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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2148-2306</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2528-858X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Siirt University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19159/tutad.1341341</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Phytopathology</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Fitopatoloji</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Determination of the Effects of Plant Activator and Fungicide Combinations on Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 in Turfgrass Areas</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Bitki Aktivatörü ve Fungisit Kombinasyonlarının Çim Alanlarında Rhizoctonia solani AG 4’e Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4620-5397</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ünal</surname>
                                    <given-names>Filiz</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Eskişehir, TÜRKİYE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3864-4958</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Eğerci</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yeşim</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Bornova Zirai Mücadele Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Bitki Hastalıkları Bölümü, İzmir, TÜRKİYE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-4412</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kurbetli</surname>
                                    <given-names>İlker</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Bitki Sağlığı Bölümü, Antalya, TÜRKİYE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20240403">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>03</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>11</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>1</fpage>
                                        <lpage>9</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20230811">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240311">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This study was conducted with the aim of determining the results of effective fungicides against Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 and their combinations with different doses of activators, as well as identifying an environmentally friendly method of combating the disease using low fungicide doses. The effect of different doses of two fungicides, found to be effective against the fungus in in vitro conditions, in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Arthrobacter sp., and Harpin Protein was initially determined through pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. The effects of two combinations, which were found to be successful in pot experiments, were investigated against the disease under field conditions in Antalya and Ankara. According to the trial results in field conditions, the highest efficacy was observed with the combination of Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) at the recommended dose (100 mL da-1), with a percentage of 90.77. This was followed by the combination of Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) at a reduced fungicide dose (50 mL da-1), which achieved an efficacy of 88.37%. When used alone against the disease, Arthrobacter sp., Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Harpin Protein exhibited low efficacy values of 46.20%, 39.73%, and 23.40%, respectively, placing them at the lower end. As a result, it has been concluded that the application of Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) at the 1st lower dose (50 mL da-1) can be effective in combating Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 in turf areas as an environmentally friendly control practice due to the use of low fungicide doses.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Bu çalışma, Rhizoctonia solani AG 4&#039;e karşı etkili fungisitlerin ve bunların farklı dozlarının aktivatörlerle kombinasyonunun sonuçlarını tespit etmek ve düşük dozda fungisit kullanımı ile çevre dostu bir mücadele yöntemi tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. İn vitro koşullarında fungusa karşı etkili bulunan iki fungisitin farklı dozlarının Lactobacillus acidophilus,  Arthrobacter sp. ve Harpin Protein ile kombinasyonlarının etkisi öncelikle sera koşullarında saksı denemeleri ile belirlenmiştir. Antalya ve Ankara’da arazi koşullarında ise saksı denemelerinde başarılı bulunan iki kombinasyonun hastalığa karşı etkileri araştırılmıştır. Tarla koşullarındaki deneme sonuçlarına göre % 90.77 ile en yüksek etki Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) önerilen doz (100 mL da-1) kombinasyonunda bulunurken bunu fungisit dozunun azaltıldığı % 88.37 etki ile Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) (50 mL da-1)  takip etmiştir. Hastalığa karşı tek başına kullanılan Arthrobacter sp., Lactobacillus acidophilus, ve Harpin Protein sırasıyla % 46.20, % 39.73 ve % 23.40 düşük etki değerleri ile sonlarda yer almıştır. Sonuç olarak düşük doz fungisit kullanılmasından dolayı çevre dostu bir mücadele uygulaması olarak Arthrobacter sp.-(Prothioconazole+Spiroxamine) 1. alt doz (50 mL da-1) uygulamasının, çim alanlarında Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 mücadelesi için etkili olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Arthrobacter</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  fungisit</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  çim</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Harpin protein</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Lactobacillus acidophilus</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Arthrobacter</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  fungicide</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  turfgrass</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Harpin protein</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Lactobacillus acidophilus</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                    <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Tübitak</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                    </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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