Research Article
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The Effect of Eudomanic Well-Being Level on Work Stress in Tourist Guidance

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 106 - 122, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.34090/tured.1543688

Abstract

Purpose and Importance: The aim of this research is to examine the effect of tourist guides' eudomanic well-being level on their work stress. The level of eudomanic well-being, which comprehensively considers the individual's general well-being, is an antecedent that should be taken into account in reducing work stress for tourist guides who have one-on-one and intense interaction with visitors on tours. However, the absence of a similar study in the literature on the effect of eudomanic well-being level on work stress, specifically in the tourist guiding profession, makes this research important in the context of its results. Therefore, current research results are expected to contribute to the relevant literature and the sector.

Methodology: In this research, a survey was administered to 108 tourist guides via Google Forms between January 28 and April 25, 2024. In the research data analysis, validity and reliability tests were first carried out, and frequency and percentage analyses and arithmetic mean and standard deviation techniques were used in descriptive analyses. Correlation analysis was used to measure the relationship between variables, and regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The findings were interpreted and compared with the results of similar studies.

Findings: As a result of the analysis of the research data, it was determined that the eudomanic well-being level of the tourist guides in the sample was quite high, and on the other hand, their work stress was almost non-existent. In the test of the research hypothesis, it was determined that the eudomanic well-being levels of tourist guides had not any significant effect on job stress.

Originality/Value: We suppose that the findings of this study will contribute to the limited number of studies and future ones that focus on similar variables. On the other hand, the absence of any study directly addressing the issue in the context of tourist guides makes this research a pioneer in its field and provides a source for future research.

