Mechanical Analysis of 3D Printed Biocompatible AFOs
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 22 - 30, 30.01.2024
Bahadır Bozkurt
,
M. Hüsnü Dirikolu
Öz
Paralysis and injuries such as spinal cord injuries lead to impairments in the lower extremities of individuals, causing abnormalities in walking. Weakness in the plantar and dorsiflexor muscles at the ankle is a significant factor in neuromuscular disorders. This condition necessitates the use of ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) support devices for the treatment of ankle disorders. This article focuses on the design of an AFO to be produced using additive manufacturing methods with biocompatible materials. In this context, filaments with different properties were produced by mixing polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) materials in varying ratios. The mechanical properties of the AFOs produced with these filaments were examined, aiming to achieve a sustainable and user-centric orthotic material.
Kaynakça
- 1. R.K. Chen, Y. an Jin, J. Wensman, A. Shih, Additive manufacturing of custom
orthoses and prostheses-A review, Additive Manufacturing. 12 (2016) 77-89. doi:10.1016/J.ADDMA.2016.04.002.
- 2. Y.A. Jin, J. Plott, R. Chen, J. Wensman, A. Shih, Additive Manufacturing of Custom Orthoses and Prostheses – A Review, Procedia CIRP. 36 (2015) 199-204.
doi:10.1016/J.PROCIR.2015.02.125.
- 3. M. Muthusamy, S. Safaee, R.K. Chen, Additive Manufacturing of Overhang Structures Using Moisture-Cured Silicone with Support Material, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2018, Vol. 2, Page 24. 2 (2018) 24. doi:10.3390/
JMMP2020024.
- 4. B. Braun, I.C. Roşca, I. Şerban, D. Tibrea, LOW-COST ORTHOPEDIC SHOES BASED ON RECYCLED MATERIALS: MANUFACTURING, PLANTAR
CORRECTION EVALUATION, 17 (2018) 1773-1780. http://www.eemj.icpm.
tuiasi.ro/;http://www.eemj.eu (erişim 26 Aralık 2023).
- 5. H. Kalita, D. Zindani, Design, Development, and Optimization of Bio-mechatronic Engineering Products, 2019. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-8235-9.ch009.
- 6. B. BOZKURT, M.H. DİRİKOLU, S. DİLİBAL, Y.M. ŞAHİN, Biyomedikal
Amaçlı Soğutucuların Tasarımında Termoelektrik Malzemelerin Kullanımına
Yönelik Verimlilik Analizi, içinde: İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi 8. Bilim Günleri Kongresi, İstanbul, 2022: s. 73.
- 7. M. Abedalwafa, F. Wang, L. Wang, C.L.-Rev.Adv.Mater. Sci, undefined 2013,
Biodegradable poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) for tissue engineering applications: A review, academia.edu. (t.y.). https://www.academia.edu/download/43018200/02_23413_abedalwafa.pdf (erişim 04 Aralık 2023).
- 8. N.I.A. Razak, N.A. Ibrahim, N. Zainuddin, M. Rayung, W.Z. Saad, The influence
of chemical surface modification of kenaf fiber using hydrogen peroxide on the
mechanical properties of biodegradable kenaf fiber/poly(lactic acid) composites,
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 19 (2014) 2957-2968. doi:10.3390/MOLECULES19032957.
- 9. P.K. Bajpai, Ceramics: a novel device for sustained long term delivery of drugs,
Bioceramics. 3 (1992) 87-99.
- 10. F. Aynali, H. Balci, E. Doganci, E. Bulus, Production and characterization of
non-leaching antimicrobial and hydrophilic polycaprolactone based nanofiber
mats, European Polymer Journal. 149 (2021) 110368. doi:10.1016/J.EURPOLYMJ.2021.110368.
- 11. E. Åkerlund, A. Diez-Escudero, A. Grzeszczak, C. Persson, The Effect of PCL
Addition on 3D-Printable PLA/HA Composite Filaments for the Treatment of
Bone Defects, Polymers. 14 (2022) 3305. doi:10.3390/POLYM14163305/S1.
