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Psahos'un özel arşivinde Osmanlı Türk müziği dokümantasyon

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 202 - 236, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51576/ymd.1198307

Abstract

Konstantinos A. Psahos 18 Mayıs 1869 (6 Safar 1286) tarihinde İstanbul Arnavutköy’de doğdu ve 9 Temmuz 1949 tarihinde Atina, Nea Smirni’de vefat etti. Uluslararası düzeyde çok yönlü bir bilim adamı olarak tanınmış ve saygınlık kazanmıştır. Psahos müzisyen, müzikolog, bestekar, müzik öğretmeni, araştırmacı, yazar olmanın, yanında bir organum da icad etmiştir. Bizans müziğinin yeniden yapılanmasında önemli katkıda bulunmuş, Bizans musiki bilimi ve müzikal halkbilim dallarının anlamda kurucusu sayılmıştır. Osmanlı Türk müziği (kendi deyimine göre “Asya müziği”) araştırmalarında ve bu müziğin Yunanistan’da yayılmasına önayak olmuştur. Ancak, bu alanda gerçekleştirdikleri yeterince tanınmış değil veya, daha doğrusu, yeterince takdir edilmiş değildir. Bu bildiride, Psahos’un özel arşivinde bahsi geçen olayların aydınlatılmasına çalışılacaktır. Halihazırda Psahos’un evinde bulunan arşiv kendisi tarafından derlenip düzenlemiş olup, kendisinin bilim ve sanat alanında yürüttüğü etkinlikleri, hayatı boyunca ürettiği -yayınlanmış veya yayınlanmamış- eserleri içerir.

