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Ruhsal Bozukluğu Olan Bireylerde İyileşme ve İyileşme Modelleri

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 135 - 143, 30.07.2022

Abstract

Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerde yeti yitimlerinin önlenmesi için son
zamanlarda sıkça gündeme gelen kavram iyileşme (recovery) kavramıdır. Ruhsal bozukluğun yol açtığı birtakım sınırlılıklara rağmen
“kişilerin tutumlarını, değerlerini, duygularını, hedeflerini, becerilerini ve/veya rollerini değiştirmeye yönelik kişisel, benzersiz bir süreç”
olarak tanımlanan bu kavram günümüzde, ‘klinik iyileşme’ ve ‘kişisel
iyileşme’ özelliklerine yönelik ayrı ayrı vurgular yapıldığı dikkat çekmektedir. Klinik iyileşmenin, tıbbi modelin bir ürünü olarak ortaya
çıkan ve sıkça ruh sağlığı alanında çalışanların kullandığı bir kavram
olduğu; kişisel iyileşmenin ise bireyin gelişim ve değişimini ifade eden
daha öznel bir kavram olduğu görülmektedir. İyileşmenin sağlanması
ve sürekliliğinin gerçekleştirilmesi için hastalığın medikal alandan bütünsel alana doğru holistik bir yaklaşımını hedefleyen ‘iyileşme yönelimli uygulamalara’ önem verilmektedir. Ruhsal bozuklular bireylerin
zihinsel, bedensel ve mesleki işlevselliğini azaltsa da günümüzde iyileşme modellerini kullanarak, ruhsal bozukluğa sahip bireylerin kendi
kendilerine iyileşme potansiyelerini ortaya çıkarmak ve iyileşmesini
sağlamak mümkündür. Hastaların iyileşme süreçlerinde aktif rol oynayan ve bakımın planlanmasından sorumlu kişi olarak Ruh Sağlığı
ve Psikiyatri hemşireleri, mevcut iyileşme modelleri aracılığıyla; hastaların güçlü yönlerini fark etmelerine ve bu yönlerini geliştirmelerine,
iyileşme sürecinde karşısına çıkabilecek olan sorunları tanımalarına ve
bu sorunlarla nasıl baş edebileceğine yönelik bağımsız kararlar verebilmesine, hastaneye yatış tekrarlarının azaltılmasına, hastanede yatış
süresinin kısaltılmasına, kişinin toplumla yeniden bağlantı kurmasını
sağlayarak eski konum ve statüsüne sahip olmasına yardımcı olmalıdır.

References

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  • 33. Chiba R. Miyamoto Y, Kawakami N, Harada N. Effectiveness of a program to facilitate recovery for people with long‐term mental illness in J apan. Nursing & health sciences.2014;16(3):277-283
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  • 44. Wang YH, Lee MC. Nursing experience using watson’s caring theory to mitigate suicidal behaviors in a homosexual male. Journal of Nursing.2019;66(2):107–114.
  • 45. Durgun Ozan Y, Okumuş H, Lash AA. Implementation of watson’s theory of human caring: a case study. International Journal of Caring Sciences.2015;8(1);25.
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Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 135 - 143, 30.07.2022

