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Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants

Year 2024, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 125 - 131, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1482852

Abstract

This study was designed to provide data on the incidence rates of congenital anomalies and their distribution by organs and systems in calves, lambs and kids brought to Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Surgery Clinic between 2017-2023. The animal material of the study consisted of 1104 ruminants, including 886 calves, 183 lambs and 35 kids, aged 0-6 months. In addition to clinical examination, anomalies were diagnosed by using direct and indirect radiographic examinations when necessary. In some cases, a definitive diagnosis was made by performing experimental laparotomy based on clinical and radiological examinations. 341 out of 1104 ruminants, including 234 calves, 96 lambs and 11 kids, suffered from congenital anomalies. Of the ruminants with congenital anomalies, 208 (61.00%) were male, 132 (38.70%) female and 1 (0.30%) hermaphrodite. Abdominal wall anomalies were determined with the highest number of 112 (32.9%) cases. These were followed by musculoskeletal system anomalies in 83 (24.4%) cases and gastrointestinal system anomalies in 56 (16.5%) cases. Head region anomalies occurred in 41 cases (12.1%), urinary system anomalies in 23 cases (6.8%) and CNS anomalies in 9 cases (2.6%). Multiple anomalies were recorded in 16 (4.7%) cases. In conclusion, congenital anomalies are frequently seen as pathologies in ruminants in our country, especially in our region. Avoiding inbreeding, making artificial insemination widespread, improving the care and nutrition of the dam during pregnancy, correcting adverse environmental conditions and eliminating stress factors, avoiding over-the-counter medication misuse during pregnancy and most importantly informing field veterinarians and animal owners about the subject will contribute to the prevention of congenital malformations and losses in livestock.

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted with the permission of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee on 01/02/2024 with the number 2024/01-03.

