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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ust / ich</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Uluslararası Suçlar ve Tarih</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1306-9136</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2791-9005</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Terazi Yayıncılık</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54842/ustich.1749637</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>African Studies</subject>
                                                            <subject>Politics in International Relations</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Afrika Çalışmaları</subject>
                                                            <subject>Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>EVRENSEL Mİ AYRICALIKLI MI? İNSAN HAKLARININ SEÇİCİ KORUNMASI VE RUANDA KRİZİ ÜZERİNDEN KÜRESEL SESSİZLİK</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>UNIVERSAL OR EXCLUSIVE? SELECTIVE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND GLOBAL SILENCE OVER THE RWANDA CRISIS</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-4097</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aslan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Özer</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>POLİS AKADEMİSİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260331">
                    <day>03</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>27</issue>
                                        <fpage>149</fpage>
                                        <lpage>176</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250724">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>24</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260223">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>23</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2006, International Crimes and History</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2006</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>International Crimes and History</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Bu çalışma, 1994 Ruanda Soykırımı üzerinden insan haklarının evrensellik ilkesinin pratikte ne ölçüde geçerli olduğunu sorgulamakta ve uluslararası müdahalelerdeki seçiciliği eleştirel bir bakışla incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, insan hakları söyleminin evrensel bir normdan çok, jeopolitik çıkarlar ve uluslararası güç dengeleri doğrultusunda biçimlendiğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda, soykırımın tarihsel ve siyasal arka planı detaylı biçimde ele alınmış, uluslararası toplumun tepkisizliği, özellikle Fransa, Belçika, ABD ve Birleşmiş Milletler’in tutumları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma boyunca, insan haklarının coğrafi ayrımcılığa dayalı olarak farklı coğrafyalarda farklı derecelerde korunduğu; müdahale pratiklerinin zamanlamasının ve biçiminin büyük ölçüde siyasal hesaplarla belirlendiği gösterilmiştir. Ruanda’da yaşanan katliamın &quot;kabile savaşı&quot; şeklinde çerçevelenerek küçümsenmesi, küresel sessizliğin meşrulaştırılmasında medyanın da nasıl işlev gördüğünü ortaya koymuştur.Öne çıkan yönü, insan hakları ihlallerinin yalnızca kriz anlarında değil, kriz sonrasındaki siyasal inşa süreçlerinde de araçsallaştırıldığını vurgulamasıdır. RPF’nin hem mağdur hem de kurtarıcı olarak konumlandırılması, kendi ihlallerinin göz ardı edilmesine yol açmıştır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, insan hakları söyleminin yalnızca metinsel bir ideal değil, aynı zamanda siyasal çıkarlarla iç içe geçmiş bir pratik olduğunu; evrensellik iddiasının sahadaki uygulamalarda ciddi biçimde aşındığını göstermektedir. Ruanda örneği, küresel insan hakları düzeninin yapısal sınırlarını görünür kılmakta ve daha adil, eşitlikçi bir yaklaşımın gerekliliğine dikkat çekmektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This study questions the practical validity of the principle of universality of human rights through the 1994 Rwandan Genocide and critically examines the selectivity in international interventions. The study aims to demonstrate that the human rights framework is shaped by geopolitical interests and the international balance of power rather than a universal norm. This capacity is evaluated within the context of the current state of the genocide and its political background, and the lack of response by the international community, particularly the stances of France, Belgium, the United States, and the United Nations. Throughout the study, there are instances where human rights are protected to varying degrees in different geographies based on discrimination, and where the processes and forms of intervention practices are largely determined by political calculations. The downplaying of the Rwandan genocide by framing it as a &quot;tribal war&quot; and the distribution of media use in legitimizing global silence are revealed. The positioning of the RPF as both flawed and a savior has led to the disregard of its own agreements. This comprehensive study demonstrates that human rights are not merely a textual ideal but also a practice intertwined with political interests; The claim of universality has been seriously eroded in practice on the ground. The Rwanda example highlights the need for a sustainable global human rights order and a more just and liberal approach.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Soykırımı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  İnsan Hakları</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Seçici Müdahale</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Küresel Sessizlik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Jeopolitik Çıkarlar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Coğrafi Ayrımcılık.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Genocide</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Human Rights</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Selective Intervention</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  International Community</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Global Silence</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Geopolitical Interests.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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