BİRİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI, ULUSLARIN KENDİ KADERLERİNİ TAYİN HAKKI VE ORTA ÇAĞHUKUKUNUN MİRASLARI

Year 2014, Issue: 15, 59 - 76, 01.03.2014

Karl Shoemaker

Abstract

Uluslararası hukuktaki, ulusların kendi kaderlerini tayin edebilmehakkının kökenleri, Orta Çağ’ın sonlarında Avrupa’da, özellikle deHıristiyan devlet egemenliği kavramlarından kısmen ortaya çıkmış vekayda değer ölçüde varlığı devam ettirmiştir. Modern uluslararasıhukuk uzmanları tarafından bu hakkın ortaçağ kökenleri genel olarakdikkate değer bulunmasa da, 19. yüzyılda ve 20. yüzyılın ilk yarısındaulusların kendi kaderini tayin etmesi, ayrıcalıklı Hristiyankavramlarından devlet kurma ve ulusal kimlik olacak şekilde yenidenşekillenmiştir. Hatta, özellikle Osmanlı yönetimi altındaki Balkantopraklarında 19. yüzyılda meydana gelen gelişmeler, önemli olmasınarağmen, yankıları 1919’da Versay’da ve sonrasında, uluslararasıhukuku geliştirebilmek için göz ardı edilmiştir

Keywords

Ulusların kendi kaderini tayin hakkı, uluslararası hukuk, Versay, Osmanlı, Balkanlar

WORLD WAR I, SELF-DETERMINATION, AND THE LEGACIES OF MEDIEVAL JURISPRUDENCE

Abstract

The principle of self-determination in international law is inpart an outgrowth of particularly Christian concepts of state sovereigntythat emerged in Europe at the end of the Middle Ages, and which haveenjoyed a considerable afterlife. Even if its medieval origins are largelyunappreciated by modern scholars of international law, the principle ofself-determination was appealed to in the nineteenth and early twentiethcenturies in ways that privileged Christian concepts of statehood andnational identity. Further, this nineteenth-century experience,particularly as it unfolded in the Ottoman Balkans, had important butneglected repercussions for the development of international law atVersailles in 1919 and thereafter

Keywords

self-determination, international law, Versailles, OttomanBalkans

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