Three species of Verbascum L. from Northwest Anatolia of Turkey as a source of biological activities

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 29.06.2021

Nurcihan Hacıoğlu Neslihan Demir Özer Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.51435/turkjac.886692

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Phytochemical constituents, and some biological activities i.e. antimutagenicity, DNA damage protecting, antioxidant, antibacterial and antibiofilm of ethanolic extracts of three Verbascum plants (Verbascum mucronatum Lam., V. bombyciferum Boiss., V. vacillans Murb.) were studied. This paper is the first comprehensive research on V. mucronatum, V. bombyciferum, V. vacillans biological activities. V. vacillans ethanol extract has been determined to be lowest plant for phytochemical contents. In 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity three plants extracts showed concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity higher than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). V. mucronatum and V. bombyciferum extracts exhibited strong antimutagenic effect on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. Verbascum extracts showed DNA damage protection potential in tested concentrations. However, the lowest concentration (0.5 M) of the V. bombyciferum species Form III were observed and almost completely disintegrate DNA in this concentration. Three Verbascum plants were showed strong antibacterial activities with inhibition zones at 9.0 – 19.0 mm and significant reduction in biofilm formation. It was observed that these plants are potential source of various biological activities.

Keywords

Antibacterial, Antimutagenicity, Antioxidant activity, Verbascum mucronatum, V. bombyciferum, V. vacillans

