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Portal Project as a Study of Digital Sculpture in the Public Space in the 21st Century

Year 2024, Issue: Sanatta Dijitalizm Özel Sayısı, 229 - 239, 28.11.2024
https://doi.org/10.17484/yedi.1504157

Abstract

This article examines the effects of digital technologies on art in the 21st century and the transformation of art in the public sphere. After the Internet revolution, significant progress has been made in areas such as artificial intelligence, big data, the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and biotechnology. These technologies have also created significant transformations in art disciplines, offering artists new forms of expression such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and interactive installations. Today, one of the main goals of public art practices, which also use these new forms of expression, is to convey social, cultural, and political messages by reaching large segments of society. Digital art, on the other hand, transforms these practices, offering viewers more interactive, participatory, and innovative experiences. The article discusses how digitalization transforms the social context of art through the discussions of Jürgen Habermas, Hannah Arendt, Henri Lefebvre, and Michel Foucault on the concept of public space. What these theorists have in common is that they emphasize that the public sphere is a central concept for understanding and transforming society's political, social, and cultural structure. While Habermas sees the public sphere as the ground for democratic debates, Arendt considers this space an arena based on the visible actions of individuals. While Lefebvre argues that the public sphere is constantly reproduced by social relations and power dynamics, Foucault, on the other hand, draws attention to how the relations of power and surveillance shape this field. With the approaches of these theorists, it has been tried to associate the redefinition of the public sphere through digitalization and the transformative role of art in this process.
In addition, Benediktas Gylys' Portal Project, a public artwork discussed in the axis of all these discussions, aims to strengthen cultural and social ties by combining digital sculpture and relational aesthetics. While the project aims to increase the interaction of different cultures through live video connections between cities, it also raises important ethical questions about surveillance and privacy. In addition, it has been examined that the new forms of expression and interaction methods offered by digital technologies make public spaces more dynamic and democratic and strengthen the role of art in social interactions.

References

  • Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. University of Chicago Press.
  • Bolognini, M. (1992). Programmed Machines. https://www.bolognini.org/foto/index.htm
  • Bourriaud, N. (2018). İlişkisel estetik (S. Özen, Trans.) Bağlam Yayınevi.
  • Castells, M. (1996). The rise of the network society. Blackwell Publishers.
  • Deutsche, R. (1996). Evictions: Art and spatial politics. MIT Press.
  • Ellison, H. (1967). The city is on the edge of forever. In Star Trek: The Original Series. Memory Alpha.
  • Emmerich, R. (1994.). Stargate [Film]. MGM/UA Distribution Co.
  • Flatiron NoMad. (2024). The portal: Where New York meets Dublin, Ireland. Flatiron NoMad. https://flatironnomad.nyc/blog/2024/03/26/the-portal-where-new-york-meets-dublin-ireland/
  • Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punishment: The birth of the prison. Pantheon Books.
  • Foucault, M. (1986). Of other spaces: Utopias and heterotopias. Diacritics, 16(1), 22-27.
  • Gylys, B. (2016). Portals: Bridge to a united planet. https://portals.org
  • Habermas, J. (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. (T. Burger & F. Lawrence, Trans.). MIT Press. (Original work published 1962).
  • Kwon, M. (2002). One place after another: Site-specific art and locational identity. MIT Press.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space. (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Blackwell.
  • Live Science. (n.d.). What are wormholes? https://www.livescience.com/what-are-wormholes
  • Lozano-Hemmer, R. (2023). Listening forest. Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art. https://www.crystalbridges.org/listeningforest
  • McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. McGraw-Hill.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Portal. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/portal
  • Mouffe, C. (2013). Agonistics: Thinking the world politically. Verso.
  • Paul, C. (2003). Digital art. Thames & Hudson.
  • Portals. (2024). History. https://www.portals.org/history
  • Science Museum. (n.d.). The science of wormholes. In Science Museum Blog. https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/the-science-of-wormholes
  • Shirky, C. (2008). Here comes everybody: The power of organizing without organizations. Penguin Press.
  • TechBuzz Ireland. (2024). Portal Art Installation will connect Dublin to New York in real time. https://techbuzzireland.com
  • Virilio, P. (2003). Enformasyon bombası (K. Şahin, Trans.). Metis Yayınları.

21. Yüzyılda Kamusal Alanda Bir Dijital Heykel İncelemesi Olarak Portal Projesi

Year 2024, Issue: Sanatta Dijitalizm Özel Sayısı, 229 - 239, 28.11.2024
https://doi.org/10.17484/yedi.1504157