Abstract

References

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association. What is mental illness. [cited 2021 Jen 8] Available from: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/what-is-mental-illness
  • 2. World Health Organization. Mental disorders. [cited 2021 Jen 8] Available from: https://www.who.int/newsroom/factsheets/detail/mentaldisorders#:~:text=Mental%20disorders%20include%3A%20depression%2C%20bipolar,mental%20disorders%20such%20as%20depression.
  • 3. Liberman RP. Yetiyitiminden iyileşmeye. Psikiyatrik İyileştirim El Kitabı. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Washington DC. (Çev. Ed Yıldız M). Türkiye Sosyal Psikiyatri Derneği, Ankara, 2011. 278-310.
  • 4. Çam MO, Durmuş HA. Ruhsal hastalığı olan bireyler ve psikiyatri hemşireleri açısından iyileşme. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi.2016;32(2):97-106.
  • 5. Doğan R, Mercan N, Yüksel Ç. Ruhsal hastalıklarda iyileşme: kavram analizi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar.2020;11(4):1-1.
  • 6. Slade M, Amering M, Farkas M, Hamilton B, O’Hagan M, Panther G, et al. Uses and abuses of recovery: implementing recovery‐oriented practices in mental health systems. World Psychiatry2014;13(1):12-20.
  • 7. Yıldız M. Koruyucu psikiyatri açısından psikiyatrik iyileştirim. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Psychiatry Special Topics.2011;4(4):82.
  • 8. Bodine MN. Validation of the mental health recovery measure as a clinical assessment (Doctoral thesis). Ohio, The University of Toledo. 2013
  • 9. Klockmo C. The role of personligt ombud in supporting the recovery process for people with psychiatric disabilities (Doctoral thesis). Sundsvall, Sweden, Mid Sweden University. 2013
  • 10. Erikson MS. An Integrative review of what contributes to personal recovery in psychiatric disabilities. Issues Ment Health Nurs.2013;34:185-191.
  • 11. Çam O, Yalçıner N. Mental Illness and Recovery. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing.2018; 9(1): 55–60.
  • 12. Şenocak SÜ, Arslantaş H, Yüksel R. Psikiyatrik iyileşmede yeni bir yönelim: iyileşme odaklı yaklaşım. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi. 2019;28(2):83-97.
  • 13. Recovery International. History. [cited 2021 Jen 8] Available from: https://recoveryinternational.org/about/#History
  • 14. Bonney S, Stickley T. Recovery and mental health: a review of the British literature. Journal Of Psychiatric And Mental Health Nursing.2008;15(2):140-153.
  • 15. Sowers W. Transforming systems of care: the american association of community psychiatrists guidelines for recovery oriented services. Community Mental Health Journal.2005;41(6):757-774.
  • 16. Field BI, Reed K. The rise and fall of the mental health recovery model. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation.2016;20(2):86-95.
  • 17. Davidson L, Lawless MS, Leary F. İyileşme kavramları: birbiriyle çelişiyor mu yoksa birbirini tamamlayıcı mı? Current Opinion in Psychiatry.2006;2(1):41-46.
  • 18. President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health. Achieving the promise: Transforming mental health care in America. Executive Summary. [cited 2021 Jen 4] Available from: https://govinfo.library.unt.edu/mentalhealthcommission/freedominitiative.htm
  • 19. Adams N, Compagni A, Daniels A. International pathways to mental health system transformation: strategies and challenges. International Journal of Mental Health.2009;1:30-45.
  • 20. Nişancı A. Ruh sağlığı alanında iyileşme yaklaşımı ve psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet.2019:30(1);231-259.
  • 21. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Ulusal ruh sağlığı eylem planı.2011. [cited 2021 Jen 8] Available from: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/30333,ulusal-ruh-sagligi-eylem-planipdf.pdf?0
  • 22. Sağlık Bakanlığı Kamu Hastaneleri genel Müdürlüğü. Toplum ruh sağlığı merkezleri (trsm) listesi 2020. [cited 2021 Jen 5] Available from: https://khgmsaglikhizmetleridb.saglik.gov.tr/TR,43118/toplum-ruh-sagligi-merkezleri-trsm-listesi.html
  • 23. World Health Organization. Policies and practices for Mental Health in Europe; Meeting the Challenges.2008. [cited 2021 Jen 4]
  • 24. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/96450/E91732.pdf
  • 25. Karataş S, Çalışkan BB. Toplum ruh sağlığı modelleri: dünyada ve Türkiye’deki mevcut durum. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Internal Medicine.2020;5(1):34-41
  • 26. Kidd S, Kenny A, McKinstry C. The meaning of recovery in a regional mental health service: an action research study. Journal of Advanced Nursing.2015;71(1):181-192.
  • 27. Lindgren BM, Enmark A, Bohman A, Lundström M. A qualitative study of young women’s experiences of recovery from Bulimia Nervosa. Journal of Advanced Nursing.2015;71(4): 860-869.