References

  • Abdelhakiem AHM, Elrashidy HM (2017). A retrospective study of the congenital anomalies of the axial and appendicular skeleton in cow calves. Assiut Vet Med J, 63 (153), 88-99.
  • Aksoy Ö, Kılıç E, Öztürk S et al. (2006). Congenital anomalies encountered in calves, lambs and kids 1996-2005 (262 cases). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 12 (2), 147-154.
  • Al-Ani FK, Khamas WA, Al-Qudah KM, Al-Rawashdeh O (1998). Occurrence of congenital anomalies in Shami breed goats: 211 cases investigated in 19 herds. Small Rumin Res, 28 (3), 225–232.
  • Azizi S, Mohammadi R, Mohammadpour I (2010). Surgical repair and management of congenital intestinal atresia in 68 calves. Vet Surg, 39 (1), 115-120.
  • Basrur PK (1993). Congenital abnormalities of the goat. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract., 9 (1), 183-202.
  • Belge A, Gönenci R, Biricik HS, Ormancı S (2000). Buzağılarda doğmasal anomali olguları. YYÜ Vet Fak Derg, 11 (2), 23-26.
  • Constable PD, Shanks RD, Huhn J, Morin DE (1997). Evaluation of breed as a risk factor for atresia coli in cattle. Theriogenology, 48 (5), 775-790.
  • Dennis SM (1993). Congenital defects of sheep. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 9 (1), 203-217.
  • Doğan H, Şındak N (2013). The incidence of anomalies in calves, lambs and goat kids in the district of Nizip and its villages and determination of some biochemical parameters in these cases. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 2 (2), 61-66.
  • DrDataStats (2023). İllere göre Türkiye’de hayvancılık: Canlı hayvan sayıları. Erişim tarihi: 12 Nisan 2024. Erişim Adresi: https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-hayvancilik-canli-hayvan-sayilari/.
  • Elma E (1992). S. Ü. Veteriner fakültesi cerrahi kliniğine 1985-1990 yılları arasında getirilen hastalara toplu bir bakış. SÜ Vet Fak Derg, 8 (1), 58-60.
  • Gangwar AK, Devi KS, Singh AK et. al. (2014). Congenital anomalies and their surgical correction in ruminants. Adv Anim Vet Sci, 2 (7), 369 – 376.
  • Göksel BA, Sarıtaş ZK (2016). Clinical and operative approach of intestinal atresia in calves. Kocatepe Vet J, 9 (3), 200-210.
  • Greber D, Doherr M, Drögemüller C, Steiner A (2013). Occurrence of congenital disorders in Swiss sheep. Acta Vet Scand, 55 (1), 27.
  • Han MC, Durmuş AS (2005). Buzağılarda bazı konjenital anomali olguları. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3 (2), 175-177.
  • Hasan MS, Rahaman MM, Sen AB et al. (2015). Prevalence of congenital defects of cattle and goat in Bangladesh. Int J Nat Soc Sci, 2 (5), 13-17.
  • Herschler MS, Fechheimer NS, Gilmore LO (1962). Congenital abnormalities in cattle: their association with hereditary and environmental factors. J Dairy Sci, 45 (12), 1493-1499.
  • İder M, Ertürk A (2023). Koyun ve keçilerde neonatal kayıpların önlenmesi. Alkan F (Ed). Sağlıklı ve Sürdürülebilir Koyun ve Keçi Yetiştiriciliği (S. 28-35). Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara.
  • İşler C, Altuğ M, Gönenci R, Aytekin İ (2016). 2005-2009 yılları arasında Bolu bölgesinde buzağılarda tespit edilen anomali olgularının değerlendirilmesi. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 5 (2), 100-104.
  • Karabulut, E, Ünsaldı S, Durgun, T (2001). 1991-2000 Yılları arasında Fırat Üniversitesi veteriner fakültesi cerrahi kliniğine getirilen buzağılardaki doğmasal anomali olguları. FÜ Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 15 (2), 367-374.
  • Kaya M, Okumuş Z, Doğan E, Çetin EM, Yanmaz LE (2011). Erzurum yöresindeki buzağılarda doğmasal anomalilerin görülme sıklığı ve sağaltım oranları. FÜ Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 25 (2), 83-93.
  • Leipold HW (1978). Genetics and disease in cattle. In: Proceedings of The Eleventh Annual Convention American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Leipold HW (1982). Congenital defects of current concern and interest in cattle: A review. AABP, 17, 101–114.
  • Leipold HW, Steffen DJ, Woollen N, Hiraga T, Dennis SM (1991). Congenital Defects of Current Concern in Beef Cattle. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Conference. American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Orlando, Florida.
  • Mee JF, Murphy D, Curran M (2024). Bovine congenital defects recorded by veterinary practitioners. Reprod Domest Anim, 59 (1), e14501.
  • Meylan M (2008). Surgery of the bovine large intestine. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 24 (3), 479-496.
  • Newman SJ, Bailey TL, Jones JC, DiGrassie WA, Whittier WD (1999). Multiple congenital anomalies in a calf. JVDI, 11 (4), 368-371.
  • Nigam JM, Misk NA, Rifat JF (1984). Surgical management or congenital anomalies of ruminants. Agri-practice, 5 (7), 38-47.
  • Oğurtan Z, Alkan F, Koç Y (1997). Ruminantlarda kongenital anomaliler. Türk Vet Hekim Derg, 9 (4), 24-28.
  • Özaydın İ, Kılıç E, Okumuş Z, Cihan M (1995). 1992-1995 yılları arasında Kafkas Üniversitesi veteriner fakültesi kliniklerine getirilen buzağılarda doğmasal anomali olguları. Vet Cerrahi Derg, 1 (2), 22-25.
  • Perez V, Fernández M, Benavıdes J et al. (2017). Anomalías congénitas en pequeños rumiantes: revisión de casos de diagnóstico. XVIII Congreso Internacional y XLII Congreso Nacional SEOC, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Polat E (2022). Descriptive study of congenital anomalies encountered in ruminants in Elazig region of Turkey. FAVE Sección Ciencias Veterinarias, 21 (1), 1-13.
  • Radjendran A, Roshini ST, Gurunathan N et al. (2023). Incidence of Congenital Abnormalities in Newborn Crossbred Calves. Ind J Vet Sci and Biotech, 19 (6), 69-74.
  • Sağlam K, Göl M, Önyay T et al. (2023). Congenital anomaly cases in calves. Med Weter, 79 (2), 77-82.
  • Samad MA (2021). Systematic review of congenital anomalies in calves and kids reported during the period from 1975 to 2021 in Bangladesh. JVMOHR, 3 (2), 129-153.
  • Sinowatz F (2010). Teratology. Hyttel P, Sinowatz F, Vejlsted M, Betteridge K (Eds). Essentials of Domestic Animal Embryology (pp. 339-382). Saunders Elsevier, America.
  • Sokal R, Tata LJ, Fleming KM (2014). Sex prevalence of major congenital anomalies in the United Kingdom: a national population-based study and international comparison meta-analysis. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol, 100 (2), 79-91.
  • Sonfada ML, Sivachelvan MN, Haruna Y, Wiam I, Yahaya A (2010). Incidence of congenital malformations in ruminants in Northeastern Region of Nigeria. Int J Anim Veter Adv, 2 (1), 1-4.
  • Su J, Gao S, Yan R et al. (2023). Is the tradeoff between folic acid or/and multivitamin supplementation against birth defects in early pregnancy reconsidered? evidence based on a Chinese birth cohort study. Nutrients, 15 (2), 279.
  • Uzar T, Szczerbal I, Serwanska-Leja K et al. (2020). Congenital Malformations in a Holstein-Fresian Calf with a Unique Mosaic Karyotype: A Case Report. Animals (Basel), 10 (9), 1615.
  • Yurdakul İ (2019). Buzağılarda kongenital intestinal atresia olgularının klinik ve sağaltım yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Van Vet J, 30 (1), 31-36.