Abstract

Bu makale, 21. yüzyılda dijital teknolojilerin sanat üzerindeki etkilerini ve kamusal alanda sanatın dönüşümünü incelemektedir. İnternet devriminin ardından yapay zekâ, büyük veri, nesnelerin interneti (IoT), blokzincir ve biyoteknoloji gibi alanlarda büyük ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu teknolojiler, sanat disiplinlerinde de önemli dönüşümler yaratmış, sanatçılara sanal gerçeklik, artırılmış gerçeklik ve interaktif enstalasyonlar gibi yeni ifade biçimleri sunmuştur. Günümüzde bu yeni ifade biçimlerini de kullanan kamusal sanat pratiklerinin ana hedefinden biri, toplumun geniş kesimlerine ulaşarak sosyal, kültürel ve politik mesajlar iletmektir. Dijital sanat ise bu pratikleri dönüştürerek izleyicilere daha etkileşimli, katılımcı ve yenilikçi deneyimler sunmaktadır. Makalede, Jürgen Habermas, Hannah Arendt, Henri Lefebvre ve Michel Foucault'nun kamusal alan kavramına dair tartışmaları üzerinden, dijitalleşmenin sanatın toplumsal bağlamını nasıl dönüştürdüğü ele alınmaktadır. Bu teorisyenlerin ortak noktası, kamusal alanın, toplumun siyasal, sosyal ve kültürel yapısını anlamak ve dönüştürmek için merkezi bir kavram olduğunu vurgulamalarıdır. Habermas, kamusal alanı demokratik tartışmaların zemini olarak görürken; Arendt, bu alanı bireylerin görünür eylemlerine dayalı bir arena olarak değerlendirmektedir. Lefebvre, kamusal alanın toplumsal ilişkiler ve güç dinamikleriyle sürekli yeniden üretildiğini savunurken; Foucault ise, bu alanın iktidar ve gözetim ilişkileriyle nasıl şekillendiğine dikkat çekmektedir. Bu teorisyenlerin yaklaşımlarıyla, dijitalleşme ile kamusal alanın yeniden tanımlandığı ve sanatın bu süreçteki dönüştürücü rolü ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Yanı sıra tüm bu tartışmalar ekseninde ele alınan, kamusal bir sanat çalışması olan Benediktas Gylys'in Portal Projesi ile, dijital heykel ve ilişkisel estetik kavramları bir araya getirilerek kültürel ve sosyal bağları güçlendirmeyi amaçlayan çalışma analiz edilmiştir. Proje, şehirler arası canlı video bağlantıları ile farklı kültürlerin etkileşimini artırmayı hedeflerken, gözetim ve mahremiyet konularında da önemli etik sorular ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca dijital teknolojilerin sunduğu yeni ifade biçimleri ve etkileşim yöntemlerinin kamusal alanları daha dinamik ve demokratik hale getirmesi ve sanatın toplumsal etkileşimlerdeki rolünü güçlendirmesi incelenmiştir.

References

  • Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. University of Chicago Press.
  • Bolognini, M. (1992). Programmed Machines. https://www.bolognini.org/foto/index.htm
  • Bourriaud, N. (2018). İlişkisel estetik (S. Özen, Trans.) Bağlam Yayınevi.
  • Castells, M. (1996). The rise of the network society. Blackwell Publishers.
  • Deutsche, R. (1996). Evictions: Art and spatial politics. MIT Press.
  • Ellison, H. (1967). The city is on the edge of forever. In Star Trek: The Original Series. Memory Alpha.
  • Emmerich, R. (1994.). Stargate [Film]. MGM/UA Distribution Co.
  • Flatiron NoMad. (2024). The portal: Where New York meets Dublin, Ireland. Flatiron NoMad. https://flatironnomad.nyc/blog/2024/03/26/the-portal-where-new-york-meets-dublin-ireland/
  • Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punishment: The birth of the prison. Pantheon Books.
  • Foucault, M. (1986). Of other spaces: Utopias and heterotopias. Diacritics, 16(1), 22-27.
  • Gylys, B. (2016). Portals: Bridge to a united planet. https://portals.org
  • Habermas, J. (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. (T. Burger & F. Lawrence, Trans.). MIT Press. (Original work published 1962).
  • Kwon, M. (2002). One place after another: Site-specific art and locational identity. MIT Press.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space. (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Blackwell.
  • Live Science. (n.d.). What are wormholes? https://www.livescience.com/what-are-wormholes
  • Lozano-Hemmer, R. (2023). Listening forest. Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art. https://www.crystalbridges.org/listeningforest
  • McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. McGraw-Hill.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Portal. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/portal
  • Mouffe, C. (2013). Agonistics: Thinking the world politically. Verso.
  • Paul, C. (2003). Digital art. Thames & Hudson.
  • Portals. (2024). History. https://www.portals.org/history
  • Science Museum. (n.d.). The science of wormholes. In Science Museum Blog. https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/the-science-of-wormholes
  • Shirky, C. (2008). Here comes everybody: The power of organizing without organizations. Penguin Press.
  • TechBuzz Ireland. (2024). Portal Art Installation will connect Dublin to New York in real time. https://techbuzzireland.com
  • Virilio, P. (2003). Enformasyon bombası (K. Şahin, Trans.). Metis Yayınları.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Interdisciplinary Art, Installation
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleler
Authors

Levent Ayata 0000-0002-4738-1926

Özlem Demircan 0000-0002-3041-7160

Early Pub Date November 18, 2024
Publication Date November 28, 2024
Submission Date June 24, 2024
Acceptance Date October 31, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: Sanatta Dijitalizm Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Ayata, L., & Demircan, Ö. (2024). Portal Project as a Study of Digital Sculpture in the Public Space in the 21st Century. Yedi(Sanatta Dijitalizm Özel Sayısı), 229-239. https://doi.org/10.17484/yedi.1504157

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