abstract

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) flowers and its distilled products are of major raw materials for cosmetic, perfumery, medicine and cleaning industries. Lavender flower production, essential oils and their qualities are affected by growing conditions and used agricultural methods. Mulching is a cultural application used for horticultural production in order to combat weeds, keep the soil temperature constant, eliminate soil moisture evaporation, provide favourable growth conditions for ample flower production, and improve the quality essential oil production. In this sense, plastic mulch application is the mainly preferred method by the growers, due to its low costs and durability. In the present study, two-year field (2014-2015) studies were carried out to evaluate the lavender flower production, essential oil yield in both conventional (without mulch) and plastic mulching systems in city of Kilis-Turkey. The individual essential oil compounds were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Essential oils obtained from dried flowers were assayed for their neuroprotective effects. According to the results, fresh and dry inflorescence yields, dry flower yields, flower essential oil contents and compositions were affected by different growing methods, including (1) plastic mulching system and (2) conventional (without mulch) system. Considering the fresh inflorescence changes, mulching increased the yield by 147.84% in the first year while no significant changes were noted between treatments. Interestingly, dry inflorescence yield did not show a significant increase for both growing systems at first year but mulching enhanced the yield by 9.87% in the second year, in related to the traditional treatment. The results revealed that dry flower was not affected by both growing systems corresponding to the years. As for essential oil content, no changes were noted for both growing systems in the first year, whilst mulching increased the content by 13.73% in the second year. As the case of agricultural yield, the neuroprotective activities of essential oils obtained from mulching conditions exerted higher inhibitory roles against Acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase (TYRO) enzymes, in relative to the traditional treatments by 81.62%, 84.12%, 73.34% in the first year and by 76.15%, 79.80% and 68.02% in the second year. Such a high variation in neuroprotective activities can be explained by changes in essential oil contents, as observed for the percentage of the compounds. Consequently, these findings reveal that mulching application significantly contributes to the increase of agricultural yield and the growing of medicinal and aromatic plants that are more resistant to changing environmental conditions and biotic stress factors.

Keywords

Lavandula angustifolia Mill, terpenoid, Secondary metabolites, Medicinal and aromatic plants, Cosmetics

Supporting Institution

Kilis 7 Aralik University Scientific Research and Projects Unit (BAP) with the project number 2014/02/LTP/03.

Project Number

project number 2014/02/LTP/03.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank Kilis 7 Aralik University, Advanced Technology Application and Research Centre for their technical support. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Kilis 7 Aralik University, Agricultural Application and Research Centre for providing the field experiments. This study was financed by Kilis 7 Aralik University Scientific Research and Projects Unit (BAP) with the project number 2014/02/LTP/03. The authors would like to thank to Kilis 7 Aralik University Scientific Research and Projects Unit (BAP) for their valuable support.

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Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 43 - 52, 15.04.2022

