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İNSANİ MÜDAHALENİN MÜDAHALE EDİLEN ÜLKE ÜZERİNDE YARATTIĞI ETKİNİN RUANDA VE SOMALİ ÖRNEKLERİ ÜZERİNDEN ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM İLE İNCELEMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 351 - 369, 27.09.2021

Abstract

İnsani müdahale kavramı tarihsel süreçte uygulamada ve teoride değişime uğrayan bir kavram olmuştur. Kavramın özünde batılı kaynaklardan beslenen ve kural koyucularının yine aynı kaynaklar olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada insani müdahale kavramı eleştirel bir bakış açısı ile ele alınmıştır. Ruanda ve Somali’ye yapılan müdahaleler incelenerek; müdahale öncesi, esnası ve sonrası değerlendirilmiştir. Bu sayede, tarihsel sonuçları ile birlikte insani müdahalenin pratikteki karşılığı gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma hem kavramsal bir eleştirel yöntem ile hem de uygulamalı örnekler üzerinden güçlendirilmiştir.

References

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  • Bernard, L. (2004). Rwanda : un génocide en questions. Paris: Le Rocher.
  • Chandler, D. (2006). From Kosovo to Kabul and Beyond: Human Rights and International Intervention. Pluto Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2008). Humanitarian Imperialism: the new doctrine of imperial right. In Monthly Review (September). 22-50.
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  • Clark, J. (1993). Debacle in Somalia. Foreign Affairs, 72 (1), 109-123.
  • Crossley, N. K. (2019). Is R2P Still Controversial? Continuity and Change in the Debate on 'Humanitarian Intervention'. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31 (5), 415-436.
  • Cunliffe, P. (2010). Dangerous Duties: Power, Paternalism and the “Responsibility to Protect”. Review of International Studies. 36 (special issue).
  • Dallaire, R. (2003). J'ai serré la main du diable. Paris: Libre Expression.
  • Elmi, A. A. (2010). Understanding the Somalia conflagration: Identity, political Islam and peacebuilding. Pluto Press.
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  • Gozzi, G. (2017). The “Discourse” of International Law and Humanitarian Intervention. Ratio Juris, 30 (2), 186-204.
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  • ICISS. (2001). The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. ICISS.
  • Ignatieff, M. (2003). Political authority after intervention: gradations in sovereignty içinde Holzgrefe, J. L. Ve Keohane, R. O. Humanitarian intervention: Ethical, legal, and political dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • International Commission On Intervention And State Sovereignty. (2001). The Responsibility to Protect. The International Development Research Centre. http://responsibilitytoprotect.org (Son ziyaret tarihi: 05.11.19)
  • International Federation Of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies. (1997). Can Military Intervention and Humanitarian Action Coexist? World Disasters Report. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
  • Kaldor, M. (2013). In Defence of New Wars. Stability, 1, 1-16.
  • Kinzer, S. (2008). A Thousand Hills: Rwanda's Rebirth and the Man Who Dreamed it. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Knudsen, T. B. (1997). Humanitarian Intervention Revisited: Post-Cold War Responses to Classical Problems, içinde MICHAEL, P. The UN, Peace and Force. Londra: Frank Cass.
  • Krieg, A. (2013). Motivations for Humanitarian Intervention: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Kuperman, J. A. (2001). The limits of humanitarian intervention : genocide in Rwanda. The Brookings Institution Press: Washington, D.C.
  • Ludwig, F. J. (2010). Humanitarian interventions: a critical approach. Universitas: Relações Internacionais, 8 (1), 27-38.
  • Mamdani, M. (2010). Responsibility to Protect or Right to Punish?. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. 4 (1), 53-67.
  • Mandelbaum, Michael. (2002) The ideas that conquered the world. New York: Public Affairs.
  • Mcqueen, C. (2006). Humanitarian Intervention and Safety Zones: Iraq, Bosnia and Rwanda, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Murphy, S. (1996). Humanitarian Intervention: The United Nations in an Evolving World Order. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Mutua, M. W. (2000). “What is TWAIL?, Proceedings of the 94th Anual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, 94, 31-38.
  • Okechukwu, G. P. (2011). The Politics and Failures of Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in African Conflicts. Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 3 (3), 581-606.
  • Piton, F. (2018). Le génocide des Tutsi du Rwanda. La Découverte.
  • Prunier, G. (1997) Rwanda, 1959-1996 : Histoire d'un génocide, Paris : Édition Dagorno.
  • Prunier, G. (1999). The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide. Kampala: Fountain Publishers Limited.
  • Robertson, S. (2005). ‘Beseeching Dominance’: Critical Thoughts on the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ Doctrine. Australian International Law Journal, 12.
  • Schachter, O. (1984). The Legality of Pro-democratic Invasion. American Journal of International Law. 649.
  • Shearer, D. (2000). Aiding or Abetting: Humanitarian Aid and its Economic Role in Civil War içinde Berdal, M. ve Malone D. M. Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars. 189–203.
  • Teson, F. R. (1997). Humanitarian Intervention: An Inquiry into Law and Morality. New York: Transnational.
  • UN. (1945). Charter of the United Nations https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3930.html (Son ziyaret tarihi: 16.11.19)
  • UN. (1992). Security Council Resolution 688, UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 929. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 925. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 794. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1992). Security Council Resolution 751. UN SCOR.
  • UN General Assembly. (2005). 2005 World Summit Outcome : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly A/RES/60/1.
  • UN. (2005) Birleşmiş Milletler Reformu Raporu. http://www.un.org.tr/includes/files/18.pdf (Son ziyaret tarihi: 30.11.2019).
  • Verwimp, P. (2000). Development Ideology, the Peasantry and Genocide: Rwanda Represented in Habyarimana's Speeches. Journal of Genocide Research. 2 (19). 325-361.
  • Wallis, A. (2006). Silent Accomplice: The Untold Story of France's Role in the Rwandan Genocide. London: I.B.Tauris.
  • Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Weiss, T. G. (2004). The Sunset of Humanitarian Intervention? The Responsibilty to Protect in a Unipolar Era. Security Dialogue, 35(2), 135-153.
  • Williams, P. R. Ve Stewart M. E. (2008). Humanitarian Intervention: The New Missing Link in the Fight to Prevent Crimes against Humanity and Genocide. Case W. Res. J. Int'l L, 40 (1), 97-110.
Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 351 - 369, 27.09.2021