References

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  • Akkuş, G. & Arslan, A. (2023). Work-related stress experienced by tour guides. Turyzm/Tourism, 33(2), 95–110.
  • Al-okaily, N. S., Alzboun, N., Alrawadieh, Z. & Slehat, M. (2023). The impact of eudaimonic well-being on experience and loyalty: A tourism context. Journal of Services Marketing, 37(2), 216-231.
  • Al-Romeedy, B. S. & Khairy, H. A. (2024). Organizational politics and employee job performance in the tourism and hospitality industry: workplace stress and counterproductive work behavior. Tourism Review, Ön görünüm sürümü.
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  • Arıkan Satık, I. & Gümüş Dönmez, F. (2018). Turist rehberleri ve kişilik. İçinde S. Eser, S. Şahin ve C. Çakıcı (Ed.) Turist Rehberliği, (ss. 75-100). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Ayaz, N. (2019). İş stresi ve iş stresiyle başetme: Turist rehberleri üzerine bir çalışma (Tez No. 558180) Doktora tezi, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi]. YÖK Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp
  • Ayaz, N. & Demir, C. (2019). Perceived work stress factors: A study on tour guides. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 7(1), 415-427.
  • Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & Frone, M. R. (2004). Handbook of work stress. Sage Publications.
  • Bartels, A. L., Peterson, S. J. & Reina, C. S. (2019). Understanding well-being at work: Development and validation of the eudaimonic workplace well-being scale. PloS one, 14(4), 1-21.
  • Bassi, M., Bacher, G., Negri, L. & Delle Fave, A. (2013). The contribution of job happiness and job meaning to the well-being of workers from thriving and failing companies. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 8, 427-448.
  • Büyüktepe, H. S., Gökdemir, S. & Korkmaz, H. (2019). Turist rehberlerinin sorunları üzerine nitel bir araştırma: Çanakkale örneği. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 14, 94-117.
  • Chua, B. L., Al-Ansi, A., Kim, S., Wong, A. K. F. & Han, H. (2022). Examining airline employees’ work-related stress and coping strategies during the global tourism crisis. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(10), 3715-3742.
  • Chuang, N. K. & Lei, S. A. (2011). Job stress among casino hotel chefs in a top-tier tourism city. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(5), 551-574.
  • Cox, T. & Griffiths, A. (2010). Work-related stress: A theoretical perspective. In S. Leka & J. Houdmont (Eds.). Occupational Health Psychology. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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  • Efeoğlu, İ. E. & Özgen, H. (2007). İş-aile yaşam çatışmasının iş stresi, iş doyumu ve örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri: ilaç sektöründe bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(2), 237-254.
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  • Eser, S. (2018). Meslek olarak turist rehberliği. İçinde S. Eser, S. Şahin & C. Çakıcı (Ed.) Turist Rehberliği, (ss. 25-46). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Filep, S., Moyle, B. D. & Skavronskaya, L. (2024). Tourist wellbeing: Re-thinking hedonic and eudaimonic dimensions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 48(1), 184-193.
  • Gianakos, I. (2002). Predictors of coping with work stress: The influences of sex, gender role, social desirability, and locus of control. Sex Roles, 46(5/6), 149–158.
  • Hao, F. & Xiao, H. (2021). Residential tourism and eudaimonic well-being: A ‘value-adding’ analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103-150.
  • Huang, X., Wang, P. & Wu, L. (2024). Well-being through transformation: An integrative framework of transformative tourism experiences and hedonic versus eudaimonic well-being. Journal of Travel Research, 63(4), 974-994.
  • İlhan, Y. & Soybalı, H. H. (2018). Turist rehberlerinin mesleki sorunları üzerine bir araştırma. Turist Rehberliği Dergisi (TURED), 1(1), 13-23.
  • Kabakulak, A. (2018). Turist Rehberleri Açısından İş Doyumunun Önemi. Turist Rehberliği Dergisi (TURED), 1(1), 1-12.
  • Karakaş, A. & Tezcan, N. (2019). The relation between work stress, work-family life conflict and worker performance: A research study on hospitality employees. European Journal of Tourism Research, 21, 102-118.
  • Nawaz Kalyar, M., Shafique, I. & Ahmad, B. (2019). Job stress and performance nexus in tourism industry: A moderation analysis. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 67(1), 6-21.
  • Koeske, G. F., Kirk, S. A. & Koeske, R. D. (1993). Coping with job stress: Which strategies work best? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66(4), 319–335.
  • Kożusznik, M. W., Peiró, J. M. & Soriano, A. (2019). Daily eudaimonic well-being as a predictor of daily performance: A dynamic lens. PloS one, 14(4), 1-24.
  • Lazarus, R. S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Law, J., Pearce, P. L. & Woods, B. A. (1995). Stress and coping in tourist attraction employees. Tourism Management, 16(4), 277-284.
  • Lopes, H., Lagoa, S. & Calapez, T. (2014). Work autonomy, work pressure, and job satisfaction: An analysis of European Union countries. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 25(2), 306-326.
  • Mackenzie, S. H. & Kerr, J. H. (2013). Stress and emotions at work: An adventure tourism guide’s experience. Tourism Management, 36, 3-14.
  • Min, J. (2014). The relationships between emotional intelligence, job stress, and quality of life among tour guides. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(10), 1170-1190.
  • Muhonen, T. & Torkelson, E. (2008). Collective and individualistic coping with stress at work. Psychological Reports, 102(2), 450-458.
  • Niemiec, C. P. (2014). Eudaimonic well-being. In Michalos, A.C. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Ön Esen, F. & Gülmez, M. (2017). Turizm rehberliği eğitimi ve eğitim modelleri. İçinde F.Ö. Güzel, V. Altıntaş, & İ. Şahin (Ed.). Turist rehberliği araştırmaları öngörüler ve uygulamalar, (ss. 27-47). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Pătraş, L., Martínez‐Tur, V., Gracia, E. & Moliner, C. (2017). Surface acting and exhaustion: The moderating role of eudaimonia. Stress and Health, 33(4), 322-329.
  • Peiró, J. M., Kozusznik, M. W. & Soriano, A. (2019). From happiness orientations to work performance: The mediating role of hedonic and eudaimonic experiences. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(24), 5002.
  • Peiro, J. M., Montesa, D., Soriano, A., Kozusznik, M. W., Villajos, E., Magdaleno, J., Plamenova Djourova, N. & Ayala, Y. (2021). Revisiting the happy-productive worker thesis from a eudaimonic perspective: A systematic review. Sustainability, 13(6), 3174.
  • Peterson, C., Park, N. & Seligman, M. E. (2005). Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. Journal of happiness studies, 6, 25-41.
  • Ritpanitchajchaval, N., Ashton, A. S. & Apollo, M. (2023). Eudaimonic well-being development: Motives driving mountain-based adventure tourism. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 42, 100607.
  • Ross, G. F. (1997). Career stress responses among hospitality employees. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(1), 41-51.
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Turist Rehberliğinde Ödomanik İyilik Düzeyinin İş Stresine Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 106 - 122, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.34090/tured.1543688

