AR-GE PROJELERİNDEKİ KRİTİK BAŞARI FAKTÖRLERİNİN ALGILANAN PROJE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: HAVACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2022, Issue: 2, 147 - 164, 29.04.2022

Barış Soyal Mehmet Soysal Mine Ömürgönülşen

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.900329

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk savunma ve havacılık sanayisindeki projelerde çalışan tasarım mühendislerinin algıladıkları kritik başarı faktörleri ile algılanan proje performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.

Yöntem: Çalışmanın veri toplama aşamasında, 211 tasarım mühendisi ile yüz yüze görüşülerek anket uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Korelasyon analizinde algılanan kritik başarı faktörleri ve algılanan proje performansı arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizinde sorun giderme, proje misyonu, müşteri kabulü ve teknik görevler faktörleri ile algılanan proje performansı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur.

Özgünlük: Çalışmanın literatürdeki farkı Türk savunma ve havacılık sanayisinde Ar-Ge projelerindeki algılanan kritik başarı faktörleri ve algılanan proje performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen, bilinebildiği kadarı ile ilk çalışma olmasıdır.

Keywords

Yeni Ürün Geliştirme, Savunma Sanayi, Havacılık Sektörü, Kritik Başarı Faktörleri, Proje Performansı

THE EFFECTS OF THE CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ON THE PERCEIVED PROJECT PERFORMANCE: A RESEARCH IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perception of the critical success factor and the perception of the project performance of the design engineers working in the Turkish defense and aviation industry projects.

Methodology: During the data collection phase of the study, 211 design engineers were interviewed face to face and a questionnaire was applied.

Findings: Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between perceived critical success factors and perceived project performance. In the regression analysis, a significant relationship has been found between factors of troubleshooting, project mission, client acceptance, technical task and perceived project performance.

Originality: This study is the first attempt in literature to examine the relationship between perceived critical success factors and perceived project performance in research and development projects in Turkish defense and aviation industry, as far as it is known.

Keywords

New Product Development, Defence Industry, Aviation Industry, Critical Success Factors, Project Performance