- 12. E. Bulus, D. Ismik, D.S. Mansuroǧlu, M.S. Findikoǧlu, B. Bozkurt, Y.M. Şahin,
E. Doǧanci, M.D. Doǧanci, G. Sakarya, Electrohydrodynamic atomization
(EHDA) technique for the health sector of polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles
2019 Scientific Meeting on Electrical-Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and
Computer Science, EBBT 2019. (2019). doi:10.1109/EBBT.2019.8742004.
- 13. S.N. SAHIN, E. BULUS, D.S. MANSUROGLU, B. BOZKURT, A. KORKUT, Y.M.
SAHIN, Production And Characterization of Composite Scaffolds By Electrospinning Technique From Bioceramics Synthesized From Seashells, 7 th ICNTC
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS. (2021) 43-44.
- 14. J.J. Laureto, J.M. Pearce, Anisotropic mechanical property variance between ASTM
D638-14 type i and type iv fused filament fabricated specimens, Polymer Testing.
68 (2018) 294-301. doi:10.1016/J.POLYMERTESTING.2018.04.029.
- 15. T. Kobayashi, A.K.L. Leung, S.W. Hutchins, Techniques to measure rigidity of
ankle-foot orthosis: a review, Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 48 (2011) 565-576. doi:10.1682/JRRD.2010.10.0193.
- 16. H.K. SÜRMEN, Spina bifida hastalığı olan çocuklar için ayak-ayak bileği ortezi
tasarımı, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2016.
- 17. B.S. Roman, S. Espuelas, S. Gómez, C. Gamazo, M.L. Sanz, M. Ferrer, J.M. Irache,
Intradermal immunization with ovalbumin-loaded poly- -caprolactone microparticles conferred protection in ovalbumin-sensitized allergic mice, Clinical &
Experimental Allergy. 37 (2007) 287-295. doi:10.1111/J.1365-2222.2007.02654.X.
3B Yazıcı ile Üretilen Biyouyumlu AFO'ların Mekanik Analizi
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 22 - 30, 30.01.2024
Bahadır Bozkurt
,
M. Hüsnü Dirikolu
Öz
Felç, omurilik yaralanması gibi hastalıkları olan kişilerin alt ekstremitelerinde sakatlıklar oluşmakta ve bu durum yürümede anormalliklere yol açmaktadır. Ayak bileğindeki plantar ve dorsifleksiyon kaslarının zayıflığı nöromüsküler bozukluğun önemli bir nedenidir. Bu durum, ayak bileği bozukluklarının tedavisine yönelik ayak-ayak bileği ortezi (AFO) destek cihazlarının kullanılmasını zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Bu makale, biyouyumlu malzemelerle eklemeli imalat yöntemleri kullanılarak üretilecek bir AFO tasarımı oluşturulmasını ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda polilaktik asit (PLA) ve polikaprolakton (PCL) malzemeleri farklı oranlarda karıştırılarak farklı özelliklerde filamentler üretilmiştir. Elde edilen filamentler ile üretilen AFO'ların mekanik özellikleri incelenerek, sürdürülebilir ve kullanıcı odaklı bir ortez malzemesi elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Kaynakça
- 1. R.K. Chen, Y. an Jin, J. Wensman, A. Shih, Additive manufacturing of custom
orthoses and prostheses-A review, Additive Manufacturing. 12 (2016) 77-89. doi:10.1016/J.ADDMA.2016.04.002.
- 2. Y.A. Jin, J. Plott, R. Chen, J. Wensman, A. Shih, Additive Manufacturing of Custom Orthoses and Prostheses – A Review, Procedia CIRP. 36 (2015) 199-204.
doi:10.1016/J.PROCIR.2015.02.125.
- 3. M. Muthusamy, S. Safaee, R.K. Chen, Additive Manufacturing of Overhang Structures Using Moisture-Cured Silicone with Support Material, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2018, Vol. 2, Page 24. 2 (2018) 24. doi:10.3390/
JMMP2020024.
- 4. B. Braun, I.C. Roşca, I. Şerban, D. Tibrea, LOW-COST ORTHOPEDIC SHOES BASED ON RECYCLED MATERIALS: MANUFACTURING, PLANTAR
CORRECTION EVALUATION, 17 (2018) 1773-1780. http://www.eemj.icpm.
tuiasi.ro/;http://www.eemj.eu (erişim 26 Aralık 2023).
