Çin'deki Müslümanlar Hakkında Yapılan Araştırmalar Yeni Yayınlar Hakkında Bir Değerlendirme
Year 1996,
, 465 - 476, 20.08.1996
Dru C. Gladney
Translator: Talip Küçükcan
Abstract
"Çin'de İslamiyet ve Müslümanlar" hakkında geçmişte yayımlanmış araştırmalar ve aynı alana yapılan yeni katkılara ilişkin bu kısa değerlendirme, esas olarak Hui adıyla bilinen, aslen Çinli olan Müslümanlar üzerine kaleme alınmış tetkikleri konu edinecektir.
References
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Population and Development Review 8(2): 85-97.
- AL-ARABI; Allah in China. The Muslim World League Journal 21: 67-9.
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Chine du nord-est. In La transmission du savour dans le monde musulman peripherique. Lettre d'information 10: 1-8.
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l'Etat, edited by Oliver Carre. Paris: Universitaires de France.
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5(2): 73-80.
- BAGADER, ABUBAKR A. ; 1983. Muslims in Chine: Some Popular Middle
Eastern Perceptions. Journal, Istitute of Muslim Minority Affairs.
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- ; 1974 Huizu, Huijiao, Huimin Lunji (Collected Essays on the. Hui
Nationality, Hui Religion, and the Hui People). Kowloon: n.p.
- BAI SHOUYI AND YANG HUAIZHONG ; eds. 1985. Huizu renwu zhi, Yuan dai
(annals of Hut Personages, Yuan Dynasty). Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Company.
- ; 1988. Huizu renwu zhi, Ming dai (Annals of Hui Personages, Ming
Dynasty). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Company.
- BANISTER, JUDITH ; 1984. An Analysis of Recent Data on the Population of
China. Population and Development Review 10(2): 241-7.
- BENSON, LINDA ; 1990. The Ili Rebellion: The Moslem Challenge to
Chinese Authority in Xinjiang. 1944-1949. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
- BENSON, LINDA AND INGVAR VANBERG ; eds. 1988. The Kazaks of China:
Essays on an Ethnic Minority. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia
Multiethnica Upsaliensia, No. 5. Stockholm: Uppsala University.
- BROOMHALL, MARSHALL; 1910. Islam in China: A Neglected Problem. New
York: Paragon Book Co.
- CHEN DASHENG ; ed. 1984. Islamic Inscriptions in Quanzhou: Fujian
People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. The Role of the Mosque in the Reacceptance of Islam by
Muslim Descendants in Quanzhou during the Ming Dynasty. In The
Legacy of İslam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of
Joseph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Cladney. Conference Volume.
Cambridge: Harvard University, 14-16 April.
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Yanjiu Wenji (Compendium of Chinese Islamic Research). Yinchuan:
Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- FLETCHER, JOSEPH ; 1975. Central Asian Sufism and Ma Ming-hsin's New
Teaching. ın Proceedings of the Fourth East Asian Altaistic
Conference, edited by Ch'en Chieh-hsien. Taibei: National Taiwan
University.
- ; 1986. Les 'voies' (turuq) a soufites en chiens. In Les orders mystiques
dans l'Islam, cheminemensts et situation actuelle, edited by Alexandre
Popovic. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales.
- FORBES, ANDREW D.W. ; 1986. Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central
Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- GANSU PROVINCIAL ETHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT ; 1982. Yisilanjiao zai
Zhongguo (Islam in China). Yinchuan: Ninxia People's Publishing
Society.
- GLANDNEY, DRU C.; 1987. Muslim Tombs and Ethnic Folklore: Charters for
Hui Identity. The Journal of asian Studies 46(3): 495-532.
- ; ed. 1989. The Legacy of İslam in China: An International
Symposium in Memory of Joseph F. Fletcher. Conference Volume.
Cambridge: Harvard University, John King Fairbank Center, 14-16
April.