References

• Almeida, O., Figueiredo, P.S., Beal, V.E. ve Passos, F.U. (2020). “Critical Success Factors of Product Development Projects in the Automotive Industry”, Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 15(2), 56-70.
• Annacchino, M.A. (2003). “New Product Development: From Initial Idea to Product Management”, Elsevier, Butterworth Heinemann, ABD.
• Atuahene-Gima, K. (1995). “An Exploratory Analysis of the Input of Market Orientation on New Product Performance, A Contingency Approach”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12, 275-293.
• Balbontin, A., Yazdani, B., Cooper, R. ve Souder, W.E. (1999). “New Product Development Success Factors in American and British Firms”, International Journal of Technology Management, 17, 259-279.
• Bandalos, D.L. ve Finney, S.J. (2010). “Factor Analysis: Exploratory and Confirmatory, The Reviewer's Guide to Quantitative Methods in the Social Sciences”, Routledge, New York.
• Barczak, G. (1995). “New Product Strategy, Structure, Process and Performance in the Telecommunications Industry”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12, 224-234.
• Brentani De, U. ve Dröge, C. (1988). “Determinants of the New Product Screening Decision a Structural Model Analysis”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 5, 91-106.
• Brunner, G. (2001). “The Tao of Innovation”, Research Technology Management, 44(1), 45-51.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). “Faktör Analizi: Temel Kavramlar ve Ölçek Geliştirmede Kullanımı”, Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yöntemleri, 32, 470-483.
• Calantone, R.J. ve Di Benedetto, C.A. (1988). “An Integrative Model of the New Product Development Process”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 5, 201-215.
• Calantone, R.J., Schmidt, J.B. ve Di Benedetto, C.A. (1997). “New Product Activities and Performance: The Moderating Role of Environmental Hostility”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14, 179-189.
• Chiocchio, F. (2007). “Project Team Performance: A Study of Electronic Task and Coordination Communication”, Project Management Journal, 38(1), 97-110.
• Cleyn, S., Jacoby, A. ve Braet, J. (2009). “Success Factors in New Product Development: How Do They Apply to Company Characteristics of Academic Spin-Offs?”, The Journal of Private Equity, 13(1), 51-61.
• Cooper, R. G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1995). “New Product Performance: Keys to Success, Profitability & Cycle Time Reduction”, Journal of Marketing Management, 24, 315-337.
• Cooper, R.G. (1979). “The Dimensions of Industrial New Product Success and Failure”, Journal of Marketing, 43, 93-103.
• Cooper, R.G. (1980). “How to Identify Potential New Product Winners”, Research Management, 23, 10-19.
• Cooper, R.G. (1983). “The Impact of New Product Strategies”, Industrial Marketing Management, 12, 243-256.
• Cooper, R.G. (1984). “How New Product Strategies Impact on Performance”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 1, 5-18.
• Cooper, R.G. (1986). “New Product Performance and Product Innovation Strategies”, Research Management, 17-25.
• Cooper, R.G. (1988). “Predevelopment Activities Determine New Product Success”, Industrial Marketing Management, 17, 237-247.
• Cooper, R.G. (1990). “New Products: What Distinguishes the Winners”, Research Technology Management, Kasım/Aralık, 27-31.
• Cooper, R.G. (1994). “Debunking the Myths of New Product Development”, Research Technology Management, Temmuz/Ağustos, 40-50.
• Cooper, R.G. (2011). “Winning at New Products: Creating Value Through Innovation”, Basic Books, New York.
• Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1986). “An Investigation into the New Product Process: Steps, Deficiencies and Impact”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 3, 71-85.
• Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1987). “Success Factors in Product Innovation”, Industrial Marketing Management, 16, 215-223.
• Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1993). “Major New Products: What Distinguishes the Winners in the Chemical Industry?”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 10, 90-111.
• Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1994). “Determinants of Timeliness in Product Development”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 381-396.
• Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E.J. (1996). “Winning Businesses in Product Development, The Critical Success Factors”, Research Technology Management, 39, 18-29.
• Delisle, C.L. ve Thomas, J.L. (2002). “Success: Getting Traction in a Turbulent Business Climate, Frontiers of Project Management Research and Applications”, Project Management Institute, Seattle. Washington. Newtown Square, PA.
• Dwyer, L. ve Mellor, R. (1991a). “Organizational Environment, New Product Process Activities, and Project Outcomes”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 8, 39-48.
• Dwyer, L. ve Mellor, R. (1991b). “New Product Process Activities and Project Outcomes”, R&D Management, 21, 31-42.
• Edgett, S. (2011). “New Product Development: Process Benchmarks and Performance Metrics”, The Product Development Institute, Houston, TX.
• Field, A. (2009). “Discovering Statistics Using SPSS”, Sage, London.
• Finch, P. (2003). “Applying the Slevin Pinto Project Implementation Profile to an Information Systems Project”, Project Management Journal, 34(3), 32-39.
• Fiol, C.M. ve Lyles, M.A. (1985). “Organizational Learning”, Academy Management Review, 10(4), 803-813.
• Gliner, J.A., Morgan, G.A. ve Leech, N.L. (2017). “Research Methods in Applied Settings, an Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis”, Taylor & Francis, New York.
• Griffin, A. (1997). “PDMA Research on New Product Development Practices: Updating Trends and Benchmarking Best Practices”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14, 429-458.
• Gujarati, D.N. (2006). “Temel Ekonometri”, Literatür Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
• Gupta, A., Brockhoff, K. ve Weisenfeld, U. (1992). “Making Trade-offs in the New Product Development Process: A German/US Comparison”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 9(1), 11-18.
• Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2018). “Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri Felsefe Yöntem Analiz”, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