- 5. H. Kalita, D. Zindani, Design, Development, and Optimization of Bio-mechatronic Engineering Products, 2019. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-8235-9.ch009.
- 6. B. BOZKURT, M.H. DİRİKOLU, S. DİLİBAL, Y.M. ŞAHİN, Biyomedikal
Amaçlı Soğutucuların Tasarımında Termoelektrik Malzemelerin Kullanımına
Yönelik Verimlilik Analizi, içinde: İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi 8. Bilim Günleri Kongresi, İstanbul, 2022: s. 73.
- 7. M. Abedalwafa, F. Wang, L. Wang, C.L.-Rev.Adv.Mater. Sci, undefined 2013,
Biodegradable poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) for tissue engineering applications: A review, academia.edu. (t.y.). https://www.academia.edu/download/43018200/02_23413_abedalwafa.pdf (erişim 04 Aralık 2023).
- 8. N.I.A. Razak, N.A. Ibrahim, N. Zainuddin, M. Rayung, W.Z. Saad, The influence
of chemical surface modification of kenaf fiber using hydrogen peroxide on the
mechanical properties of biodegradable kenaf fiber/poly(lactic acid) composites,
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 19 (2014) 2957-2968. doi:10.3390/MOLECULES19032957.
- 9. P.K. Bajpai, Ceramics: a novel device for sustained long term delivery of drugs,
Bioceramics. 3 (1992) 87-99.
- 10. F. Aynali, H. Balci, E. Doganci, E. Bulus, Production and characterization of
non-leaching antimicrobial and hydrophilic polycaprolactone based nanofiber
mats, European Polymer Journal. 149 (2021) 110368. doi:10.1016/J.EURPOLYMJ.2021.110368.
- 11. E. Åkerlund, A. Diez-Escudero, A. Grzeszczak, C. Persson, The Effect of PCL
Addition on 3D-Printable PLA/HA Composite Filaments for the Treatment of
Bone Defects, Polymers. 14 (2022) 3305. doi:10.3390/POLYM14163305/S1.
- 12. E. Bulus, D. Ismik, D.S. Mansuroǧlu, M.S. Findikoǧlu, B. Bozkurt, Y.M. Şahin,
E. Doǧanci, M.D. Doǧanci, G. Sakarya, Electrohydrodynamic atomization
(EHDA) technique for the health sector of polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles
2019 Scientific Meeting on Electrical-Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and
Computer Science, EBBT 2019. (2019). doi:10.1109/EBBT.2019.8742004.
- 13. S.N. SAHIN, E. BULUS, D.S. MANSUROGLU, B. BOZKURT, A. KORKUT, Y.M.
SAHIN, Production And Characterization of Composite Scaffolds By Electrospinning Technique From Bioceramics Synthesized From Seashells, 7 th ICNTC
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS. (2021) 43-44.
- 14. J.J. Laureto, J.M. Pearce, Anisotropic mechanical property variance between ASTM
D638-14 type i and type iv fused filament fabricated specimens, Polymer Testing.
68 (2018) 294-301. doi:10.1016/J.POLYMERTESTING.2018.04.029.
- 15. T. Kobayashi, A.K.L. Leung, S.W. Hutchins, Techniques to measure rigidity of
ankle-foot orthosis: a review, Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 48 (2011) 565-576. doi:10.1682/JRRD.2010.10.0193.
- 16. H.K. SÜRMEN, Spina bifida hastalığı olan çocuklar için ayak-ayak bileği ortezi
tasarımı, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2016.
- 17. B.S. Roman, S. Espuelas, S. Gómez, C. Gamazo, M.L. Sanz, M. Ferrer, J.M. Irache,
Intradermal immunization with ovalbumin-loaded poly- -caprolactone microparticles conferred protection in ovalbumin-sensitized allergic mice, Clinical &
Experimental Allergy. 37 (2007) 287-295. doi:10.1111/J.1365-2222.2007.02654.X.