- ; 1990. The Ethongenesis of the Uigur. Central Asian Survey9(1): 1-28.
- ; 1991. Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the People's Republic.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- ; 1992. Transnational Islam and Uighur National Identity: Salman
Rushdie, Sino-Muslim Missile Deals, and the Trans-Eurasian Railway.
Central Aslan Survey 11(3): 1-21.
- ; (forthcoming). Salman Rushdie in China: Religion, Ethnictiy, and
State Definition in the People's Republic. In Asian Visions of
Authority: Religion and the Modern States of East and Southeast Asia,
edited by Helen Hardacre, Laurel Kendall, and Charles Keyes.
Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
- GLADNEY, DRU C. ; and Ma Shouqian. 1990. Interpretations of Islam in
China: A Hui Scholar's Perspective, Journal, Institute for Muslim
Minority Affairs 10(2): 475-86.
- HUIZU JIANSHI EDITORIAL COMMITTEE. ; 1978. Huizu Jianshi (Brief
History of the Hui). Yine-chuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ISRAELI, RAPHAEL ; 1978. Muslims in China. London & Atlantic Highlands:
Curzon & Humanities Press.
- ; 1984. Muslims in China: Islam's Incompatiblity with the Chinese
Order. In Islam in Asia, Vol. II, edited by Raphael Israeli and Anthony
H. Johns. Boulder, CO: Westviw Press.
- ; 1988. Is Thre Shi'a in Chinese Islam? Journal, Institute for Muslim
Minority Affaires 9(1): 49-66.
- JIN YIJIU ; 1984. The System of Menhuan in China: An Influence of Sufism
on Chinese Musims. Ming Studies 13: 34-45.
- ; 1985. Sufeipai yu Zhongguo Menhuan (Sufism and China's
Menhuan) İn Xibei Yisilanjian Yanjiu (Northwest Islam Reserach).
Gansu Provincial Ethnology Department Lanzhou: Gansu Nationality
Publishing Society.
- LESLIE, DONALD DANIEL ; 1981. Islamic Literature in Chinese, Late Ming
and Early Ch'ing; Books, Authors and Associates. Canberra: Canberra
College of Advanced Education.
- ; 1986. Islam in Traditional China: A Short History to, 1800.
Canberra: CCAE.
- LI, C.; 1983. The Quality Control of the 1982 Population Census in China.
Paper presented at the meeting of the International Statistical
Institute, Madrid.
- LI X INGHUA AND FENG JINYUAN ; eds. 1985. Zhongguo Yisilanjiaoshi
Cankao Ziliao Xuanbian, 1911-1949 (China Islamic History Reference
Material Selections, 1911-1949), 1985. Vols 1 &2. Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Society.
- LIPMAN, JONATHAN N. ; 1981. The Border World of Gansu, 1895-1935. Ph
D. Dissertation, Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
- ; 1984a. Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family
Warlords of Gansu. Modern China 10.3: 285-316.
- ; 1984b. Patchwork Society, Network Society: A Study of Sino-Muslim
Communities. In Islam in Asia, edited by Raphael Israeli and Anthony
H.Johns. Vol. 2. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- ; 1986. The Third Wave: Establishment and Transformation of the
Muslim Brotherhood in Modern China. Paper presented at the China
Colloquium of the Henry S. Jackson School of International Studies,
University of Washington, 20 February. (Forthcoming in Etudes
Oriental No. 13/14).
- MA QICHENG ; 1983. A Brief Account of the Early Spread of Islam in China.
Social Sciences in China 4: 97-113.
- MA SHOUQIAN ; 1989. The Hui People's New Awakening at the End of the
19th Century and Beginning of the 20th Century. In The Legacy of
Islam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of Jeseph F.
Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Gladney. Conference Volume. Cambridge:
Harvard University, 14-16 April.