• Gwynne, P. (1997). “Skunk Works, 1990s-Style”, Research-Technology Management, 40(4), 18-23.
• Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. ve Anderson, R.E. (2014). “Multivariate Data Analysis”, Pearson New International Edition, Pearson Education Limited, Essex.
• Heidenkamp, H., Louth, J. ve Taylor, T. (2013). “The Defence Industrial Triptych”, Routledge, London. Hyvari, I. (2006). “Success of Projects in Different Organizational Conditions”, Project Management Journal, 37(4), 31-41.
• Kachouie, R. ve Sedighadeli, S. (2015). “New Product Development Success Factors in Prospector Organisations; Mixed Method Approach”, International Journal of Innovation Management, 19(4), 1-23.
• Kettunen P. (2006). “Troubleshooting Large-Scale New Product Development Embedded Software Projects, Product-Focused Software Process Improvement”, PROFES 2006, Springer, Berlin.
• Kline, R.B. (2011). “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”, Guilford Press, New York.
• Kuratko, D.F. ve Goldsby, M.G. (2004). “Corporate Entrepreneurs or Rogue Middle Managers? A Framework for Ethical Corporate Entrepreneurship”, Journal of Business Ethics, 55(1), 13-30.
• Little, A. (2005). “Innovation Excellence 2005: How Companies Use Innovation to Improve Profitability and Growth”, http://www.adlittle.com/downloads/tx_adlreports/ADL_Global_Innovation_Excellence_Survey_2005.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2019).
• Maidique, M.O. ve Zirger, B.J. (1984). “A Study of Success and Failure in Product Innovation: The Case of the U.S. Electronics Industry”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-31, 192-203.
• Mcgorry, S.Y. (2000). “Methodological Issues in Cross-Cultural Marketing Research: A State of-the-Art Review”, International Marketing Review, 3(2), 82.
• McManus, H.L. (2005). “Product Development Value Stream Mapping Manual”, Version 1.0, LA ABD.
• Mishra, S., Kim, D. ve Lee, D.H. (1996). “Factors Affecting New Product Success: Cross Country Comparisons”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 13, 530-550.
• Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Scannell, T.V., Ragatz, G.L. ve Frayer, D.J. (2000). “New Product Development: Strategies for Supplier Integration”, ASQ Quality Press, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
• Mu, J., Pang, G. ve Tan, Y. (2007). “New Product Development in Chinese SMEs”, International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2(2), 123-143.
• Müller, R. ve Jugdev, K. (2012). “Critical Success Factors in Projects: Pinto, Slevin, and Prescott-The Elucidation of Project Success”, International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 5(4), 757-775.
• Nam, T.H., Tuan, N.P. ve Van Minh, N. (2017). “Critical Successful Factors for Innovation in Vietnamese Firms”, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 10(3), 522-544.
• Nisen, M. (2013). “17 of the Most Mysterious Corporate Labs”, https://www.businessinsider.com/coolest-skunk-works-2013-2, (Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2018).
• O’hern, M. ve Rindfleisch, A. (2009). “Customer Co-Creation: A Typology and Research Agenda”, Review of Marketing Research, 6, 84-106.
• Parry, M.E. ve Song, X.M. (1994). “Identifying New Product Successes in China”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 15-30.
• Pinto, J.K. ve Slevin, D.P. (1986). “The Project Implementation Profile: New Tool for Project Managers”, Project Management Journal, 17(4), 57-70
• Pinto, J.K. ve Slevin, D.P. (1989). “Critical Success Factors in R&D Projects”, Research Technology Management, 32(1), 31-35.
• Podsakoff, P.M., Mackenzie, S.B., Lee, J.Y. ve Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). “Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
• Prahalad, C.K. ve Ramaswamy, V. (2004). “Co-Creation Experiences: The Next Practice in Value Creation”, Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(3), 5-14.
• Project Management Institute. (2008). “A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge”, (PMBOK® guide) (4th ed.), Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute.
• Rubenstein, A.H., Chakrabarti, A.K., O’keefe, R.D., Souder, W.E. ve Young, H.C. (1976). “Factors Influencing Innovation Success at the Project Level”, Research Management, 19(3), 15-20.
• Saunders, M., Lewis, P. ve Thornhill, A. (2012). “Research Methods for Business Students”, Pearson, UK.
• Sawang S. ve Unsworth. K.L. (2011).” Why Adopt Now? Multiple Case Studies and Survey Studies Comparing Small, Medium and Large Firms”, Technovation, 31, 554-559.
• Segura, E.R., Marcos, I.O., Romero, J. ve Segura, J.T. (2016). “Critical Success Factors in Large Projects in the Aerospace and Defense Sectors”, Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5419-5425.
• Shenhar, A., Tishler, A., Dvir, D., Lipovetsky, S. ve Lechler, T. (2002). “Refining the Search for Project Success Factors: A Multivariate, Typological Approach”, R&D Management, 32(2), 111-26.
• Sipri Top 100 2002-2017. (2018). https://www.sipri.org/databases/armsindustry, (Erişim tarihi 06.04.2019).
• Sipri Yearbook Summary. (2018). https://www.sipri.org, (Erişim tarihi 06.04.2019).
• Song, X.M. ve Parry, M.E. (1997). “A Cross-National Comparative Study of New Product Development Processes: Japan and the United States”, Journal of Marketing, 61, 1-18.
• Souder, W.E., Buisson, D. ve Garrett, T. (1997). “Success Through Customer-Driven New Product Development: A Comparison of U.S. and New Zealand Small Entrepreneurial High Technology Firms”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14, 459-472.
• Tabachnick, B.G. ve Fidell, L.S. (2015). “Çok Değişkenli İstatistiklerin Kullanımı”, Pearson. UK.
• Thomke, S. ve Takahiro, F. (2000). “The Effect of ‘Front-Loading’ Problem Solving on Product Development Performance”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 17(2), 128-142.
• Turkishtime. (2020). www.turkishtimedergi.com, (Erişim tarihi 25.04.2021).
• Werner, B.M. ve Souder, W.E. (1997). “Measuring R&D Performance - U.S. and German Practices”, Research Technology Management, 40(3), 28-32.
• Ziylan, A. (2003). “Savunma Sanayisinin Özelliği ve Milli Ana Yüklenicilik”, Cumhuriyet Bilim Teknik, Ankara.