Ruminantlarda Konjenital Anomali Olgularının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 125 - 131, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1482852

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2017-2023 yılları arasında Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen buzağı, kuzu ve oğlaklarda konjenital anomalilerin insidans oranları hakkında veri sağlamak ve bu hayvanlardaki anomalilerin organ ve sistemlere göre dağılımları hakkında bilgi vermek amacıyla tasarlandı. Çalışmanın hayvan materyalini 0-6 aylık 886 buzağı, 183 kuzu ve 35 oğlak olmak üzere 1104 ruminant oluşturdu. Klinik muayene yöntemlerine ek olarak, gerektiğinde direkt ve indirekt radyografik muayeneler kullanılarak anomaliler teşhis edildi. Bazı vakalarda klinik ve radyolojik muayenelere dayanarak deneysel laparotomi yapılarak kesin tanı konuldu. 234 buzağı, 96 kuzu ve 11 oğlak olmak üzere 1104 ruminanttan 341'i konjenital anomalilere sahipti. Konjenital anomalili ruminantların 208'i (%61.00) erkek, 132'si (%38.70) dişi ve 1'i (%0.30) hermafroditti. Karın duvarı anomalileri 112 (%32.9) vaka ile en fazla gözlenen anomali çeşidi olarak tespit edildi. Bunu 83 (%24.4) olgu ile kas-iskelet sistemi anomalileri ve 56 (%16.5) olgu ile gastrointestinal sistem anomalileri takip etmiştir. Daha sonra 41 vakada (%12.1) baş bölgesi anomalileri, 23 vakada (%6.8) üriner sistem anomalileri ve 9 vakada (%2.6) MSS anomalileri görüldü. Multiple anomali 16 (%4.7) vakada kaydedildi. Sonuç olarak, konjenital anomaliler bölgemizde ruminantlarda sıklıkla görülen patolojilerdir. Akrabalı yetiştirmeden kaçınılması, suni tohumlamanın yaygınlaştırılması, gebelik süresince annenin bakım ve beslenmesinin iyileştirilmesi, olumsuz çevre koşullarının düzeltilmesi ve stres faktörlerinin ortadan kaldırılması, gebelik süresince bilinçsiz ilaç kullanımından kaçınılması ve en önemlisi saha veteriner hekimlerinin ve hayvan sahiplerinin konu hakkında bilgilendirilmesi çiftlik hayvanlarında konjenital malformasyonların ve kayıpların önlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.