- MA TONG; 1983. Zhongguo Yisilan Jiaopai yu Menhuan Zhidu Shilue (A
History of Muslim Factions and the Menhuan System in China). Ist
edition, 1981. Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. China's Islamic Saintly Lineages and the Muslims of the
Nortwest. In The Legacy of Islam in China: An International
Symposium in Memory of Jesoph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C.
Gladney. Conference Volume. Cambridge: Harvard University, 14-16
April.
- ; 1986. Zhongguo Yisilan jiaopai menhuan suyuan (Trancing the
Source of China's Islamic Orders and Menhuan). Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Society.
- MA WEILIANG ; 1986. Yunnan Daizu, Zangzu, Baizu, he xiao liangshan Yizu
diqu de Huizu (Yunnan Dai, Tibetan, Bai Tibetan, Bai, and Little
Liangshan Mountain Yi Minority Area Hui Peoples). Ningxia Shenui
Kexue 1.
- MACINNIS, DONALD E. ; comp. 1972. Religious and Practice in Communist
China. New York: Macmillan Company.
- MIAN WEILING ; 1981. Ningxia Yisilan Jiaopai Gaiyao (An Outline of the
İslamic Fations of Ningxia). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing
Society.
- MINZU WENTI RESEARCH COCIETY ; eds. 1982. Huihui Minzu Wenti (The
Question of the Nui Nationality). Beijing; Nationalities Publishing
Society.
- NINGXIA PHİLOSOPHY AND SOCİAL SCİENCE INSTİTUTE ; ed. 1981.
Qingdai Zhongguo Yisilan jiao Lunwji (Essays on Islam in China
During the Qing Perod). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing
Society.
- PANG KENG-FONG ; 1992. The Dynamics of Gender, Ethinicity and State
Among Austronesian-speaking Muslims of Hui-Utat of Hainan Island.
Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation. Los Angeles: University of
California.
- PILLSBURY, BARBARA ; Cohesion and Cleavage in a Chinese Muslim
Minority. Ph. D. Dissertation. New York: Columbia University.
- ; 1978. Being Female in a Muslim Minortiy in China. In Women in the
Muslim World, edited by Lois Beck and Nikki Keddie. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
- ; 1981a. Muslim History in China: A 1300-Year Chronology. Journal,
Institute for Muslim Minority Affairs 3 (2) : 10-29.
- ; 1981b. The Muslim Population of China: Clarifying the Question of
Size and Ethnicity. Journal, Institute for Muslim Minority Affairs 3(2):
35-58.
- POPULATION ATLAS OF CHINA ; 1987. Population Census Office of the
State Council of the People's Republic of China and the Institute of
Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
- YANG (MOHAMMED USİAR) HUAİZHONG ; 1981. Lun shiba shiji Zhehlinye
Musilin di qiyi (on the 18th Century Jahriyya Muslim Uprisings). In
Qingdai Zhongguo Yisilan jiao Lunji (Essays on Islam in China
During the Qing Period), edited by the Ningxia Philosophy ard Social
Science Istitute, Yinchuan: Ningxia People' "s Publishing Society.
- ; 1988. Li lun sufeipai zai Zhongguo neidi Yisilanjiao zhong de fazhan
(A Discussion of the Development of Sufism in Internal China's
Islam). In Zhongguo Yisilanjiao yanju wenji (Compendium of Chinese
Islamic Research), edited by the Chinese Islamic Research
Committee. Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. The Eighteenth Century Gansu Relief Fraud Scandal. In The
Legacy of Islam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of
Joseph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Gladney. Conferece Volume,
Harvard University, 14-16 April.
- ; (forthcoming). Sufism among the Muslims in Gansu, Ningxia, and
Qinghat. In Minority Nationalities of China: Language and Culture,
edited by Charles Li and Dru C. Gladney, Amsterdam: Mouton.
- YANG I-FAN ; 1969. Islam in China. 1st edition, 1958. Hong Kong: Union
Press.
Year 1996,
, 465 - 476, 20.08.1996
Dru C. Gladney
Translator: Talip Küçükcan
References
- AIRD, JOHN S. ; 1982 Population Studies anda Population Policy in China.
