Investigation of Cardio Exercise's Effects on Body Perception and Life Satisfaction in Relation with Some Parameters

Year 2018, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 57 - 62, 31.08.2018

Gulsum Baştuğ Kemal Göral Sümmani Ekici Okan Volkan Karatan

https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.427664

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the
effect of cardio exercise together with some parameters on body perception and
life satisfaction. 48 sedentary individuals between 20-45 years old were voluntarily
participated in the study. 14-week cardio Exercise was applied to Experimental
group and body weight, height, body fat percentage, body mass index, metabolism
rate measurements of participants in experimental-control group were taken as
pretest-posttest. “Body Areas Satisfaction” sub-dimension of “The
Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ)” scale was used to
determine the body perception levels of participants in the research whereas
"Life Satisfaction with Life Scale” was used to determine their life
satisfaction levels. As a result; a significant difference was
found between pretest and posttest values of body weight, body fat percentage,
body mass index, metabolism rate, life satisfaction and body perception of
males and females doing cardio exercises (experimental group). Depending on
cardio exercise program, a positive development was determined in body weight,
body mass index, body fat percentage, metabolism rate, life satisfaction and
body perception properties of females and males in experimental group. It was
considered that cardio exercise program positively changed life satisfaction
and body perception level with physiological parameters.

Keywords

Cardio Exercise, Body perception

References

• 1. Altıntas A, Ascı HF, Özenir TB. Investigation of self-presentation in terms of parameters such as gender and exercise behavior. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 2007: 18(2): 91-99.
• 2. Ascı HF. Comparison of physical sense of self according to gender and physical activity level. Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences, 2007:15(1): 39-48.
• 3. Bastug G, Duman S. Examining life satisfaction level depending on physical activity in Turkish and German societies. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010: 2, 4892–4895.
• 4. Bastug G, Kuru E. A Research About the Perception Levels of Their Bodies of Female Athletes and Gender Roles. World Applied Sciences Journal, 2011:14 (6): 814-821.
• 5. Baştug, G., Babayiğit İrez G., Ünal, H., Gündoğdu, N. Examining the Impact of Hydraulic Fitness Exercises on the Body Perception and Some Physical Parameters of Middle Aged Women. Studies On Ethno-Medicine, 2016: 10(1): 65-70.
• 6. Biddle SJH, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med, 2011: 45: 886-895.
• 7. Bilgili, Y. The Research of Some Chosen Motoric Characteristics of Sedentary individuals between 35-45 Ages That Attend the Regular Fitness. Master's Thesis, Sakarya: Sakarya University, 2009.
• 8. Cantekinler E, Gökbel H 1998. Metabolik Hız ve Tayini. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 1998: 8(1), 49-53.
• 9. Church TS, Earnest CP, Skinner JS, Blair SN. Effects of Different Doses of Physical Activity on Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Sedentary, Overweight or Obese Postmenopausal Women with Elevated Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA, 2007: 297(19):2081-2091.
• 10. Dhurup M, Nolan VT. Body Image Coping Strategies among University Students and Variations in Terms of Gender in a Developing Country. Anthropologist, 2014: 18(1): 217-225.
• 11. Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1985: 49 (1): 71-75.
• 12. Dogan O, Dogan S 1992. Sophisticated body-self relations questionnaire scale manual. Cumhuriyet University, Medicine Faculty Press, Sivas: 53.
• 13. Fox EL, Bowers RW, Foss ML. The physiological basis of physical education and athletics. USA: Saunders College publishing, 1988:291-292.
• 14. Furnham A, Badmin N, Snode I. Body Image Dissatisfaction: Gender Differences in Eating Attitudes Self-esteem and Reasons for Exercise. Journal of Psychology, 2002: 136: 581-596.
• 15. Grogan S 2008. Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, And Children. Routledge, Psychology Press,2008: 1-2.
