Effects of tomato rootstocks on plant growth, temperature sum requirements, yield and quality in different planting dates

Year 2009, Volume: 46 Issue: 2, 79 - 92, 01.06.2009

Yüksel Tüzel Hale Duyar Gölgen B. Öztekin Ayşe Gül

Abstract

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of rootstocks on plant growth, yield, fruit quality and temperature sum requirements (TS) in different planting dates. This research was carried out in autumn and spring season as split plots experimental design with 3 replicates. Main plot was planting dates which were (1) 1 September, (2) 14 September and (3) 3 October 2005 in autumn and (1) 3 March, (2) 17 March ve (3) 31 March 2006 in spring season. Sub-plots were different rootstocks namely (1) Beaufort, (2) Heman, (3) Vigomax and (4) control (non grafted Durinta plants). In the research only the main effects of treatments on stem length was found significantly different in autumn and it was higher in the first planting date and in the plants grafted on Heman. Leaf area also increased with the rootstocks although the response changed accordingly. In both growing seasons among the rootstocks, TS was found lower in Beaufort. It was higher in the first planting date and decreased at the further planting dates. In terms of yield parameters, yield was higher in the first planting date in autumn and in the first two dates in spring. Also the positive effect of rootstocks on yield was determined.

Keywords

Grafting, rootstock, tomato, planting date, temperature sum requirements

Domates Anaçlarının Farklı Dikim Tarihlerinde Bitki Gelişimi, Sıcaklık Toplamı İsteği, Verim ve Kaliteye Etkileri

Abstract

Bu araştırmada; serada domates yetiştiriciliğinde farklı dikim tarihleri ile üretime başlandığında anaçların bitki gelişimi, verim, meyve kalitesi ve çiçeklenmeye kadar olan sıcaklık toplamı (ST) isteğine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemeler bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak düzenlenmiş, sonbahar ve ilkbahar dönemlerinde yürütülmüştür. Ana parsel uygulaması olan dikim tarihleri sonbahar döneminde (1) 1 Eylül, (2) 14 Eylül ve (3) 3 Ekim 2005 ve ilkbahar döneminde (1) 3 Mart, (2) 17 Mart ve (3) 31 Mart 2006’dır. Alt parsel uygulamasını farklı anaçlar oluşturmuştur: (1) Beaufort, (2) Heman ve (3) Vigomax anaçları üzerine Durinta çeşidi aşılanmış ve (4) aşısız bitkiler kontrol uygulaması olarak denemeye alınmıştır. Araştırmada bitki boyu açısından sadece sonbahar döneminde uygulamaların esas etkisi önemli çıkmış; ilk dikim tarihinde ve Heman anacında bitki boyunun arttığı saptanmıştır. Yaprak alanı da, anaçlara göre farklı olmakla birlikte, aşılı bitkilerde artış göstermiştir. ST salkımlara göre değişmişse de, genelde her iki yetiştirme döneminde de, anaçlar arasında Beaufort üzerine aşılı bitkilerde daha düşük bulunurken, dikim tarihleri arasında da ST değeri ilk dikim tarihinde daha yüksek çıkmış ve dikim tarihinin ilerlemesiyle azalmıştır. Verim ile ilgili parametrelere uygulamaların etkileri incelendiğinde; sonbaharda ilk, ilkbaharda ilk iki dikim tarihinde verimin daha yüksek olduğu, anaç kullanımının da verimle ilgili ölçümü yapılan parametreleri olumlu olarak etkilediği görülmüştür

Keywords

Aşılama, anaç, domates, dikim tarihi, sıcaklık toplam

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