Abstract

References

  • Annan, K. A. (1999). The consept of two sovereignty. The Economist, https://www.economist.com/international/1999/09/16/two-concepts-of-sovereignty, (Son ziyaret tarihi: 30.11.2019).
  • Annan, K. (2005). In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights for All. U.N. Doc. A/59/2005.
  • Arsava, F. A. (2011). Egemenlik ve Koruma Sorumluluğu. Gazi Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 15 (1), 101-214.
  • Bellamy, A. J. ve Wheeler, N. J. (2008), Humanitarian Intervention in World Politics içinde Baylis, J., Smith S. ve Owens P. The Globalisation of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. Oxford-New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Bernard, L. (2004). Rwanda : un génocide en questions. Paris: Le Rocher.
  • Chandler, D. (2006). From Kosovo to Kabul and Beyond: Human Rights and International Intervention. Pluto Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2008). Humanitarian Imperialism: the new doctrine of imperial right. In Monthly Review (September). 22-50.
  • Chrétien, J. P. (2000). L'Afrique des Grands Lacs, Paris: Aubier.
  • CIA World Factbook. (2007). https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html.
  • Clark, J. (1993). Debacle in Somalia. Foreign Affairs, 72 (1), 109-123.
  • Crossley, N. K. (2019). Is R2P Still Controversial? Continuity and Change in the Debate on 'Humanitarian Intervention'. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31 (5), 415-436.
  • Cunliffe, P. (2010). Dangerous Duties: Power, Paternalism and the “Responsibility to Protect”. Review of International Studies. 36 (special issue).
  • Dallaire, R. (2003). J'ai serré la main du diable. Paris: Libre Expression.
  • Elmi, A. A. (2010). Understanding the Somalia conflagration: Identity, political Islam and peacebuilding. Pluto Press.
  • Fineman, Mark. (1993). The Oil Factor in Somalia. http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-18/news/mn-1337_1_oil-reserves (24.11.2019).
  • Gozzi, G. (2017). The “Discourse” of International Law and Humanitarian Intervention. Ratio Juris, 30 (2), 186-204.
  • Holzgrefe, J. L. (2003). Humanitarian Intervention Debate içinde Holzgrefe, J. L., ve Keohane, R. O. Humanitarian intervention: Ethical, legal, and political dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • ICISS. (2001). The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. ICISS.
  • Ignatieff, M. (2003). Political authority after intervention: gradations in sovereignty içinde Holzgrefe, J. L. Ve Keohane, R. O. Humanitarian intervention: Ethical, legal, and political dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • International Commission On Intervention And State Sovereignty. (2001). The Responsibility to Protect. The International Development Research Centre. http://responsibilitytoprotect.org (Son ziyaret tarihi: 05.11.19)
  • International Federation Of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies. (1997). Can Military Intervention and Humanitarian Action Coexist? World Disasters Report. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
  • Kaldor, M. (2013). In Defence of New Wars. Stability, 1, 1-16.
  • Kinzer, S. (2008). A Thousand Hills: Rwanda's Rebirth and the Man Who Dreamed it. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Knudsen, T. B. (1997). Humanitarian Intervention Revisited: Post-Cold War Responses to Classical Problems, içinde MICHAEL, P. The UN, Peace and Force. Londra: Frank Cass.
  • Krieg, A. (2013). Motivations for Humanitarian Intervention: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Kuperman, J. A. (2001). The limits of humanitarian intervention : genocide in Rwanda. The Brookings Institution Press: Washington, D.C.