Abstract

Amaç ve Önem: Bu araştırmanın amacı, turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin iş stresleri üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Bireyin genel iyilik durumunu kapsamlı olarak ele alan ödomanik iyilik düzeyi, turlarda ziyaretçiler ile birebir ve yoğun bir etkileşim içerisinde olan turist rehberleri için iş stresinin azaltılmasında dikkate alınması gereken bir öncüldür. Bununla birlikte literatürde turist rehberliği mesleği özelinde ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin iş stresine etkisini konu alan çalışmaya rastlanmaması bu araştırmayı sonuçları bağlamında önemli kılmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak mevcut araştırma sonuçlarının ilgili alanyazına ve sektöre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Yöntem: Bu araştırmada 108 turist rehberine, 28 Ocak- 25 Nisan 2024 tarihleri arasında Google formlar aracılığı ile anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde öncelikle geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik testleri gerçekleştirilmiş, tanımlayıcı analizlerde sıklık ve yüzde analizleri ile aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin ölçümü için korelasyon analizi, hipotez testi için ise regresyon analizi kullanılmış, elde edilen bulgular yorumlanarak, benzer çalışmaların sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma verilerinin analizi sonucunda örneklemde yer alan turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin oldukça yüksek olduğu diğer yandan iş streslerinin yok denecek kadar az olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma hipotezinin testinde ise turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeylerinin iş stresine etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Özgünlük/Bilimsel Katkı: Elde edilen bulgular, benzer değişkenleri konu edinen ve edinecek olan sınırlı sayıdaki araştırmalara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir. Diğer yandan turist rehberleri bağlamında konuyu doğrudan ele alan araştırma olmaması, bu araştırmayı alanında öncü kılmakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için kaynak oluşturmaktadır.