Population and Development Review 8(2): 85-97.
- AL-ARABI; Allah in China. The Muslim World League Journal 21: 67-9.
- ALLES-ADAM ; Elisabeth. 1991. Notes sur un rituel funeraire musulman en
Chine du nord-est. In La transmission du savour dans le monde musulman peripherique. Lettre d'information 10: 1-8.
- AUBIN, FRANÇOISE ; 1982. İslam et Etat en Chine populaire. In L'Islam et
l'Etat, edited by Oliver Carre. Paris: Universitaires de France.
- 1986. Chinese Islam: In Pursuit of its Sources. Central Asian Survey
5(2): 73-80.
- BAGADER, ABUBAKR A. ; 1983. Muslims in Chine: Some Popular Middle
Eastern Perceptions. Journal, Istitute of Muslim Minority Affairs.
- BAI SHOUYI ; ed. 1953. Huimin Qiyi (Hui Rebellions), 4 vols. Shanghai.
- ; 1974 Huizu, Huijiao, Huimin Lunji (Collected Essays on the. Hui
Nationality, Hui Religion, and the Hui People). Kowloon: n.p.
- BAI SHOUYI AND YANG HUAIZHONG ; eds. 1985. Huizu renwu zhi, Yuan dai
(annals of Hut Personages, Yuan Dynasty). Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Company.
- ; 1988. Huizu renwu zhi, Ming dai (Annals of Hui Personages, Ming
Dynasty). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Company.
- BANISTER, JUDITH ; 1984. An Analysis of Recent Data on the Population of
China. Population and Development Review 10(2): 241-7.
- BENSON, LINDA ; 1990. The Ili Rebellion: The Moslem Challenge to
Chinese Authority in Xinjiang. 1944-1949. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
- BENSON, LINDA AND INGVAR VANBERG ; eds. 1988. The Kazaks of China:
Essays on an Ethnic Minority. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia
Multiethnica Upsaliensia, No. 5. Stockholm: Uppsala University.
- BROOMHALL, MARSHALL; 1910. Islam in China: A Neglected Problem. New
York: Paragon Book Co.
- CHEN DASHENG ; ed. 1984. Islamic Inscriptions in Quanzhou: Fujian
People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. The Role of the Mosque in the Reacceptance of Islam by
Muslim Descendants in Quanzhou during the Ming Dynasty. In The
Legacy of İslam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of
Joseph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Cladney. Conference Volume.
Cambridge: Harvard University, 14-16 April.
- CHINESE ISLAMIC RESEARCH COMMITTEE ; 1988. Zhongguo Yisilanjiao
Yanjiu Wenji (Compendium of Chinese Islamic Research). Yinchuan:
Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- FLETCHER, JOSEPH ; 1975. Central Asian Sufism and Ma Ming-hsin's New
Teaching. ın Proceedings of the Fourth East Asian Altaistic
Conference, edited by Ch'en Chieh-hsien. Taibei: National Taiwan
University.
- ; 1986. Les 'voies' (turuq) a soufites en chiens. In Les orders mystiques
dans l'Islam, cheminemensts et situation actuelle, edited by Alexandre
Popovic. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales.
- FORBES, ANDREW D.W. ; 1986. Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central
Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- GANSU PROVINCIAL ETHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT ; 1982. Yisilanjiao zai
Zhongguo (Islam in China). Yinchuan: Ninxia People's Publishing
Society.
- GLANDNEY, DRU C.; 1987. Muslim Tombs and Ethnic Folklore: Charters for
Hui Identity. The Journal of asian Studies 46(3): 495-532.
- ; ed. 1989. The Legacy of İslam in China: An International
Symposium in Memory of Joseph F. Fletcher. Conference Volume.
Cambridge: Harvard University, John King Fairbank Center, 14-16
April.
- ; 1990. The Ethongenesis of the Uigur. Central Asian Survey9(1): 1-28.
