Özbekistan’ın Yaş Üzüm Dış Ticaretinde Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlüğü

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 30 - 43, 24.04.2024

Güçgeldi Bashimov

https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.1218129

Öz

Ekonomik küreselleşme ile birlikte dünya tarım ürünleri pazarında rekabet her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu nedenle ülkelerin dünya tarım ürünleri ticaretinde rekabet edebilirlik düzeyini konu alan çalışmaların sayısında da bir hayli artış görülmektedir. Günümüzde üzüm, dünya ticaretinde önemli yer tutan tarımsal ürünlerden biridir. Özbekistan 1,6 milyon ton ile dünya yaş üzüm üretiminde hatırı sayılır ülkelerden biridir. Bu çalışmada Özbekistan’ın yaş üzüm ihracatında karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğü seçilmiş ülkeler ile mukayese edilerek analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma 2001-2020 yıllarını kapsamakta olup, veriler Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi’nin veri tabanından derlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada yöntem olarak Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler (AKÜ) endeksi kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu endeks araştırmacılar tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Özbekistan yaş üzüm ihracatında yüksek karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğe sahiptir. Yıllara göre AKÜ endeks değerleri incelendiğinde Özbekistan’ın rekabet avantajının istikrarlı bir eğilim sergilemediği anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca, ülke ihracatında pazar çeşitlendirmesinin zayıf olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Dünya yaş üzüm pazarında karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğün artırılması için üretimde verimlilik ve kalitenin iyileştirilmesi için politikaların geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Ticaret, Dış Ticaret, Rekabet, Özbekistan, Üzüm

Uzbekistan’s Comparative Advantage in Fresh Grapes Foreign Trade

Öz

With economic globalization, competition in the world agricultural products market is increasing day by day. For this reason, the number of studies devoted to the study of the level of competitiveness of countries in the world agricultural trade has increased significantly. Today, grapes are one of the agricultural products that have an important place in world trade. Uzbekistan is one of the important countries in the world's fresh grape production, with a production of 1.6 million tons per year. In this study, Uzbekistan’s comparative advantage in fresh grape exports was analyzed comparatively with selected countries. The study covers the years from 2001 to 2020 and the data was obtained from the database of the International Trade Centre. In this study, the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index was used. This index is widely used by researchers. According to the results, Uzbekistan has a high comparative advantage in fresh grape exports. When RCA index values are examined by year, it is understood that Uzbekistan’s competitive advantage does not exhibit a stable trend. In addition, it has been observed that market diversification of the country's exports is weak. In order to increase comparative advantages in the world fresh grape market, it is necessary to develop policies to increase the productivity and quality in fresh grapes production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Trade, Foreign Trade, Competition, Uzbekistan, Grapes

Kaynakça

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