References

  • Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2018). Ο Κ. Α. Ψάχος και η συμβολή του στην καταγραφή και μελέτη ελληνικών δημοτικών τραγουδιών [K. A. Psachos and his contribution to recording and studying Greek Folk Songs]. Athens: Publications of Athens Conservatoire-Edition Orpheus.
  • Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2022). Η δημοτική μουσική στις τουρκόφωνες και ελληνόφωνες μουσικές συλλογές της ύστερης οθωμανικής περιόδου: λαϊκός πολιτισμός και διακοινοτικές σχέσεις [Folk music in the Turkish and Greek musical collections of late Ottoman era: Popular culture and intercommunal relations] [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Athens: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G. (ed.) (2016). Ημερολόγιο 2016 [Journal 2016]. Athens: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Philosophy, Department of Music Studies.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G., Loupas, Sokratis & Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2021a). “Historico-musicological aspects of K. A. Psachos’s archive”, Musicologist 5 (2), pp. 187-239.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G., Loupas, Sokratis & Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2021b). “Uses of the New Method of the Byzantine Notation. Historico-Musicological Testimonies from K. A. Psachos’s Archive”, Epistēmēs Metron Logos, 5, pp. 1-47 & Π1-71.
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  • Fokaefs, Th. pr. (1846). Ἡ Πανδώρα, ἤτοι συλλογὴ ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων καὶ ἡδυτέρων Ἐξωτερικῶν Μελῶν εἰς τόμους δύο. Περιέχουσα Γραικικὰ Τραγώδια ἐξήκοντα καὶ δύο, καὶ ἕτερα εἴκοσι εἰς Μέλος Εὐρωπαϊκόν, μὲ προσθήκην ἐν τῷ τέλει ἑνὸς Μαθήματος Γραικικοῦ εἰς Μακάμια (ἤτοι Ἤχους) ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ πέντε, ἐξηγηθέντα εἰς τὴν Νέαν τῆς Μουσικῆς Μέθοδον [=Pandora, collection of the newest and most delightfull melodies of Secular Music, in two volums. Containing sixty two Greek Songs and twenty more in staff notation, with an added Greek lesson of the seventy five Makams at the end, explained to the New Method of Byzantine Music] (Vol. Β΄). Istanbul: Patriarchal Printing Shop.
  • Fokaefs, Th. pr., & Byzantios, St. (1830). Βίβλος καλουμένη Εὐτέρπη. Περιέχουσα συλλογὴν ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων καὶ ἡδυτέρων Ἐξωτερικῶν Μελῶν, μὲ προσθήκην ἐν τῷ τέλει καί τινων Ῥωμαϊκῶν Τραγῳδίων εἰς Μέλος Ὀθωμανικὸν καὶ Εὐρωπαϊκόν [=Book called Efterpi. Containing collection of the newest and most delightfull melodies of Secular Music, adding some Greek Songs at the end, in Ottoman Turkish and European music]. Galata: Printing Shop of Kastor.
  • Gazimihal, M. R. (1929). Şarki Anadolu türkü ve oyunları. İstanbul: İstanbul Konservatuvarı.
  • Hacı Emin (1302 [1884]). Nota muallimi. İstanbul.
  • Hamamızâde, İ. (1928). Hamsinâme. İstanbul: İstanbul Sabal Matbaası.
  • Helmholtz, H. L. (1885). On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music. (A. J. Ellis, Μεταφρ.) London: Longmans Green and Co.
  • Kalaitizidis, Kyriakos (2012). Post-Byzantine music manuscripts as a source for Oriental secular music (15th to Early 19th century). (K. Koubaroulis & D. Koubaroulis, translat.). Würzburg: Egon Verlag Würzburg.
  • Kamarados, Nileas N. (1907, January, February, March & May). «Διατριβὴ περὶ μουσικῆς μεταφρασθεῖσα ἐκ τοῦ Τουρκικοῦ συγγράμματος “Ταλιατάτ-υ Μεσχουρέι Ὀσμανιγί” ὑπὸ Μελετίου Ἱεροδιακόνου Ἀριστοβούλου» [“Treatise on music, translated by the Turkish writing “Talâtat-ı Meşhure-i Osmaniye” by Meletios Aristovoulou the Priest”]. Forminx, per. Β΄, year Β´ & Γ΄(19-20, 21-22, 23-24 & 3-4), pp. 5-6, 7-8, 5-7 & 6-7.
  • Kösemihal, Mahmud R. (1937). Balkanlarda musıki hareketleri (Balkanlarda musıki ilerleyişi). İstanbul: Nümune Matbaası.
  • Kúnos, I. (1889). Oszmán-Török népköltési gyüjtemény. Második kötet: Oszmán-Török népmesék és népdalok. Budapest: Kiadja a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia.
  • Loupas, Socrates (2013). «Αυτόγραφα Κωνσταντίνου Ψάχου. Η ψηφιοποίηση των καταλοίπων του αρχείου του» [“Autographs of K. A. Psachos; The digitalization of his Αrchive”], in Κωνσταντίνος Ψάχος: ο μουσικός, ο λόγιος. Πρακτικά ημερίδας [K. A. Psachos: the musician, the scholar. Conference Proceedings]. Pages 315-25. Athens: Publications of the Academy of Athens.
  • Özcan, Nuri (1993). Çağatay, Ali Rifat, in Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Vol. 8, σσ. 167-168). İstanbul.
  • Plemmenos, Ioannis (2013). «Η “θελξίθυμος” μούσα της Ανατολής: Η Ασιάς Λύρα του Κωνσταντίνου Ψάχου και το κοινωνικό-ιδεολογικό της πλαίσιο» [“The ‘attractive’ muse of Anatolia: The Asias Lyra of Konstantinos Psachos and its social-ideological context”], in Κωνσταντίνος Ψάχος: ο μουσικός, ο λόγιος. Πρακτικά ημερίδας [K. A. Psachos: the musician, the scholar. Conference Proceedings]. Pages 101-134. Athens: Publications of the Academy of Athens.
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  • Unknown (1311 [1894]). Nevay Dil yahud Yeni Şarkı Mecmuası. İstanbul.
  • Unknown (1315 [1897]). Şarkı Mecmuası. İstanbul.
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  • Zografos-Keivelis, I. G. (1872). Μουσικὸν Ἀπάνθισμα (Μεδζμουάι Μακαμάτ) διαφόρων ᾀσμάτων, μελοποιηθέντων παρὰ διαφόρων μελοποιῶν, τονισθέντων μὲν παρὰ Ἰωάννου Γ. Ζωγράφου Κέιβελη καὶ παρ᾽ ἄλλων μουσικοδιδασκάλων, ἐκδοθέντων δὲ ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ, περιέχον προσέτι τὴν ὀδηγίαν τῶν Ῥυθμῶν τῆς Ἀσιατικῆς Μουσικῆς [=Musical Collection (Mecmua-i Makamat) of various songs, set to music by various composers, accentuated by Ioannis G. Zografos Keivelis and other music teachers, published by him, containing instructions for the Rythms of Asian Music] (Vol. 1). Istanbul: Printing Shop of Evangelinos Misailidis “I Anatoli”.
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Testimonies of Ottoman Turkish music in K. A. Psachos's archive