Nazım Şekeroğlu Gulfer Cimen Muhittin Kulak Sevgi Gezici

https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.992275

Abstract

Lavanta (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) çiçekleri ve distile ürünleri kozmetik, parfümeri, ilaç ve temizlik endüstrilerinin başlıca hammaddesidir. Lavanta çiçeği üretimi, uçucu yağlar ve nitelikleri, yetiştirme koşullarından ve kullanılan tarım yöntemlerinden etkilenir. Malçlama, yabani otlarla mücadele etmek, toprak sıcaklığını sabit tutmak, topraktaki nem buharlaşmasını ortadan kaldırmak, bol çiçek üretimi için uygun büyüme koşullarını sağlamak ve kaliteli uçucu yağ üretimini iyileştirmek amacıyla bahçecilik üretiminde kullanılan kültürel bir uygulamadır. Bu anlamda plastik malç uygulaması, düşük maliyeti ve dayanıklılığı nedeniyle yetiştiriciler tarafından en çok tercih edilen yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, Kilis ilinde hem geleneksel (malçsız) hem de malçlama sistemlerinde lavanta çiçeği üretimi, uçucu yağ veriminin değerlendirilmesi için iki yıllık (2014-2015) arazi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrı ayrı uçucu yağ bileşikleri, Gaz Kromatografisi-Kütle Spektrometresi (GC-MS) kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, taze ve kuru çiçeklenme verimleri, kuru çiçek verimleri, çiçek uçucu yağ içerikleri ve kompozisyonları (1) plastik malç sistemi (2) geleneksel (malç uygulamadan) sistem olmak üzere farklı yetiştirme yöntemlerinden etkilenmiştir. Taze çiçeklenme değişiklikleri göz önüne alındığında, malçlama ilk yılda verimi %147.84 artırırken, uygulamalar arasında önemli bir farklılık belirlenmemiştir. İlginç bir şekilde, kuru çiçek verimi birinci yılda her iki yetiştirme yöntemi için de önemli bir artış göstermemiştir ancak malçlama ikinci yılda geleneksel uygulamalara göre verimi %9.87 artırmıştır. Sonuçlar, kuru çiçeğin yıllara tekabül eden her iki yetiştirme yönteminden de etkilenmediğini ortaya koymuştur. Uçucu yağ içeriğine gelince, ilk yılda her iki yetiştirme yöntemi için de herhangi bir değişiklik görülmezken, ikinci yılda malçlama içeriği %13.73 oranında artırmıştır. Tarımsal verimde olduğu gibi, malçlama uygulamalarından elde edilen uçucu yağların nöroprotektif aktiviteleri, geleneksel tedavilere kıyasla asetil-kolinesteraz (AChE), butiril-kolinesteraz (BChE) ve tirozinaz (TYRO) enzimlerine karşı daha yüksek inhibitör roller sergilemiştir. Birinci yılda %81.62, %84.12, %73.34 ve ikinci yılda %76.15, %79.80 ve %68.02 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Nöroprotektif aktivitelerdeki bu kadar yüksek bir varyasyon, bileşiklerin yüzdesi için gözlemlendiği gibi, uçucu yağ içeriğindeki değişiklikleri ile de açıklanabilir. Sonuç olarak bu bulgular, malçlama uygulamasının tarımsal verimin artmasına ve değişen çevre koşullarına ve biyotik stres faktörlerine daha dayanıklı tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin yetiştirilmesine önemli ölçüde katkı sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Project Number

project number 2014/02/LTP/03.

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13. Deng, H.L., Xiong, Y. C., Zhang, H.J., Li, F. Q., Zhou, H., Wang, Y.C. & Deng, Z.R. 2019. Maize productivity and soil properties in the Loess Plateau in response to ridge-furrow cultivation with polyethylene and straw mulch. Science Report 9, 3090. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39637-w
14. El-Gamal, S. & Ahmed, H. M. I. 2017. Influence of Different Maturity Stages on Fruit Yield and Essential Oil Content of Some Apiaceae Family Plants B: Fennel (Foeniculu mvulgare Mill.). Journal of Plant Production, 8(1). 127-133.
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18. Fernandes VF, de-Almeida LB, Feijo EV\RS, Silva DC, Oliveira RA, Mielke MS, et al. 2013. Light intensity on growth, leaf, micromorphology and essential oil production of Ocimum gratissimum. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 23: 419-424.
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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Structural Biology, Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section	Research Article/Araştırma Makalesi
Authors	Nazım Şekeroğlu 0000-0002-0630-0106 Gulfer Cimen 0000-0002-1488-0243 Muhittin Kulak 0000-0003-3673-9221 Sevgi Gezici 0000-0002-4856-0221
Project Number	project number 2014/02/LTP/03.
Publication Date	April 15, 2022
Submission Date	September 7, 2021
Acceptance Date	December 15, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2022 Volume: 23 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Şekeroğlu, N., Cimen, G., Kulak, M., Gezici, S. (2022). PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, 23(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.992275
AMA	Şekeroğlu N, Cimen G, Kulak M, Gezici S. PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. April 2022;23(1):43-52. doi:10.23902/trkjnat.992275
Chicago	Şekeroğlu, Nazım, Gulfer Cimen, Muhittin Kulak, and Sevgi Gezici. “PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 23, no. 1 (April 2022): 43-52. https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.992275.
EndNote	Şekeroğlu N, Cimen G, Kulak M, Gezici S (April 1, 2022) PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 23 1 43–52.
IEEE	N. Şekeroğlu, G. Cimen, M. Kulak, and S. Gezici, “PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?”, Trakya Univ J Nat Sci, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 43–52, 2022, doi: 10.23902/trkjnat.992275.
ISNAD	Şekeroğlu, Nazım et al. “PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 23/1 (April 2022), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.992275.
JAMA	Şekeroğlu N, Cimen G, Kulak M, Gezici S. PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. 2022;23:43–52.
MLA	Şekeroğlu, Nazım et al. “PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, vol. 23, no. 1, 2022, pp. 43-52, doi:10.23902/trkjnat.992275.
Vancouver	Şekeroğlu N, Cimen G, Kulak M, Gezici S. PLASTIC MULCHING OR CONVENTIONAL CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER FLOWER: WHAT INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD, ESSENTIAL OIL AND THEIR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS?. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. 2022;23(1):43-52.

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