INVESTIGATIONS ON WOOD DESTROYING MARINE BORERS IN THE TURKISH COASTAL WATERS

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 33 - 39, 30.06.2019

Hüseyin Sivrikaya

Abstract

Wood
is used in the marine environment for several purposes such as groynes,
wharves, jetties, dolphins, and navigational posts.  It is also important material in the boat
construction in many countries due to the wide availability, ease of
fabrication, repair and maintenance, strength and elasticity properties. In the
marine environment, wood is susceptible to attack and deterioration by marine
wood-borers. Temperature and salinity of the seawater influence the
distribution of wood-boring organisms. Most studies on wood durability in the
marine environment involved in using of tropical timbers as well as wood
preservatives or modified wood in different test sites in the world. Although
Turkey is surrounded on three sides by the sea, less attention has been given
to the marine borers and protection of wood in the marine conditions. The
existence of Teredo navalis
(shipworm) in the deep waters of Marmara was reported by early investigations. T. navalis was also found to be dominant
species in the Western part of the Black Sea, heavily destroyed the Scots pine
samples in one year. Investigations revealed that CCA and creosote shoved
resistance to marine borers while the performance of copper azole was promising
in the Black Sea. From the tropical wood species, wenge, douka, azobe and paduk
showed great resistance to marine borers in the Turkish coastlines. Test sites
in Trabzon, Ereğli and İskenderun exhibited the highest boring activity in
comparison to the other test locations. Bankia
carinata, Nototeredo norvagica, Teredo navalis, Lyrodus pedicellatus and Limnoria
tripunctata were found in the wood samples in the Southern coasts of the
Turkey. Teredothyra dominicensis was
identified as an invasive species in the coast of Kaş in Antalya. DNA barcoding
study proved that there was no difference in the barcodes of N. norvagica collected from the Atlantic
and the Mediterranean Sea.

Keywords

Marine wood-borers, Teredinids, Limnoriids, Turkish coastal waters

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