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 202 - 236, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51576/ymd.1198307

Abstract

Konstantinos A. Psachos was born on May 18, 1869 (Safat 6, 1286) in Mega Revma [Arnavutköy], Constantinople [Istanbul] and died on July 9, 1949 in Nea Smyrni, Athens. He was a multi-faceted scientist, of international status and recognition; he was a musician, musicologist, composer, music teacher, researcher and writer, as well as an inventor of an Organ. He played a leading role in the restoration of Byzantine Music, and today is undoubtedly recognized as the academic founder of the sciences of Byzantine Musicology and Music Folklore. He also contributed to the study and dissemination of Ottoman Turkish (Asian, as he called it) music in Greece. However, this aspect of his work remains largely unknown and underappreciated. This paper will present the relevant facts, located in Psachos’s personal archive. The aforementioned archive, which remains in his residence, contains the scientific and artistic activities of K. A. Psachos, collected and organized himself, a record of his published and unpublished life works.

References

  • Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2018). Ο Κ. Α. Ψάχος και η συμβολή του στην καταγραφή και μελέτη ελληνικών δημοτικών τραγουδιών [K. A. Psachos and his contribution to recording and studying Greek Folk Songs]. Athens: Publications of Athens Conservatoire-Edition Orpheus.
  • Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2022). Η δημοτική μουσική στις τουρκόφωνες και ελληνόφωνες μουσικές συλλογές της ύστερης οθωμανικής περιόδου: λαϊκός πολιτισμός και διακοινοτικές σχέσεις [Folk music in the Turkish and Greek musical collections of late Ottoman era: Popular culture and intercommunal relations] [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Athens: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G. (ed.) (2016). Ημερολόγιο 2016 [Journal 2016]. Athens: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Philosophy, Department of Music Studies.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G., Loupas, Sokratis & Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2021a). “Historico-musicological aspects of K. A. Psachos’s archive”, Musicologist 5 (2), pp. 187-239.
  • Chaldæakis, Achilleas G., Loupas, Sokratis & Chaldæaki, Evangelia (2021b). “Uses of the New Method of the Byzantine Notation. Historico-Musicological Testimonies from K. A. Psachos’s Archive”, Epistēmēs Metron Logos, 5, pp. 1-47 & Π1-71.
  • Chloros, Ioannis (1899). Λεξικὸν Τουρκο-Ἑλληνικόν [Turkish-Greek Dictionary] (Vol. A). Istanbul: Patriarchal Print Shop.
  • Chloros, Ioannis (1900). Γραμματικὴ τῆς Ὀθωμανικῆς Γλώσσης [Ottoman Language Grammar Book]. Istanbul: Patriarchal Print Shop.
  • Fokaefs, Th. pr. (1843). Ἡ Πανδώρα, ἤτοι συλλογὴ ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων καὶ ἡδυτέρων Ἐξωτερικῶν Μελῶν εἰς τόμους δύο. Περιέχουσα Γραικικὰ Τραγώδια ἐξήκοντα καὶ δύο, καὶ ἕτερα εἴκοσι εἰς Μέλος Εὐρωπαϊκόν, μὲ προσθήκην ἐν τῷ τέλει ἑνὸς Μαθήματος Γραικικοῦ εἰς Μακάμια (ἤτοι Ἤχους) ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ πέντε, ἐξηγηθέντα εἰς τὴν Νέαν τῆς Μουσικῆς Μέθοδον [=Pandora, collection of the newest and most delightfull melodies of Secular Music, in two volums. Containing sixty two Greek Songs and twenty more in staff notation, with an added Greek lesson of the seventy five Makams at the end, explained to the New Method of Byzantine Music] (Vol. Α΄). Istanbul: Patriarchal Printing Shop.