References

  • Abdelhakiem AHM, Elrashidy HM (2017). A retrospective study of the congenital anomalies of the axial and appendicular skeleton in cow calves. Assiut Vet Med J, 63 (153), 88-99.
  • Aksoy Ö, Kılıç E, Öztürk S et al. (2006). Congenital anomalies encountered in calves, lambs and kids 1996-2005 (262 cases). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 12 (2), 147-154.
  • Al-Ani FK, Khamas WA, Al-Qudah KM, Al-Rawashdeh O (1998). Occurrence of congenital anomalies in Shami breed goats: 211 cases investigated in 19 herds. Small Rumin Res, 28 (3), 225–232.
  • Azizi S, Mohammadi R, Mohammadpour I (2010). Surgical repair and management of congenital intestinal atresia in 68 calves. Vet Surg, 39 (1), 115-120.
  • Basrur PK (1993). Congenital abnormalities of the goat. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract., 9 (1), 183-202.
  • Belge A, Gönenci R, Biricik HS, Ormancı S (2000). Buzağılarda doğmasal anomali olguları. YYÜ Vet Fak Derg, 11 (2), 23-26.
  • Constable PD, Shanks RD, Huhn J, Morin DE (1997). Evaluation of breed as a risk factor for atresia coli in cattle. Theriogenology, 48 (5), 775-790.
  • Dennis SM (1993). Congenital defects of sheep. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 9 (1), 203-217.
  • Doğan H, Şındak N (2013). The incidence of anomalies in calves, lambs and goat kids in the district of Nizip and its villages and determination of some biochemical parameters in these cases. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 2 (2), 61-66.
  • DrDataStats (2023). İllere göre Türkiye’de hayvancılık: Canlı hayvan sayıları. Erişim tarihi: 12 Nisan 2024. Erişim Adresi: https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-hayvancilik-canli-hayvan-sayilari/.
  • Elma E (1992). S. Ü. Veteriner fakültesi cerrahi kliniğine 1985-1990 yılları arasında getirilen hastalara toplu bir bakış. SÜ Vet Fak Derg, 8 (1), 58-60.
  • Gangwar AK, Devi KS, Singh AK et. al. (2014). Congenital anomalies and their surgical correction in ruminants. Adv Anim Vet Sci, 2 (7), 369 – 376.
  • Göksel BA, Sarıtaş ZK (2016). Clinical and operative approach of intestinal atresia in calves. Kocatepe Vet J, 9 (3), 200-210.
  • Greber D, Doherr M, Drögemüller C, Steiner A (2013). Occurrence of congenital disorders in Swiss sheep. Acta Vet Scand, 55 (1), 27.
  • Han MC, Durmuş AS (2005). Buzağılarda bazı konjenital anomali olguları. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3 (2), 175-177.
  • Hasan MS, Rahaman MM, Sen AB et al. (2015). Prevalence of congenital defects of cattle and goat in Bangladesh. Int J Nat Soc Sci, 2 (5), 13-17.
  • Herschler MS, Fechheimer NS, Gilmore LO (1962). Congenital abnormalities in cattle: their association with hereditary and environmental factors. J Dairy Sci, 45 (12), 1493-1499.
  • İder M, Ertürk A (2023). Koyun ve keçilerde neonatal kayıpların önlenmesi. Alkan F (Ed). Sağlıklı ve Sürdürülebilir Koyun ve Keçi Yetiştiriciliği (S. 28-35). Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara.
  • İşler C, Altuğ M, Gönenci R, Aytekin İ (2016). 2005-2009 yılları arasında Bolu bölgesinde buzağılarda tespit edilen anomali olgularının değerlendirilmesi. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 5 (2), 100-104.
  • Karabulut, E, Ünsaldı S, Durgun, T (2001). 1991-2000 Yılları arasında Fırat Üniversitesi veteriner fakültesi cerrahi kliniğine getirilen buzağılardaki doğmasal anomali olguları. FÜ Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 15 (2), 367-374.
  • Kaya M, Okumuş Z, Doğan E, Çetin EM, Yanmaz LE (2011). Erzurum yöresindeki buzağılarda doğmasal anomalilerin görülme sıklığı ve sağaltım oranları. FÜ Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 25 (2), 83-93.
  • Leipold HW (1978). Genetics and disease in cattle. In: Proceedings of The Eleventh Annual Convention American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Leipold HW (1982). Congenital defects of current concern and interest in cattle: A review. AABP, 17, 101–114.
  • Leipold HW, Steffen DJ, Woollen N, Hiraga T, Dennis SM (1991). Congenital Defects of Current Concern in Beef Cattle. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Conference. American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Orlando, Florida.
  • Mee JF, Murphy D, Curran M (2024). Bovine congenital defects recorded by veterinary practitioners. Reprod Domest Anim, 59 (1), e14501.
  • Meylan M (2008). Surgery of the bovine large intestine. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 24 (3), 479-496.
  • Newman SJ, Bailey TL, Jones JC, DiGrassie WA, Whittier WD (1999). Multiple congenital anomalies in a calf. JVDI, 11 (4), 368-371.
  • Nigam JM, Misk NA, Rifat JF (1984). Surgical management or congenital anomalies of ruminants. Agri-practice, 5 (7), 38-47.
  • Oğurtan Z, Alkan F, Koç Y (1997). Ruminantlarda kongenital anomaliler. Türk Vet Hekim Derg, 9 (4), 24-28.
  • Özaydın İ, Kılıç E, Okumuş Z, Cihan M (1995). 1992-1995 yılları arasında Kafkas Üniversitesi veteriner fakültesi kliniklerine getirilen buzağılarda doğmasal anomali olguları. Vet Cerrahi Derg, 1 (2), 22-25.
  • Perez V, Fernández M, Benavıdes J et al. (2017). Anomalías congénitas en pequeños rumiantes: revisión de casos de diagnóstico. XVIII Congreso Internacional y XLII Congreso Nacional SEOC, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Polat E (2022). Descriptive study of congenital anomalies encountered in ruminants in Elazig region of Turkey. FAVE Sección Ciencias Veterinarias, 21 (1), 1-13.
  • Radjendran A, Roshini ST, Gurunathan N et al. (2023). Incidence of Congenital Abnormalities in Newborn Crossbred Calves. Ind J Vet Sci and Biotech, 19 (6), 69-74.
  • Sağlam K, Göl M, Önyay T et al. (2023). Congenital anomaly cases in calves. Med Weter, 79 (2), 77-82.
  • Samad MA (2021). Systematic review of congenital anomalies in calves and kids reported during the period from 1975 to 2021 in Bangladesh. JVMOHR, 3 (2), 129-153.
  • Sinowatz F (2010). Teratology. Hyttel P, Sinowatz F, Vejlsted M, Betteridge K (Eds). Essentials of Domestic Animal Embryology (pp. 339-382). Saunders Elsevier, America.
  • Sokal R, Tata LJ, Fleming KM (2014). Sex prevalence of major congenital anomalies in the United Kingdom: a national population-based study and international comparison meta-analysis. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol, 100 (2), 79-91.
  • Sonfada ML, Sivachelvan MN, Haruna Y, Wiam I, Yahaya A (2010). Incidence of congenital malformations in ruminants in Northeastern Region of Nigeria. Int J Anim Veter Adv, 2 (1), 1-4.
  • Su J, Gao S, Yan R et al. (2023). Is the tradeoff between folic acid or/and multivitamin supplementation against birth defects in early pregnancy reconsidered? evidence based on a Chinese birth cohort study. Nutrients, 15 (2), 279.
  • Uzar T, Szczerbal I, Serwanska-Leja K et al. (2020). Congenital Malformations in a Holstein-Fresian Calf with a Unique Mosaic Karyotype: A Case Report. Animals (Basel), 10 (9), 1615.
  • Yurdakul İ (2019). Buzağılarda kongenital intestinal atresia olgularının klinik ve sağaltım yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Van Vet J, 30 (1), 31-36.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Abdullah Karasu 0000-0001-9443-3867

