ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATION FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS ON DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS FOR DAILY LOAD

Abstract

Because of the many disadvantages of classical energy production systems as production and transmission cost, air pollution, raw material problem (natural gas, coal etc.), reliability etc., the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) to distribution network is one of the most important goals for new energy strategies. Photovoltaic (PV) Arrays as RES is widely used at distribution networks nowadays. DC voltage is produced with PV arrays based on solar irradiation and temperature. Because of the solar irradiation PV arrays cannot produce power all day. Therefore Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) is an important part for RESs. Energy can be stored with ESSs and can be used at the peak time. In this way the peak power and energy cost can be decreased with usage of ESS with PV arrays. In this work, total load power, power losses and energy coast are analysed at 30 bus distribution network (DN) for the integration of RESs and ESSs, and optimum usage of ESS for producers is examined. 

Keywords

• PV arrays,energy storage systems,distribution network,daily load

References

1. Pittsburgh, E. (2007). Electric Power Distribution Engineering. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Northcote-Green, J., & Wilson, G.R. (2007). Control and Automation of Electrical Power Distribution Systems. Boca Raton: CRC Press.. Zhang, P., Li, F., & Bhatt, N., (2010). Next_Generation Monitoring, Analysis and Control for the Future Smart Control Center. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 1, 186-192. Liang, J., Venayagamoorthy, G. K., & Harley, R. G. (2012). Wide-Area Measurement Based Dynamic Stochastic Optimal Power Flow Control for Smart Grids With High Variability and Uncertainty. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 3, 59-69. Kim, J. C., Cho, S. M., & Shin, H. S. (2013). Advanced Power Distribution System Configuration for Smart Grid. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 4, 353-358. Hopkins, M. D., Pahwa, A., & Easton, T. (2012). Intelligent Dispatch for Distributed Renewable Resources, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 3, 1047-1054. Baran, M. E., Hooshyar, H., Shen, Z., & Huang, A. (2012). Accommodating High PV Penetration on Distribution Feeders. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 3,1039-1046. Bae, S., & Kwasinski, A. (2012). Dynamic modeling and operation strategy for a microgrid with wind and photovoltaic resources. IEEE Trans Smart Grid, 3, 1867–1876. Tsai, H. F., & Tsai, H. L. (2012). Implementation and verification of integrated thermal and electrical models for commercial PV modules. Solar Energy, 86, 645-665. Soto, W. D., Klein, S.A., & Beckman, W.A. (2006). Improvement and validation of a model for photovoltaic array performance, Solar Energy, 80, 78-88. Awad, A. S. A., Fuller, J. D. , EL-Fouly, T. H. M., & Salama, M. M. A. (2014). Impact of Energy Storage Systems on Electricity Market Equilibrium. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5, 875-885. Atzeni, I., Ordóñez, L. G., Scutari, G., Palomar, D. P., & Fonollosa, J. R. (2013). Demand-Side Management via Distributed Energy Generation and Storage Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 4, 866-876. Choi, M.E., Kim, S.W., & Seo, S.W. (2012). Energy Management Optimization in a Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 3, 463-472. Barton, J. P., & Infield, D. G. (2004). Energy storage and its use with intermittent renewable energy. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 19, 441-448. Wook, K., Van-Huan, D., Thanh-Tuan, N., & Woojin, C. (2013). Analysis of the effects of inverter ripple current on a photovoltaic power system by using an AC impedance model of the solar cell. Renewable Energy, 59, 150-157. KC200GT. Retrieved May 23, 2017 from http://www.kyocera.com.sg/products/solar/pdf/kc200gt.pdf Savier, J. S., & Das, D. (2012). An exact method for loss allocation in radial distribution systems. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 36, 100-106. Electric Price Tariff Of Tedas. Retrieved June 23, 2017 from http://www.epdk.org.tr/TR/Dokuman/7292