  • Fokaefs, Th. pr. (1846). Ἡ Πανδώρα, ἤτοι συλλογὴ ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων καὶ ἡδυτέρων Ἐξωτερικῶν Μελῶν εἰς τόμους δύο. Περιέχουσα Γραικικὰ Τραγώδια ἐξήκοντα καὶ δύο, καὶ ἕτερα εἴκοσι εἰς Μέλος Εὐρωπαϊκόν, μὲ προσθήκην ἐν τῷ τέλει ἑνὸς Μαθήματος Γραικικοῦ εἰς Μακάμια (ἤτοι Ἤχους) ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ πέντε, ἐξηγηθέντα εἰς τὴν Νέαν τῆς Μουσικῆς Μέθοδον [=Pandora, collection of the newest and most delightfull melodies of Secular Music, in two volums. Containing sixty two Greek Songs and twenty more in staff notation, with an added Greek lesson of the seventy five Makams at the end, explained to the New Method of Byzantine Music] (Vol. Β΄). Istanbul: Patriarchal Printing Shop.
  • Fokaefs, Th. pr., & Byzantios, St. (1830). Βίβλος καλουμένη Εὐτέρπη. Περιέχουσα συλλογὴν ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων καὶ ἡδυτέρων Ἐξωτερικῶν Μελῶν, μὲ προσθήκην ἐν τῷ τέλει καί τινων Ῥωμαϊκῶν Τραγῳδίων εἰς Μέλος Ὀθωμανικὸν καὶ Εὐρωπαϊκόν [=Book called Efterpi. Containing collection of the newest and most delightfull melodies of Secular Music, adding some Greek Songs at the end, in Ottoman Turkish and European music]. Galata: Printing Shop of Kastor.
  • Gazimihal, M. R. (1929). Şarki Anadolu türkü ve oyunları. İstanbul: İstanbul Konservatuvarı.
  • Hacı Emin (1302 [1884]). Nota muallimi. İstanbul.
  • Hamamızâde, İ. (1928). Hamsinâme. İstanbul: İstanbul Sabal Matbaası.
  • Helmholtz, H. L. (1885). On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music. (A. J. Ellis, Μεταφρ.) London: Longmans Green and Co.
  • Kalaitizidis, Kyriakos (2012). Post-Byzantine music manuscripts as a source for Oriental secular music (15th to Early 19th century). (K. Koubaroulis & D. Koubaroulis, translat.). Würzburg: Egon Verlag Würzburg.
  • Kamarados, Nileas N. (1907, January, February, March & May). «Διατριβὴ περὶ μουσικῆς μεταφρασθεῖσα ἐκ τοῦ Τουρκικοῦ συγγράμματος “Ταλιατάτ-υ Μεσχουρέι Ὀσμανιγί” ὑπὸ Μελετίου Ἱεροδιακόνου Ἀριστοβούλου» [“Treatise on music, translated by the Turkish writing “Talâtat-ı Meşhure-i Osmaniye” by Meletios Aristovoulou the Priest”]. Forminx, per. Β΄, year Β´ & Γ΄(19-20, 21-22, 23-24 & 3-4), pp. 5-6, 7-8, 5-7 & 6-7.
  • Kösemihal, Mahmud R. (1937). Balkanlarda musıki hareketleri (Balkanlarda musıki ilerleyişi). İstanbul: Nümune Matbaası.
  • Kúnos, I. (1889). Oszmán-Török népköltési gyüjtemény. Második kötet: Oszmán-Török népmesék és népdalok. Budapest: Kiadja a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia.
  • Loupas, Socrates (2013). «Αυτόγραφα Κωνσταντίνου Ψάχου. Η ψηφιοποίηση των καταλοίπων του αρχείου του» [“Autographs of K. A. Psachos; The digitalization of his Αrchive”], in Κωνσταντίνος Ψάχος: ο μουσικός, ο λόγιος. Πρακτικά ημερίδας [K. A. Psachos: the musician, the scholar. Conference Proceedings]. Pages 315-25. Athens: Publications of the Academy of Athens.
  • Özcan, Nuri (1993). Çağatay, Ali Rifat, in Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Vol. 8, σσ. 167-168). İstanbul.