- ; 1991. Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the People's Republic.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- ; 1992. Transnational Islam and Uighur National Identity: Salman
Rushdie, Sino-Muslim Missile Deals, and the Trans-Eurasian Railway.
Central Aslan Survey 11(3): 1-21.
- ; (forthcoming). Salman Rushdie in China: Religion, Ethnictiy, and
State Definition in the People's Republic. In Asian Visions of
Authority: Religion and the Modern States of East and Southeast Asia,
edited by Helen Hardacre, Laurel Kendall, and Charles Keyes.
Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
- GLADNEY, DRU C. ; and Ma Shouqian. 1990. Interpretations of Islam in
China: A Hui Scholar's Perspective, Journal, Institute for Muslim
Minority Affairs 10(2): 475-86.
- HUIZU JIANSHI EDITORIAL COMMITTEE. ; 1978. Huizu Jianshi (Brief
History of the Hui). Yine-chuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ISRAELI, RAPHAEL ; 1978. Muslims in China. London & Atlantic Highlands:
Curzon & Humanities Press.
- ; 1984. Muslims in China: Islam's Incompatiblity with the Chinese
Order. In Islam in Asia, Vol. II, edited by Raphael Israeli and Anthony
H. Johns. Boulder, CO: Westviw Press.
- ; 1988. Is Thre Shi'a in Chinese Islam? Journal, Institute for Muslim
Minority Affaires 9(1): 49-66.
- JIN YIJIU ; 1984. The System of Menhuan in China: An Influence of Sufism
on Chinese Musims. Ming Studies 13: 34-45.
- ; 1985. Sufeipai yu Zhongguo Menhuan (Sufism and China's
Menhuan) İn Xibei Yisilanjian Yanjiu (Northwest Islam Reserach).
Gansu Provincial Ethnology Department Lanzhou: Gansu Nationality
Publishing Society.
- LESLIE, DONALD DANIEL ; 1981. Islamic Literature in Chinese, Late Ming
and Early Ch'ing; Books, Authors and Associates. Canberra: Canberra
College of Advanced Education.
- ; 1986. Islam in Traditional China: A Short History to, 1800.
Canberra: CCAE.
- LI, C.; 1983. The Quality Control of the 1982 Population Census in China.
Paper presented at the meeting of the International Statistical
Institute, Madrid.
- LI X INGHUA AND FENG JINYUAN ; eds. 1985. Zhongguo Yisilanjiaoshi
Cankao Ziliao Xuanbian, 1911-1949 (China Islamic History Reference
Material Selections, 1911-1949), 1985. Vols 1 &2. Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Society.
- LIPMAN, JONATHAN N. ; 1981. The Border World of Gansu, 1895-1935. Ph
D. Dissertation, Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
- ; 1984a. Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family
Warlords of Gansu. Modern China 10.3: 285-316.
- ; 1984b. Patchwork Society, Network Society: A Study of Sino-Muslim
Communities. In Islam in Asia, edited by Raphael Israeli and Anthony
H.Johns. Vol. 2. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- ; 1986. The Third Wave: Establishment and Transformation of the
Muslim Brotherhood in Modern China. Paper presented at the China
Colloquium of the Henry S. Jackson School of International Studies,
University of Washington, 20 February. (Forthcoming in Etudes
Oriental No. 13/14).
- MA QICHENG ; 1983. A Brief Account of the Early Spread of Islam in China.
Social Sciences in China 4: 97-113.
- MA SHOUQIAN ; 1989. The Hui People's New Awakening at the End of the
19th Century and Beginning of the 20th Century. In The Legacy of
Islam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of Jeseph F.
Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Gladney. Conference Volume. Cambridge:
Harvard University, 14-16 April.
