Libya’dan Sonra Koruma Sorumluluğu Doktrini: "Koruma Sırasında Sorumluluk" ve "Sorumlu Koruma" Yaklaşımları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 248 - 287, 31.05.2021

Çağrı Emin Demirbaş

Abstract

2011 yılında Libya’ya yönelik olarak insancıl gerekçelerle gerçekleştirilen NATO müdahalesi yoğun eleştirilere konu olmuştur. Bu eleştirilerin başlıcaları rejim değişikliği yaratılması, tarafsızlık ilkesine riayet edilmeyerek çatışan taraflardan birinin desteklenmesi ve müdahalenin sonuçları bağlamında da başarısızlığa uğradığıdır. Tüm bu eleştiriler Brezilya tarafından önerilen Koruma Sırasında Sorumluluk (responsibility while protecting) ve Çin tarafından ortaya atılan Sorumlu Koruma (responsible protection) gibi yeni kavramlar altında koruma sorumluluğu doktrininin gözden geçirilmesine yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada koruma sorumluluğu doktrinine yönelik olarak ortaya atılmış olan bu iki yaklaşım bağlamında Libya müdahalesi ve sonraki tartışmalar gündeme alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel argümanı bu yeni yaklaşımların koruma sorumluluğu kavramında içerilmeyen yeni bir öneri getirmediği ve bu bağlamda her iki yaklaşımın da Libya müdahalesine yönelik olarak yalnızca eleştirel yaklaşımlar olarak okunabileceğidir.

Keywords

insancıl müdahale, koruma sorumluluğu, koruma sırasında sorumluluk, sorumlu koruma, Libya

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