  • 28. Kaewprom C, Curtis J, Deane FP. Factors involved in recovery from schizophrenia: a qualitative study of Thai mental health nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences.2011;13(3):323-327.
  • 29. Resnick SG, Fontana A, Lehman AF, Rosenheck RA. An empirical conceptualization of the recovery orientation. Schizophrenia research.2005;75(1):119-128.
  • 30. Chi MT, Long A, Jeang SR, Ku YC, Lu, T, Sun FK. Healing and recovering after a suicide attempt: a grounded theory study. Journal of clinical nursing.2014;23(11-12):1751-1759.
  • 31. State Government of Victoria. Framework for recoveryoriented practice. Australia. 2011. [cited 2021 Jen 2] Available from: http: // docs2.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/ 0D4B06DF135 B90 E0 CA2578E900256566/$FILE/framework-recovery-oriented-practice.pdf.
  • 32. Delice MA, Akgül SM, Yıldız M. Toplum ruh sağlığı merkezi’nden hizmet alan bir şizofrenili olguda bütüncül yaklaşımın hastalığın gidişine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2014;4(2):122-125.
  • 33. Chiba R. Miyamoto Y, Kawakami N, Harada N. Effectiveness of a program to facilitate recovery for people with long‐term mental illness in J apan. Nursing & health sciences.2014;16(3):277-283
  • 34. Bag B. Toplum ruh sağlığı hemşireliğinde uygulamaya yönelik bir model örneği : “recovery.” Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar. 2018;10(4): 471–483.
  • 35. Corrigan PW, Giffort D, Rashid F, Leary M, Okeke I. Recovery as a Psychological Construct. Community Mental Health Journal.1999;35(3):231–239.
  • 36. Güler C. İyileşme Değerlendirme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği [master’s thesis]. [İzmir]: Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ruh Sağlığı ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Anabilim Dalı,2017.
  • 37. Jerrell JM, Cousins VC, Roberts KM. Psychometrics of the recovery process inventory. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research.2006;33(4):464–473.
  • 38. Yalçiner N, Türkmen SN, Irmak H, Tavşanli NG, Elma F. İyileşme süreci envanteri türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi.2019;21(8): 32–40.
  • 39. Polat S, Kutlu Y, Gültekin BK. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of ıllness management and recovery scale-patient form. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2020; 1–8.
  • 40. Salyers MP, Godfrey JL, Mueser KT, Labriola S. Measuring illness management outcomes: A psychometric study of clinician and consumer rating scales for illness self management and recovery. Community Mental Health Journal.2007;43(5):459–480
  • 41. Jacob K. Recovery model of mental illness: A complementary approach to psychiatric care. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine.2015;37(2):117–119.
  • 42. Gönen Şentürk S, Küçükgüçlü Ö, Watson J. Caring for caregivers of ındividuals with dementia: from the perspective of watson’s theory of human caring. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing.2017;4(1):62-72.
  • 43. Küçükgüçlü Ö, Gönen Şentürk S, Akpınar Söylemez B. Alzheimer hastalığı olan bireye bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme sürecindeki deneyimleri. DEUHFED.2017;10(2):668-78.
  • 44. Wang YH, Lee MC. Nursing experience using watson’s caring theory to mitigate suicidal behaviors in a homosexual male. Journal of Nursing.2019;66(2):107–114.
  • 45. Durgun Ozan Y, Okumuş H, Lash AA. Implementation of watson’s theory of human caring: a case study. International Journal of Caring Sciences.2015;8(1);25.
  • 46. A Recovery Approach To Mental Health Care (Using The Tidal Model) Tur-nıng The Tıde Handbook. 2018. [cited 2021 Jen 2] Available from: https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-social-sciences/social-policy/CEIMH/tidal-model-handbook.pdf
  • 47. Savaşan A, Çam O. Tidal model ile izlenen alkol bağımlılarının 12 aylık takip sonuçları. J Psychiatric Nurs.2019;10(1):48-54.
  • 48. Brookes N, Murata L, Tansey M. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2006;13:460–463.
  • 49. Buchanan Barker P, Barker PJ. The Tidal Commitments: Extending the value base of mental health recovery. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2008;15(2):93–100.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Merve Bat Tonkuş 0000-0002-1046-6862

Sevcan Karataş 0000-0003-0247-3541

Sevil Yılmaz 0000-0002-4967-8264

Yasemin Kutlu 0000-0003-0596-4258

Publication Date July 30, 2022
Submission Date February 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Bat Tonkuş M, Karataş S, Yılmaz S, Kutlu Y. Ruhsal Bozukluğu Olan Bireylerde İyileşme ve İyileşme Modelleri. JMS. July 2022;3(3):135-143.