  • Plemmenos, Ioannis (2013). «Η “θελξίθυμος” μούσα της Ανατολής: Η Ασιάς Λύρα του Κωνσταντίνου Ψάχου και το κοινωνικό-ιδεολογικό της πλαίσιο» [“The ‘attractive’ muse of Anatolia: The Asias Lyra of Konstantinos Psachos and its social-ideological context”], in Κωνσταντίνος Ψάχος: ο μουσικός, ο λόγιος. Πρακτικά ημερίδας [K. A. Psachos: the musician, the scholar. Conference Proceedings]. Pages 101-134. Athens: Publications of the Academy of Athens.
  • Psachos, Konstantinos A. (1908). Ἀσιάς Λύρᾳ, ἤτοι συλλογὴ διαφόρων μελῶν τῆς Ἀσιατικῆς Μουσικῆς [Asias Lyra, meaning collection of various compositions of Asian music]. Athens: Print shop of Sp. Kousoulinos.
  • Unknown (1311 [1894]). Nevay Dil yahud Yeni Şarkı Mecmuası. İstanbul.
  • Unknown (1315 [1897]). Şarkı Mecmuası. İstanbul.
  • Xynadas, Emmanouil G. (2020). «Κωνσταντίνος Θ. Βαφείδης. Ο λόγιος μουσικός του 20ου αιώνα» [“Konstantinos Th. Vafidis. The scholar musician of 20th century”], in Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα Ανώτατης Εκκλησιαστικής Ακαδημίας Βέλλας Ιωαννίνων [Scientific Yearbook of Supreme Ecclesiastical Academy of Vella, Ioannina], 1-24. https://www.academia.edu/50347886/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%98_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F_%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B, accessed 21 November 2021.
  • Zografos-Keivelis, I. G. (1856). Ἀπάνθισμα ἢ Μεδζμουάι Μακαμάτ, περιέχον μὲν διάφορα Τουρκικὰ ᾌσματα, τονισθέντα ὑπὸ Ἰωάννου Γ. Ζωγράφου Νικαέως καὶ ἐκδοθέντα ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ, προσέτι τὴν Ὀδηγίαν τῶν Ῥυθμῶν τῆς Ἀσιατικῆς Μουσικῆς. Ἐπιθεωρηθὲν δέ, ὑπὸ τοῦ μουσικολογιωτάτου κυρίου Σπυρίδωνος Ἀναστασίου τοῦ ἐκ Πεισιδίας [=Musical Collection, containing various Turkish Songs, accentuated by Ioannis G. Zografos Keivelis from Nikæa and published by him, with Instructions for the Rythms of Asian Music. Examined by the musicilogist Spyridon Anastasiou from Pisidia]. Istanbul: Printing Shop of Th. Tividjian.
  • Zografos-Keivelis, I. G. (1872). Μουσικὸν Ἀπάνθισμα (Μεδζμουάι Μακαμάτ) διαφόρων ᾀσμάτων, μελοποιηθέντων παρὰ διαφόρων μελοποιῶν, τονισθέντων μὲν παρὰ Ἰωάννου Γ. Ζωγράφου Κέιβελη καὶ παρ᾽ ἄλλων μουσικοδιδασκάλων, ἐκδοθέντων δὲ ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ, περιέχον προσέτι τὴν ὀδηγίαν τῶν Ῥυθμῶν τῆς Ἀσιατικῆς Μουσικῆς [=Musical Collection (Mecmua-i Makamat) of various songs, set to music by various composers, accentuated by Ioannis G. Zografos Keivelis and other music teachers, published by him, containing instructions for the Rythms of Asian Music] (Vol. 1). Istanbul: Printing Shop of Evangelinos Misailidis “I Anatoli”.
  • Zografos-Keivelis, I. G. (1873). Μουσικὸν Ἀπάνθισμα, περιέχον διάφορα Ἑλληνικὰ ᾌσματα, μελοποιηθέντα παρὰ διαφόρων ποιητῶν, ἐκδοθέντα δὲ παρὰ Ἰωάννου Γ. Ζωγράφου Κέιβελη [=Musical Collection, containing Greek Songs, set to music by various poets, published by Ioannis G. Zografos Keivelis] (Vol. 2). Istanbul: Printing Shop of Evangelinos Misailidis “I Anatoli”.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Music
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Evangelia Chaldæaki 0000-0003-0398-3711

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date November 2, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Chaldæaki, E. (2022). Testimonies of Ottoman Turkish music in K. A. Psachos’s archive. Yegah Müzikoloji Dergisi, 5(2), 202-236. https://doi.org/10.51576/ymd.1198307