Caner Kayıkcı 0000-0001-7343-1045

Yağmur Kuşcu 0000-0002-7802-5481

Early Pub Date July 25, 2024
Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date May 15, 2024
Acceptance Date July 10, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 35 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karasu, A., Kayıkcı, C., & Kuşcu, Y. (2024). Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants. Van Veterinary Journal, 35(2), 125-131. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1482852
AMA Karasu A, Kayıkcı C, Kuşcu Y. Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants. Van Vet J. July 2024;35(2):125-131. doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1482852
Chicago Karasu, Abdullah, Caner Kayıkcı, and Yağmur Kuşcu. “Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants”. Van Veterinary Journal 35, no. 2 (July 2024): 125-31. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1482852.
EndNote Karasu A, Kayıkcı C, Kuşcu Y (July 1, 2024) Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants. Van Veterinary Journal 35 2 125–131.
IEEE A. Karasu, C. Kayıkcı, and Y. Kuşcu, “Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants”, Van Vet J, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 125–131, 2024, doi: 10.36483/vanvetj.1482852.
ISNAD Karasu, Abdullah et al. “Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants”. Van Veterinary Journal 35/2 (July 2024), 125-131. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1482852.
JAMA Karasu A, Kayıkcı C, Kuşcu Y. Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants. Van Vet J. 2024;35:125–131.
MLA Karasu, Abdullah et al. “Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants”. Van Veterinary Journal, vol. 35, no. 2, 2024, pp. 125-31, doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1482852.
Vancouver Karasu A, Kayıkcı C, Kuşcu Y. Retrospective Review of Congenital Anomaly Cases in Ruminants. Van Vet J. 2024;35(2):125-31.

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