References

  • Ahn, J., Back, K. J., & Boger, C. (2019). Effects of integrated resort experience on customers’ hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(8), 1225-1255.
  • Akkuş, G. & Arslan, A. (2023). Work-related stress experienced by tour guides. Turyzm/Tourism, 33(2), 95–110.
  • Al-okaily, N. S., Alzboun, N., Alrawadieh, Z. & Slehat, M. (2023). The impact of eudaimonic well-being on experience and loyalty: A tourism context. Journal of Services Marketing, 37(2), 216-231.
  • Al-Romeedy, B. S. & Khairy, H. A. (2024). Organizational politics and employee job performance in the tourism and hospitality industry: workplace stress and counterproductive work behavior. Tourism Review, Ön görünüm sürümü.
  • APA Dictionary of Psychology (2018a). Stress. https://dictionary.apa.org/stress. Erişim Tarihi: 18.06.2024.
  • APA Dictionary of Psychology (2018b). Occupational stress. https://dictionary.apa.org/occupational-stress. Erişim Tarihi: 18.06.2024.
  • Arıkan Satık, I. & Gümüş Dönmez, F. (2018). Turist rehberleri ve kişilik. İçinde S. Eser, S. Şahin ve C. Çakıcı (Ed.) Turist Rehberliği, (ss. 75-100). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Ayaz, N. (2019). İş stresi ve iş stresiyle başetme: Turist rehberleri üzerine bir çalışma (Tez No. 558180) Doktora tezi, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi]. YÖK Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp
  • Ayaz, N. & Demir, C. (2019). Perceived work stress factors: A study on tour guides. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 7(1), 415-427.
  • Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & Frone, M. R. (2004). Handbook of work stress. Sage Publications.
  • Bartels, A. L., Peterson, S. J. & Reina, C. S. (2019). Understanding well-being at work: Development and validation of the eudaimonic workplace well-being scale. PloS one, 14(4), 1-21.
  • Bassi, M., Bacher, G., Negri, L. & Delle Fave, A. (2013). The contribution of job happiness and job meaning to the well-being of workers from thriving and failing companies. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 8, 427-448.
  • Büyüktepe, H. S., Gökdemir, S. & Korkmaz, H. (2019). Turist rehberlerinin sorunları üzerine nitel bir araştırma: Çanakkale örneği. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 14, 94-117.
  • Chua, B. L., Al-Ansi, A., Kim, S., Wong, A. K. F. & Han, H. (2022). Examining airline employees’ work-related stress and coping strategies during the global tourism crisis. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(10), 3715-3742.
  • Chuang, N. K. & Lei, S. A. (2011). Job stress among casino hotel chefs in a top-tier tourism city. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(5), 551-574.
  • Cox, T. & Griffiths, A. (2010). Work-related stress: A theoretical perspective. In S. Leka & J. Houdmont (Eds.). Occupational Health Psychology. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • Dewe, P. J. & Guest, D. E. (1990). Methods of coping with stress at work: A conceptual analysis and empirical study of measurement issues. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(2), 135–150.
  • Efeoğlu, İ. E. & Özgen, H. (2007). İş-aile yaşam çatışmasının iş stresi, iş doyumu ve örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri: ilaç sektöründe bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(2), 237-254.
  • Eker, N. & Zengin, B. (2016). Turist rehberliği eğitiminin değerlendirilmesi: Profesyonel turist rehberleri üzerine bir uygulama. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(4), 65-74.
  • Eser, S. (2018). Meslek olarak turist rehberliği. İçinde S. Eser, S. Şahin & C. Çakıcı (Ed.) Turist Rehberliği, (ss. 25-46). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Filep, S., Moyle, B. D. & Skavronskaya, L. (2024). Tourist wellbeing: Re-thinking hedonic and eudaimonic dimensions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 48(1), 184-193.
  • Gianakos, I. (2002). Predictors of coping with work stress: The influences of sex, gender role, social desirability, and locus of control. Sex Roles, 46(5/6), 149–158.
  • Hao, F. & Xiao, H. (2021). Residential tourism and eudaimonic well-being: A ‘value-adding’ analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103-150.
  • Huang, X., Wang, P. & Wu, L. (2024). Well-being through transformation: An integrative framework of transformative tourism experiences and hedonic versus eudaimonic well-being. Journal of Travel Research, 63(4), 974-994.
  • İlhan, Y. & Soybalı, H. H. (2018). Turist rehberlerinin mesleki sorunları üzerine bir araştırma. Turist Rehberliği Dergisi (TURED), 1(1), 13-23.
  • Kabakulak, A. (2018). Turist Rehberleri Açısından İş Doyumunun Önemi. Turist Rehberliği Dergisi (TURED), 1(1), 1-12.
  • Karakaş, A. & Tezcan, N. (2019). The relation between work stress, work-family life conflict and worker performance: A research study on hospitality employees. European Journal of Tourism Research, 21, 102-118.
  • Nawaz Kalyar, M., Shafique, I. & Ahmad, B. (2019). Job stress and performance nexus in tourism industry: A moderation analysis. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 67(1), 6-21.
  • Koeske, G. F., Kirk, S. A. & Koeske, R. D. (1993). Coping with job stress: Which strategies work best? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66(4), 319–335.
  • Kożusznik, M. W., Peiró, J. M. & Soriano, A. (2019). Daily eudaimonic well-being as a predictor of daily performance: A dynamic lens. PloS one, 14(4), 1-24.
  • Lazarus, R. S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Law, J., Pearce, P. L. & Woods, B. A. (1995). Stress and coping in tourist attraction employees. Tourism Management, 16(4), 277-284.
  • Lopes, H., Lagoa, S. & Calapez, T. (2014). Work autonomy, work pressure, and job satisfaction: An analysis of European Union countries. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 25(2), 306-326.
  • Mackenzie, S. H. & Kerr, J. H. (2013). Stress and emotions at work: An adventure tourism guide’s experience. Tourism Management, 36, 3-14.
  • Min, J. (2014). The relationships between emotional intelligence, job stress, and quality of life among tour guides. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(10), 1170-1190.
  • Muhonen, T. & Torkelson, E. (2008). Collective and individualistic coping with stress at work. Psychological Reports, 102(2), 450-458.
  • Niemiec, C. P. (2014). Eudaimonic well-being. In Michalos, A.C. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Ön Esen, F. & Gülmez, M. (2017). Turizm rehberliği eğitimi ve eğitim modelleri. İçinde F.Ö. Güzel, V. Altıntaş, & İ. Şahin (Ed.). Turist rehberliği araştırmaları öngörüler ve uygulamalar, (ss. 27-47). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Pătraş, L., Martínez‐Tur, V., Gracia, E. & Moliner, C. (2017). Surface acting and exhaustion: The moderating role of eudaimonia. Stress and Health, 33(4), 322-329.
  • Peiró, J. M., Kozusznik, M. W. & Soriano, A. (2019). From happiness orientations to work performance: The mediating role of hedonic and eudaimonic experiences. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(24), 5002.
  • Peiro, J. M., Montesa, D., Soriano, A., Kozusznik, M. W., Villajos, E., Magdaleno, J., Plamenova Djourova, N. & Ayala, Y. (2021). Revisiting the happy-productive worker thesis from a eudaimonic perspective: A systematic review. Sustainability, 13(6), 3174.
  • Peterson, C., Park, N. & Seligman, M. E. (2005). Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. Journal of happiness studies, 6, 25-41.
  • Ritpanitchajchaval, N., Ashton, A. S. & Apollo, M. (2023). Eudaimonic well-being development: Motives driving mountain-based adventure tourism. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 42, 100607.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Selin Balta 0009-0006-6192-1358

Özcan Zorlu 0000-0003-3533-1945

Hande Akyurt Kurnaz 0000-0001-9712-6387

Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date September 4, 2024
Acceptance Date October 4, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Balta, S., Zorlu, Ö., & Akyurt Kurnaz, H. (2024). Turist Rehberliğinde Ödomanik İyilik Düzeyinin İş Stresine Etkisi. Turist Rehberliği Dergisi (TURED), 7(2), 106-122. https://doi.org/10.34090/tured.1543688