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SÖMÜRGECİLİK, ALMANYA’NIN DENEYİMLERİ VE TARİHE YANSIMALARI

Year 2013, Issue: 14, 105 - 138, 01.03.2013

Abstract

Almanların sömürgeci deneyimi diğerlerine kıyasla az çalışılmışbir alandır. (Bunun nedeni) Her şeyden önce bu konu kısa bir zamanzarfını kapsar. İkincisi, Nazi Almanya’sına verilen genel önemin diğerdönemlerin önüne geçmiş olmasıdır. Alman sömürgeci yönetiminin anibitişinin sebebi İngilizlerce, Alman İmparatorluğu’nun yerel halkı veyabancı toprakları yönetmedeki tecrübesizliği olarak öne sürülmüştür.Ancak, Steinmetz bize Alman İmparatorluğu’nun ‘sömürgeci devletyönetimi’ konusunda tecrübeli olduklarını gösterir

References

  • The New York Times, February 2, 1904, p.2.
  • The New York Times, February 24, 1904, p.2.
  • The New York Times, April 10, 1904, p.4.
  • The New York Times, April 12, 1904, p. 2.
  • The New York Times, April 29, 1904, p. 5.
  • The New York Times, April 29, 1904, p. 5.
  • The New York Times, May 8, 1904, p. 4.
  • The New York Times, August 27, 1904, p. 4.
  • News of the Week, The Penny Illustrated Paper and Illustrated Times
  • (London: England), Saturday, October 21, 1905; p. 245; Issue 2317. The New York Times, December 31, 1904. Official wording of the German Minister, Last access: August, 2004, 040814.html>. Rainer Chr. Hennig, “Germany apologises for “1904 Namibia
  • genocide,” Afrol News, 16 August 16, 2004,
  • <http://www.afrol.com/printable_article /13714>. “Namibia: Germany apology to the Herero”, Mostly Africa (Blog), August 14, 2004,
  • apology-to Herero>. Kae Matundu-Tjiparuro. “When Will Reperation or Restorative Justice
  • Be Discussed? Newsera, 02/22/2007,<http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?db=oldarchive&art
  • icleid=14925>. Chrispin Inambao, “German Minister to Pay Homage at Okahandja,” New Era, 12 August, 2004,
  • <http://newera.com.na/article.php?db=oldarchive&articleid=2565>. Secondary Sources
  • Conceptualization of Colonialism Cooper, Frederic. Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History.
  • Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005. Elliot, J. H. Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America
  • 1830. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008. Mommsen, Wolfgang J. Theories of Imperialism. translated by P.S.
  • Falla. New York: Random House, 1980. Osterhammel, Jürgen. Colonialism. Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers, 1997. Said, Edward W. Orientalism. New York: Pantheon Books, 1978. Said, Edward. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Knopf, 1993.
  • Colonialism and Imperial Germany Berman, Russel A. Enlightenment or Empire: Cultural Discourse in
  • German Culture. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. Friedrichsmeyer, Sara, Lennox, Sara and Zantop, Suzanne ed. The
  • Imperialist Imagination: German Colonialism and Its Legacy. Ann
  • Arbor: The University of Michigan Press: 1998. Henderson, W.O. The German Colonial Empire 1884-1919. London:
  • Frank Cass, 1993. Steinmetz, George. The Devil’s Handwriting: Precoloniality and the
  • German Colonial State in Qingdao, Samoa and Southwest Africa
  • Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2007. Smith, Woodruff D. The German Colonial Empire. Chapel Hill: The
  • University of North Carolina Press, 1978. Zantop, Susanne. Colonial Fantasies: Conquest, Family, and Nation in
  • Precolonial Germany, 1770-1870. Durham: Duke University Press, 1997. Zimmerman, Andrew. Anthropology and Anti-humanism in Imperial
  • Germany. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2001.
  • Imperial Germany and West Africa Bley, Helmut.
  • Kolonialherrschaft und Sozialstruktur in Deutsch
  • Su�dwestafrika 1894-1914. English South-West Africa under German
  • rule, 1894-1914. translated, edited, and prepared by Hugh Ridley.
  • Evanston, Northwestern University Press, 1971. Drechsler, Horst. Südwestafrika unter deutscher Kolonialberrschaft.
  • Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966. trans. Let us Die Fighting: The
  • Struggle of the Herero and Nama against German Imperialism.
  • Zöllner, Bernd. London: Zed Press, 1980. Gewald, Jan-Bart. Herero Heroes: A Socio-Political History of the
  • Herero of Namibia 1890-1923. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1999.
  • Project of Modernity, Imperial Germany and the Holocaust Hong, Young-sun. “Neither Singular Nor Alternative: Narratives of
  • Modernity and Welfare in Germany, 1870-1945” Social History 27
  • (2002): pp. 1-15. Marrus, Michael and Paxton, Robert O. Vichy France and the Jews.
  • New York: Basic Books, 1981. Smith, Woodruff. The Ideological Roots of Nazi Imperialism. New York
  • University Press, 1986. Smith, Denis Mack. Modern Italy: A Political History, Ann Arbor: The
  • University of Michigan Press, 1997. Sweeney, Dennis. “Reconsidering the Modernity Paradigm: Reform
  • Movements, the Social and the State in Wilhelmine Germany, Social
  • History, 31 (2006): pp. 405-434. Wright, John L. Libya: A Modern History. Baltimore: The John Hopkins
  • University Press, 1982. Zimmerer, Jürgen. “Colonial Genocide: The Herero and Nama War
  • (1904-8)”, ed. Stone, Dan, The Historiography of Genocide. New
  • York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Zimmerer, Jürgen and Zeller, Joachim, trans. Neather, Edward. Genocide
  • in German South-West Africa: the Colonial War (1904-1908) in
  • Namibia and its aftermath. Monmouth, Wales: Merlin Press, 2008. Zimmerer, Jürgen. “The Birth of Eastern Land” out of the Spirit of
  • Colonialism: A Post-colonial Perspective on the Nazi Policy of Conquest and Extermination,’ Patterns of Prejudice, 39, 2 (2005), pp. 197-219.