- MA TONG; 1983. Zhongguo Yisilan Jiaopai yu Menhuan Zhidu Shilue (A
History of Muslim Factions and the Menhuan System in China). Ist
edition, 1981. Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. China's Islamic Saintly Lineages and the Muslims of the
Nortwest. In The Legacy of Islam in China: An International
Symposium in Memory of Jesoph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C.
Gladney. Conference Volume. Cambridge: Harvard University, 14-16
April.
- ; 1986. Zhongguo Yisilan jiaopai menhuan suyuan (Trancing the
Source of China's Islamic Orders and Menhuan). Yinchuan: Ningxia
People's Publishing Society.
- MA WEILIANG ; 1986. Yunnan Daizu, Zangzu, Baizu, he xiao liangshan Yizu
diqu de Huizu (Yunnan Dai, Tibetan, Bai Tibetan, Bai, and Little
Liangshan Mountain Yi Minority Area Hui Peoples). Ningxia Shenui
Kexue 1.
- MACINNIS, DONALD E. ; comp. 1972. Religious and Practice in Communist
China. New York: Macmillan Company.
- MIAN WEILING ; 1981. Ningxia Yisilan Jiaopai Gaiyao (An Outline of the
İslamic Fations of Ningxia). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing
Society.
- MINZU WENTI RESEARCH COCIETY ; eds. 1982. Huihui Minzu Wenti (The
Question of the Nui Nationality). Beijing; Nationalities Publishing
Society.
- NINGXIA PHİLOSOPHY AND SOCİAL SCİENCE INSTİTUTE ; ed. 1981.
Qingdai Zhongguo Yisilan jiao Lunwji (Essays on Islam in China
During the Qing Perod). Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing
Society.
- PANG KENG-FONG ; 1992. The Dynamics of Gender, Ethinicity and State
Among Austronesian-speaking Muslims of Hui-Utat of Hainan Island.
Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation. Los Angeles: University of
California.
- PILLSBURY, BARBARA ; Cohesion and Cleavage in a Chinese Muslim
Minority. Ph. D. Dissertation. New York: Columbia University.
- ; 1978. Being Female in a Muslim Minortiy in China. In Women in the
Muslim World, edited by Lois Beck and Nikki Keddie. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
- ; 1981a. Muslim History in China: A 1300-Year Chronology. Journal,
Institute for Muslim Minority Affairs 3 (2) : 10-29.
- ; 1981b. The Muslim Population of China: Clarifying the Question of
Size and Ethnicity. Journal, Institute for Muslim Minority Affairs 3(2):
35-58.
- POPULATION ATLAS OF CHINA ; 1987. Population Census Office of the
State Council of the People's Republic of China and the Institute of
Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
- YANG (MOHAMMED USİAR) HUAİZHONG ; 1981. Lun shiba shiji Zhehlinye
Musilin di qiyi (on the 18th Century Jahriyya Muslim Uprisings). In
Qingdai Zhongguo Yisilan jiao Lunji (Essays on Islam in China
During the Qing Period), edited by the Ningxia Philosophy ard Social
Science Istitute, Yinchuan: Ningxia People' "s Publishing Society.
- ; 1988. Li lun sufeipai zai Zhongguo neidi Yisilanjiao zhong de fazhan
(A Discussion of the Development of Sufism in Internal China's
Islam). In Zhongguo Yisilanjiao yanju wenji (Compendium of Chinese
Islamic Research), edited by the Chinese Islamic Research
Committee. Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Publishing Society.
- ; 1989. The Eighteenth Century Gansu Relief Fraud Scandal. In The
Legacy of Islam in China: An International Symposium in Memory of
Joseph F. Fletcher, edited by Dru C. Gladney. Conferece Volume,
Harvard University, 14-16 April.
- ; (forthcoming). Sufism among the Muslims in Gansu, Ningxia, and
Qinghat. In Minority Nationalities of China: Language and Culture,
edited by Charles Li and Dru C. Gladney, Amsterdam: Mouton.
- YANG I-FAN ; 1969. Islam in China. 1st edition, 1958. Hong Kong: Union
Press.