References

• 1. Z. Akdemir, C. Kahraman, I. Tatlı, Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and wound healer glycosides from the flowers of Verbascum mucronatum Lam., J Ethnopharmacol, 136, 2011, 436–443.
• 2. S. Alan, F.Z. Saltan, R.S. Göktürk, M. Sökmen, Taxonomical properties of three Verbascum L. species and their antioxidant activities, Asian J Chem, 21, 2009, 5438-5452.
• 3. N. Ali, S.W.A. Shah, I. Shah, G. Ahmed, M. Ghias, I. Khan, W. Ali, Anthelmintic and relaxant activities of Verbascum thapsus Mullein, BMC Complement Altern Med, 12, 2012, 29-36.
• 4. R. Apak, K. Güçlü, M. Özyürek, S.E. Karademir, E. Erçağ, The Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas, Int J Food Sci Nutr, 57, 2006, 292-304.
• 5. A. Azman, I. Othman, C. Fang, K. Chan, B. Goh, L. Lee, Antibacterial, anticancer and neuroprotective activities of rare actinobacteria from mangrove forest soils, Indian J Microbiol, 57(2), 2017, 177–187.
• 6. T. Baytop, Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 1999, İstanbul.
• 7. M. Boğa, A. Ertaş, M.A. Yılmaz, M. Kızıl, B. Çeken, N. Haşimi, T.Y. Özden, S. Demirci, İ. Yener, Ö. Deveci, UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and GC-MS analyses on phenolic, fatty acid and essential oil of Verbascum pinetorum with antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial and DNA damage protection effects, Iran J Pharm Res, 15(3), 2016, 393-405.
• 8. P.E. Boissier, Verbascum L., Pp. 298‒362. In: Celsia L., Staurophragma Fisch. and C A Mey in Boissier P.E. (editor) Flora orientalis, 1869, Genevae.
• 9. W. Brand-Williams, M.E. Cuvelier, C. Berset, Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT Food Sci Technol, 28, 1995, 25-30.
• 10. C.C. Carneiro, J.H. Véras, B.R. Góes, C.N. Pérez, L. Chen-Chen, Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of Salacia crassifolia (mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don. evaluated by Ames test, Braz J Biol, 78(2), 2018, 345-350.
• 11. CLSI, Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standard-ninth edition, CLSI Document M07-A9, 2012, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
• 12. C.H. Collins, P.M. Lyne, J.M. Grange, Microbiological Methods, Butterworths and Co Ltd, 1989, London.
• 13. P.H. Davis, R.R. Mill, K. Tan, (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, 1988, Edinburgh.
• 14. B. Dülger, S. Kırmızı, H. Arslan, G. Güleryüz, Antimicrobial activity of three endemic Verbascum species, Pharm Biol, 40(8), 2002, 587-589.
• 15. B. Dülger, N. Hacıoğlu, Antimicrobial activity of some endemic Verbascum and Scrophularia species from Turkey, Asian J Chem, 20(5), 2008, 3779-3785.
• 16. B. Dülger, N. Hacıoğlu, Activity of three endemic Verbascum species against hospital isolates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Biotechnol Biotec EQ, 23, 2009, 760-762.
• 17. T. Ekim, Verbascum L. --- In: A. Güner, N. Özhatay, T. Ekim, K.H.C. Başer, (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, 2000, Edinburgh.
• 18. W.C. Evans, Pharmacognosy, W B Saunders Co. Ltd, 2009, Singapore.
• 19. I.K. Ferguson, Verbascum L. --- In: V.H. Heywood, G.T. Tutin, N.A. Burges, D.M. Moore, D.H. Valentine, S.M. Walters, D.A Webb, (eds.), Flora Europea, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 3, 1972, 205-215.
• 20. R. Fillipini, A. Piovan, A. Borsarini, R. Caniato, Study of dynamic accumulation of secondary metabolites in three subspecies of Hypericum perforatum, Fitoterapia, 81, 2010, 115-119.
• 21. E. Fischer, Scrophulariaceae In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The Families and genera of vascular plants 7. 2004, Berlin, Springer.
• 22. M. Georgiev, K. Alipieva, I. Orhan, R. Abrashev, P. Denev, M. Angelova, Antioxidant and cholinesterases inhibitory activities of Verbascum xanthophoeniceum Griseb. and its phenylethanoid glycosides, Food Chem, 128, 2011, 100–105.
• 23. S.S. Grant, D.T. Hung, Persistent bacterial infections, antibiotic tolerance, and the oxidative stress response, Virulence, 4(4), 2013, 273–283.
• 24. J.B. Harborne, Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis, Champman and Hall, 1973, London.
• 25. J.B. Harborne, H. Baxter, Handbook of Natural Flavonoids, Wiley, 1999, Chichester.
• 26. C.E. Hong, S.Y. Lyu, Genotoxicity detection of five medicinal plants in Nigeria, J Toxicol Sci, 36(1), 2011, 87-93.
• 27. A. Huber-Morath, Die Turkishchen Verbasceen. ---Kommissionsverlag von Gebrüder Fretz AG, 1971, Zurich.
• 28. A. Huber-Morath, Verbascum L. --- In: Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, 1978, Edinburgh.
• 29. Y. Ikken, P. Morales, A. Martinez, M.L. Marin, A.I. Haza, M.I. Cambero, Antimutagenic effect of fruit and vegetable ethanolic extracts against N-Nitrosoamines evaluated by The Ames Test, J Agric Food Chem, 47, 1999, 3257-3264.
• 30. S.G. Jonathan, I.O. Fasidi, Antimicrobial activities of two Nigerian edible macrofungi, Lycoperdon pusillum and L. giganteum, Afr J Biomed Res, 6, 2003, 85-90.
• 31. Ç. Kahraman, I.I. Tatlı, I.E. Orhan, Z.S. Akdemir, Cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Verbascum mucronatum Lam. and its secondary metabolites. Z Naturforsc, 65c, 2010, 667–674.