COLONIALISM, GERMAN EXPERIENCE AND THE REFLECTIONS ON HISTORY

Year 2013, Issue: 14, 105 - 138, 01.03.2013

Abstract

The German colonialist experience is relatively a less studiedarea. First of all, it occupies relatively a short span of time. Second, thegeneral emphasis on the Third Reich eclipses other periods. In theaftermath of the abrupt ending of German colonial rule, the British evenargued that the German Empire was inexperienced when it came toruling indigenous populations and foreign lands.1However, as Steinmetzshows German Empire was experienced in “colonial statecraft.”2the essay will be unfolding a problem presented by recent scholarlyworks: debate on German colonialism and its link to Holocaust

References

  • The New York Times, February 2, 1904, p.2.
  • The New York Times, February 24, 1904, p.2.
  • The New York Times, April 10, 1904, p.4.
  • The New York Times, April 12, 1904, p. 2.
  • The New York Times, April 29, 1904, p. 5.
  • The New York Times, April 29, 1904, p. 5.
  • The New York Times, May 8, 1904, p. 4.
  • The New York Times, August 27, 1904, p. 4.
  • News of the Week, The Penny Illustrated Paper and Illustrated Times
  • (London: England), Saturday, October 21, 1905; p. 245; Issue 2317. The New York Times, December 31, 1904. Official wording of the German Minister, Last access: August, 2004, 040814.html>. Rainer Chr. Hennig, “Germany apologises for “1904 Namibia
  • genocide,” Afrol News, 16 August 16, 2004,
  • <http://www.afrol.com/printable_article /13714>. “Namibia: Germany apology to the Herero”, Mostly Africa (Blog), August 14, 2004,
  • apology-to Herero>. Kae Matundu-Tjiparuro. “When Will Reperation or Restorative Justice
  • Be Discussed? Newsera, 02/22/2007,<http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?db=oldarchive&art
  • icleid=14925>. Chrispin Inambao, “German Minister to Pay Homage at Okahandja,” New Era, 12 August, 2004,
  • <http://newera.com.na/article.php?db=oldarchive&articleid=2565>. Secondary Sources
  • Conceptualization of Colonialism Cooper, Frederic. Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History.
  • Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005. Elliot, J. H. Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America
  • 1830. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008. Mommsen, Wolfgang J. Theories of Imperialism. translated by P.S.
  • Falla. New York: Random House, 1980. Osterhammel, Jürgen. Colonialism. Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers, 1997. Said, Edward W. Orientalism. New York: Pantheon Books, 1978. Said, Edward. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Knopf, 1993.
  • Colonialism and Imperial Germany Berman, Russel A. Enlightenment or Empire: Cultural Discourse in
  • German Culture. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. Friedrichsmeyer, Sara, Lennox, Sara and Zantop, Suzanne ed. The
  • Imperialist Imagination: German Colonialism and Its Legacy. Ann
  • Arbor: The University of Michigan Press: 1998. Henderson, W.O. The German Colonial Empire 1884-1919. London:
  • Frank Cass, 1993. Steinmetz, George. The Devil’s Handwriting: Precoloniality and the
  • German Colonial State in Qingdao, Samoa and Southwest Africa
  • Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2007. Smith, Woodruff D. The German Colonial Empire. Chapel Hill: The
  • University of North Carolina Press, 1978. Zantop, Susanne. Colonial Fantasies: Conquest, Family, and Nation in
  • Precolonial Germany, 1770-1870. Durham: Duke University Press, 1997. Zimmerman, Andrew. Anthropology and Anti-humanism in Imperial
  • Germany. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2001.
  • Imperial Germany and West Africa Bley, Helmut.
  • Kolonialherrschaft und Sozialstruktur in Deutsch
  • Su�dwestafrika 1894-1914. English South-West Africa under German
  • rule, 1894-1914. translated, edited, and prepared by Hugh Ridley.
  • Evanston, Northwestern University Press, 1971. Drechsler, Horst. Südwestafrika unter deutscher Kolonialberrschaft.
  • Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966. trans. Let us Die Fighting: The
  • Struggle of the Herero and Nama against German Imperialism.
  • Zöllner, Bernd. London: Zed Press, 1980. Gewald, Jan-Bart. Herero Heroes: A Socio-Political History of the
  • Herero of Namibia 1890-1923. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1999.
  • Project of Modernity, Imperial Germany and the Holocaust Hong, Young-sun. “Neither Singular Nor Alternative: Narratives of
  • Modernity and Welfare in Germany, 1870-1945” Social History 27
  • (2002): pp. 1-15. Marrus, Michael and Paxton, Robert O. Vichy France and the Jews.
  • New York: Basic Books, 1981. Smith, Woodruff. The Ideological Roots of Nazi Imperialism. New York
  • University Press, 1986. Smith, Denis Mack. Modern Italy: A Political History, Ann Arbor: The
  • University of Michigan Press, 1997. Sweeney, Dennis. “Reconsidering the Modernity Paradigm: Reform
  • Movements, the Social and the State in Wilhelmine Germany, Social
  • History, 31 (2006): pp. 405-434. Wright, John L. Libya: A Modern History. Baltimore: The John Hopkins
  • University Press, 1982. Zimmerer, Jürgen. “Colonial Genocide: The Herero and Nama War
  • (1904-8)”, ed. Stone, Dan, The Historiography of Genocide. New
  • York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Zimmerer, Jürgen and Zeller, Joachim, trans. Neather, Edward. Genocide
  • in German South-West Africa: the Colonial War (1904-1908) in
  • Namibia and its aftermath. Monmouth, Wales: Merlin Press, 2008. Zimmerer, Jürgen. “The Birth of Eastern Land” out of the Spirit of
  • Colonialism: A Post-colonial Perspective on the Nazi Policy of Conquest and Extermination,’ Patterns of Prejudice, 39, 2 (2005), pp. 197-219.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA94KD47MV
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yekta K Noyan This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Issue: 14

Cite

Chicago Noyan, Yekta K. “SÖMÜRGECİLİK, ALMANYA’NIN DENEYİMLERİ VE TARİHE YANSIMALARI”. Uluslararası Suçlar Ve Tarih, no. 14 (March 2013): 105-38.