  • Ludwig, F. J. (2010). Humanitarian interventions: a critical approach. Universitas: Relações Internacionais, 8 (1), 27-38.
  • Mamdani, M. (2010). Responsibility to Protect or Right to Punish?. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. 4 (1), 53-67.
  • Mandelbaum, Michael. (2002) The ideas that conquered the world. New York: Public Affairs.
  • Mcqueen, C. (2006). Humanitarian Intervention and Safety Zones: Iraq, Bosnia and Rwanda, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Murphy, S. (1996). Humanitarian Intervention: The United Nations in an Evolving World Order. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Mutua, M. W. (2000). “What is TWAIL?, Proceedings of the 94th Anual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, 94, 31-38.
  • Okechukwu, G. P. (2011). The Politics and Failures of Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in African Conflicts. Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 3 (3), 581-606.
  • Piton, F. (2018). Le génocide des Tutsi du Rwanda. La Découverte.
  • Prunier, G. (1997) Rwanda, 1959-1996 : Histoire d'un génocide, Paris : Édition Dagorno.
  • Prunier, G. (1999). The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide. Kampala: Fountain Publishers Limited.
  • Robertson, S. (2005). ‘Beseeching Dominance’: Critical Thoughts on the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ Doctrine. Australian International Law Journal, 12.
  • Schachter, O. (1984). The Legality of Pro-democratic Invasion. American Journal of International Law. 649.
  • Shearer, D. (2000). Aiding or Abetting: Humanitarian Aid and its Economic Role in Civil War içinde Berdal, M. ve Malone D. M. Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars. 189–203.
  • Teson, F. R. (1997). Humanitarian Intervention: An Inquiry into Law and Morality. New York: Transnational.
  • UN. (1945). Charter of the United Nations https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3930.html (Son ziyaret tarihi: 16.11.19)
  • UN. (1992). Security Council Resolution 688, UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 929. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 925. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1994). Security Council Resolution 794. UN SCOR.
  • UN. (1992). Security Council Resolution 751. UN SCOR.
  • UN General Assembly. (2005). 2005 World Summit Outcome : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly A/RES/60/1.
  • UN. (2005) Birleşmiş Milletler Reformu Raporu. http://www.un.org.tr/includes/files/18.pdf (Son ziyaret tarihi: 30.11.2019).
  • Verwimp, P. (2000). Development Ideology, the Peasantry and Genocide: Rwanda Represented in Habyarimana's Speeches. Journal of Genocide Research. 2 (19). 325-361.
  • Wallis, A. (2006). Silent Accomplice: The Untold Story of France's Role in the Rwandan Genocide. London: I.B.Tauris.
  • Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Weiss, T. G. (2004). The Sunset of Humanitarian Intervention? The Responsibilty to Protect in a Unipolar Era. Security Dialogue, 35(2), 135-153.
  • Williams, P. R. Ve Stewart M. E. (2008). Humanitarian Intervention: The New Missing Link in the Fight to Prevent Crimes against Humanity and Genocide. Case W. Res. J. Int'l L, 40 (1), 97-110.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Political Science, International Relations
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tevfik Karpuzcu

Publication Date September 27, 2021
Submission Date July 12, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karpuzcu, T. (2021). İNSANİ MÜDAHALENİN MÜDAHALE EDİLEN ÜLKE ÜZERİNDE YARATTIĞI ETKİNİN RUANDA VE SOMALİ ÖRNEKLERİ ÜZERİNDEN ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM İLE İNCELEMESİ. Türkiye Siyaset Bilimi Dergisi, 4(2), 351-369.

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