• 32. Ç. Kahraman, M. Ekizoğlu, D. Kart, Z.S. Akdemir, I.I. Tatlı, Antimicrobial activity of some Verbascum species growing in Turkey, FABAD J Pharm Sci, 36, 2011, 11-15.
• 33. Ç. Kahraman, Z.S. Akdemir, I.I. Tatlı, Promising cytotoxic activity profile, biological activities and phytochemical screening of Verbascum L. species, Med Aromat Plant Sci Biotechnol, 6, 2012, 63-75.
• 34. F.A. Karavelioğulları, Verbascum L. In: A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural, M.T. Babaç, (Eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler) Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, 2012, İstanbul.
• 35. F.A. Karavelioğulları, Verbascum ibrahim-belenlii (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey, Phytotaxa, 212(3), 2015, 246‒248.
• 36. N.H. Khan, M.S.A. Nur-E Kamal, M. Rahman, Antibacterial activity of Euphorbia thymifolia Linn, Indian J Med Res, 87, 1988, 395–397.
• 37. A.M. Khan, R.A. Qureshi, S.A. Gillani, U. Faizan, Antimicrobial activity of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Pakistan, J Med Plants Res, 5, 2011, 4665-4670.
• 38. E. Kozan, I.T. Çankaya, Ç. Kahraman, E.K. Akkol, Z. Akdemir, The in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of some Verbascum species growing in Turkey, Exp Parasite, 129, 2011, 211–214.
• 39. A. Mahmood, A. Mahmood, M. Mahmood, In vitro biological activities of most common medicinal plants of family Solanaceae, World App Sci J, 17(8), 2012, 1026-1032.
• 40. T.J. Makhafola, E.E. Elgorashi, L.J. McGaw, L. Verschaeveand, J.N. Eloff, The correlation between antimutagenic activity and total phenolic content of extracts of 31 plant species with high antioxidant activity, BMC Complement Altern Med, 16, 2016, 490.
• 41. D.M. Maron, B.N. Ames, Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat Res, 113, 1983, 173-215.
• 42. R.D. Meiklei, Verbascum L. --- In: R.D. Meikle (ed.), Flora of Cyprus, Royal Botanic Gardens, 1985, Kew.
• 43. J.H. Merritt, D.E. Kadouri, G.A. O'toole, Growing and analysing static biofilms, Curr Protoc Microbiol, 1(1B), 2005, 1-17.
• 44. H.K. Moghaddam, M. Mirzaii, M. Khaksari, M. Fazli, F. Rahimi, A.A. Behzadi, Antibacterial and anti-Adherent activity of great mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.) ethanolic extract on in vitro biofilm formation of three oral Streptococci, Int J Health Stud, 1(2), 2015, 34-37.
• 45. J.C.M.S. Moura, C.A.V. Bonine, J.O.F. Viana, M.C. Dornelas, P. Mazzafera, Abiotic and biotic stresses and changes in the lignin content and composition in plants, J Integr Plant Biol, 52, 2010, 360-376.
• 46. S.S. Murbeck, Monographie der Gattung Verbascum, Acta Universitatis Lundensis, 1933, Lund.
• 47. P.S. Negi, G.K. Jayaprakasha, B.S. Jena, Antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of Pomegranate peel extracts, Food Chem, 80, 2003, 393-397.
• 48. S.S.B.N. Ntuli, W.C.A. Gelderblom, D.R. Katerere, The mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of Sutherlandia frutescens extracts and marker compounds, BMC Complement Altern Med, 18, 2018, 93.
• 49. P.S. Ocampo, V. Lazar, B. Papp, M. Arnoldini, P.A. Wiesch, R. BusaFekete, G. Fekete, C. Pal, M. Ackermann, S. Bonhoeffer, Antagonism between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics is prevalent, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 58, 2014, 4573–4582.
• 50. B. Özcan, M. Esen, M. Calışkan, R.A. Mothana, A.C. Cihan, H. Yolcu, Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the various extracts of Verbascum pinetorum Boiss. O. Kuntze (Scrophulariaceae), Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 15, 2011, 900-905.
• 51. G.A. Pankey, L.D. Sabath, Clinical relevance of bacteriostatic versus bactericidal mechanisms of action in the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections, Clin Infect Dis, 38, 2004, 864–870.
• 52. G. Pramila, D.B. Jirekar, M. Farooqui, S.D. Naikwade, Biological activity of aqueous extract of some medicinal plants, Der Chemica Sinica, 5(4), 2014, 65-70.
• 53. N. Raaman, Phytochemical techniques, New India Publishing Agency, 2006, New Delhi.
• 54. A. Russo, A.A. Izzo, V. Cardile, F. Borrelli, A. Vanella, Indian medicinal plants as antiradicals and DNA cleavage protectors, Phytomedicine, 8(2), 2001, 125–132.
• 55. A.A. Shad, S. Ahmad, R. Ullah, N.M. AbdEl-Salam, H. Fouad, N. Rehman, H. Hussain, W. Saeed, Phytochemical and biological activities of four wild medicinal plants, Sci World J, 2014, ID 857363:7.
• 56. J.P.B. Sousa, M.F. Leite, R.F. Jorge, D.O. Resende, A.A. da Silva Filho, N.A.J.C. Furtado, A.E.E. Soares, A.C.C. Spadarom, PM. Magalhães, J.K. Bastos, Seasonality role on the phenolics from cultivated Baccharis dracunculifolia, Evid-Based Compl Alt, 2011, doi: 10.1093/ecam/nep077.
• 57. I.I. Tatlı, Z.S. Akdemir, Traditional uses and biological activities of Verbascum species, FABAD J Pharm Sci, 3, 2006, 85-96.
• 58. R. Teanpaisan, P. Kawsud, N. Pahumunto, J. Puripattanavong, Screening for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity in Thai medicinal plant extracts against oral microorganisms, J Tradit Complement Med, 7(2), 2017, 172–177.
• 59. A.U. Türker, E. Gürel, Common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.): Recent advances in research, Phytother Res, 19, 2005, 733–739.