• 16. Gilman R, Huebner ES. Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2006: 35(3): 311-319.
• 17. Hallal PC, Victora CG, Azevedo MR, Wells JCK. Adolescent physical activity and health - A Systematic Review. Sports Med, 2006: 36(12): 1019-30.
• 18. Heyward VH. Physical activity, health and chronic disease. Advanced fitness assessment and exercise prescription. 6th ed. Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1-17, 2010.
• 19. Howley ET, Franks BD. Fitness Professional’s Handbook 5th ed. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 2007.
• 20. Köker S. Comparison of normal adults and adults with problems in terms of their life satisfaction levels. Master’s Thesis, Ankara: Ankara University, 1991.
• 21. Lepage ML, Crowther JH. The effects of exercise on body satisfaction and affect. Body Image, 2010: 7(2): 124–130.
• 22. Mavric F, Kahrovic I, Muric B, Radenkovic O. The Effects of Regular Physical Exercise on the Human Body. Physical Culture, 2014: 68(1): 29-38.
• 23. Mora S, Redberg RF, Cui Y., Whiteman MK., Flaws JA., Sharrett AR., Blumenthal RS. Ability of exercise testing to predict cardiovascular and all-cause death in asymptomatic women: a 20-year follow-up of the lipid research clinics prevalence study. JAMA, 2003: 290(12):1600-1607.
• 24. Myers J, Prakash M, Froelicher V, Do D, Partington S, Atwood JE. Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med, 2002: 346:793-801.25. Pekcan. G. Beslenme Durumunun Saptanması, Ankara: 2008.
• 26. Porcari J, Bryant C, Coman F. Exercise Physiology. USA: F.A Davis Company, 2015.
• 27. Rangul V, Bauman A, Holmen TL, Midthjell K. Is physical activity maintenance from adolescence to young adulthood associated with reduced CVD risk factors, improved mental health and satisfaction with life: the HUNT Study Norway. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2012: 9: 144.
• 28. Sagatun A, Sogaard AJ, Bjertness E, Selmer R, Heyerdahl S. The association between weekly hours of physical activity and mental health: A three-year follow-up study of 15-16-year-old students in the city of Oslo, Norway. BMC Publ Health, 2007: 7: 155.
• 29. Schilder P. The Image and Appearance of the Human Body, New York: International Universities Pres, 2000.
• 30. Sung-Mook H, Effy G. The Relationship of Satisfaction with Life to Personality Characteristics. Journal of Psychology Interdisciplinary & Applied, 1994: 128(5): 547.
• 31. Su CL, Lee CJ, Shinger HS. Effects of ınvolvement in recreational sports on physical and mental health, quality of life of the elderly. Anthropologist, 2014: 17(1): 45-52.
• 32. Stein JS, Book HE. EQ Emotional Intelligence and Secret of Success. Istanbul: Özgür Publications, 2003.
• 33. Tamer K. The measurement and evaluation of physical-physiological performance in sport, Ankara: Bagırgan Publication, 2000: 142.
• 34. Tremblay MS, Colley RC, Saunders TJ, Healy GN, Owen N. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary life style. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2010: 35: 725-740.
• 35. Tucker P, Irwin JD, Gilliland J, He M, Horsen K, Hess P. Environmental influences on Physical Activity Levels in Youth. Health and Place, 2009:15: 357-363.
• 36. Twisk JWR, Kemper HCG, van Mechelen W. Tracking of activity and fitness and the relationship with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Med Sci Sports Exercise, 2000: 32.
• 37. Williams PT, Wood PD. The effects of changing exercise levels on weight and age-related weight gain. Internal Journal of Obesity, 2006: 30(3): 543-51.
• 38. Winstead BA. Cash TF. Reliability and validity of the body-self questionnaire: a new measure of body image. Paper presented at the meeting of the southeastern psychological association, New Orleans, L.A., 1984.
• 39. Yigit O. Research in physical changes of people who participate fitness-aerobics recreation activities, Master's Thesis, Sakarya: Sakarya University, 2010. 40. Yigit O, Kolukısa Ş, Aydogan A. A Study On Physiological Changes in Women Who Do Sports for Recreative Purposes. Journal of Sports and Performance Researches, 2013: 4(1):17-22.
• 41. Zaccagni L, Sabrina Masotti S, Donati R, Mazzoni G, Gualdi-Russo E. Body image and weight perceptions in relation to actual measurements by means of a new index and level of physical activity in Italian university students. Journal of Translational Medicine, 2014: 12: 42.