The Effect of Natural Disasters on the Perception of Climate Change: The Situation in Türkiye with Social Media Data

Year 2024, , 570 - 592, 29.05.2024

Olcay Besnili Memiş

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1311327

Abstract

Climate change is an important social problem that has a high humanitarian impact. However, its existence and consequences remain controversial. It causes perceptions about climate change to be uncertain, and its effects and consequences are not yet understood. This uncertainty hinders both the success of policies and the creation of social pressure for more policy demand. However, individuals who experience climate change increase their willingness to take countermeasures and demand more social policies. Therefore, how societies perceive climate change is recognized as an important issue for the struggle and has become an issue that needs to be researched. In this context, the study aims to reveal how wildfires that occurred in Türkiye in 2021. 795 Twitter posts are analysed, and perceptions of wildfires and climate change are analysed. As a result of the study, statements confirming and denying the relationship between wildfires and climate change are identified. However, instead of pointing to climate change for combating wildfires, it is observed that there are policy demands based on the improvement in physical conditions and traditional reasons. As a result, it is possible to say that social perception has not yet been fully formed and there is a need for trainings that increase awareness.

Keywords

Climate Change, Wildfires, Natural Disasters, Adaptation and Mitigation Policies

Doğal Afetlerin İklim Değişikliği Algısına Etkisi: Sosyal Medya Verileri ile Türkiye’de Durum

Abstract

İklim değişikliği, insani etkileri fazla olan önemli bir sosyal sorundur. Buna rağmen, varlığı ve sonuçları hala tartışmalı kabul edilmektedir. Bu durum, iklim değişikliği ile ilgili algıların da belirsiz olmasına, etkilerinin ve sonuçlarının anlaşılmamasına neden olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, iklim değişikliği ile afetler arasındaki bağlantı konusunda bir belirsizlik söz konusudur. Bu belirsizlik hem uygulanacak politikaların başarısını hem de daha fazla politika talebi için toplumsal baskı oluşmasını engellemektedir. Ancak, iklim değişikliğini deneyimleyen bireylerin, karşı tedbir alma isteğinin arttığı ve daha fazla sosyal politika talep ettikleri görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, toplumların iklim değişikliğini nasıl algıladığı, mücadele için önemli bir konu olarak kabul edilmekte ve araştırılması gereken bir konu haline gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmada, 2021 yılında Türkiye'de meydana gelen orman yangınlarının toplumsal olarak nasıl algılandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlanmaktadır. Twitter üzerindeki 795 paylaşım incelenmiş ve orman yangınları ile iklim değişikliği arasındaki algılar analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, orman yangınlarının iklim değişikliği ile ilişkisini doğrulayan ve reddeden ifadeler tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, mücadele için iklim değişikliğini işaret etmek yerine, daha çok fiziksel koşulların iyileştirilmesi ve geleneksel nedenler üzerinden politika taleplerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, toplumsal algının henüz tam olarak oluşmadığını ve farkındalığı artıran eğitimlere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu söylemek mümkündür.

Keywords

İklim Değişikliği, Orman Yangınları, Doğal Afetler, Uyum ve Azaltım Politikaları

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