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Endemik Alyssum discolor'un (Brassicaceae) Tohum Çimlenmesi ve Kök-Gövde Gelişimi Üzerine Nikel, Bakır ve Demir Etkisi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 87 - 94, 24.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.423607

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Brassicaceae familyasından endemik Alyssum discolortohumlarınafarklı konsantrasyonlarda (0.2-5.0 mM) klor tuzu şeklinde uygulanan bazı ağır metallerin (Ni, Cu ve Fe) tohum çimlenmesi ve kök-gövde gelişimi üzerindeki etkileri incelendi. Ayrıca A. discolor’un toprak üstü kısmındaki Ni, Cu ve Fe içerikleriİndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Optik Emisyon Spektrometrisi (ICP-OES) ile belirlendi.Tohumlar, plastik petriler içerisindeki şişme ortamı sıvısıyla ıslatılmış çift katlı kaba filtre kağıtlarının üzerine, her bir petriye 25’er tohum gelecek şekilde ekildi. Ekimden hemen sonra kapağı kapatılan petriler etüve kaldırıldı ve 72 saat süreyle 23-24ºC’de karanlık ortamda çimlenmeye bırakıldı. 72 saat sonunda radikula belirimi esasına göre tohumların çimlenme oranları tespit edildi ve her bir gruptaki çimlenen kök ve gövde uzunlukları ölçüldü. Tohum çimlenmesi, uygulanan ağır metal konsantrasyonlarındaki artışa paralel olarak azalırken,kök ve gövde uzunluklarının ise Fe hariç Ni ve Cu uygulamalarında konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak önemli düzeyde (P<0.05) azaldığı belirlendi. Serpantin özellik göstermeyen bir alandan toplanan A. discolor’uniçerdiği Ni konsantrasyonu 13.48 ± 0.44 mg/kg olarak tespit edildi. A. discolor’ungövde kuru ağırlığınınNi konsantrasyonu 1000 mg/kg'dan daha az olduğu için Ni hiperakümülatörü özelliği göstermediği, bu sebepten dolayı da Ni’den etkilendiği ve tolerans gösteremediği sonucuna ulaşılabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Akıncı S., Akıncı İE. 2011. Nikelin Ispanakta (Spinacia oleracea) Çimlenme ve Bazı Fide Büyüme Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Ekoloji, 20(79), 69-76.Aydın F. 2011. Alyssum corsicum Duby (Brassicaceae) Türünde Nikel ve Kadmiyum Birikimleri ve Moleküler Analizler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, 90 s.Baker A.J.M., Brooks R.R. 1989. Terrestrial Higher Plants Which Hyperaccumulate Metallic Elements–A Review of Their Distribution, Ecology and Phytochemistry. Biorecovery, 1, 81-126.Brooks R.R. 1998. General Introduction. In: Brooks, R.R. (ed.). Plants that hyperaccumulate heavy metals: their role in phytoremediation, microbiology, archaeology, mineral exploration and phytomining. CAB International, New York, pp. 1-14.Cartea M.E., Francisco M., Soengas P., Velasco P. 2010. Phenolic compounds in Brassica vegetables. Molecules, 16, 251-80.Cunningham SD., Ow DW. 1996. Promises and prospects of phytoremediation. Plant Physiology, 110, 715-719.Davis P.H. 1965. Flora of Turkey and Aegean Islands, Edinburg Univ. Press, Edinburg, 1, 362-409.Ghaderian Y.S.M., Lyon A.J.E., Baker A.J.M. 2000. Seedling Mortality of Metal Hyperaccumulator Plants Resulting from Damping off by Pythium spp. New Phytologist, 146(2), 219-224.Güner A. 1994. Bitkiler Dünyası. Bilim Ve Teknik, Tübitak Yayını, Cilt: 27; Sayı 321. Pro-Mat Basın Yayın A.Ş., 431p.Güner A., Aslan S., Ekim T., Vural M., Babaç M.T. 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul Flora Araştırmaları Derneği ve Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayını.Kranner I., Colville L. 2011. Metals and seeds: Biochemical and molecular implications and their significance for seed germination. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 72, 93-105.Kuriakose S.V., Prasad M.N.V. 2008. Cadmium stres affects seed germination and seedling growth in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench by changing the activities of hydrolyzing enzymes. Plant Growth Regulation, 54, 143-156.Li W.Q., Khan M.A., Yamaguchi S., Kamiya Y. 2005. Effects of heavy metals on seed germination and early seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Growth Regulation, 46, 45-50.Market B. 2003. Element concentration in ecosystems. International Institute of Advanced Ecological and Economic Studies, Zittau, Germany.Mengel K., Kirkby E.A., Kosegarten H., Appel T. 2001. Principles of Plant Nutrition, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.Munzuroğlu O., Geçkil H. 2002. Effects of metals on seed germination, root elongation, and coleoptile and hypocotyl growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 43, 203-213.Muszyńska E., Hanus-Fajerska E., Ciarkowska K. 2013. Evaluation of Seed Germination Ability of Native Calamine Plant Species on Different Substrata. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 22(6), 1775-1780.Nussbaum S., Shemutz D., Brunold C. 1988. Regulation of assimilatory sulfate reduction by cadmium Zea mays L. Plant Physiology, 88, 1407.Ouzounidou G. 1995. Effect of copper on germination and seedling growth of Minuartia, Silene, Alyssum and Thlaspi. Biologia Plantarum, 37(3), 411-416.Reeves R.D., Adiguzel N. 2004. Rare plants and nickel accumulators from Turkish serpentine soils, with special reference to Centaurea species. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28, 147-153.Siddiqui A.H., Tabrez S., Ahmad M. 2011. Validation of plant based bioassays for the toxicity testing of Indian waters. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 179, 241-253.Singer A.C., Bell T., Heywood C.A., Smith J.A., Thompson I.P. 2007. Phytoremediation of mixed-contaminated soil using the hyperaccumulator plant Alyssum lesbiacum: evidence of histidine as a measure of phytoextractable nickel. Environmental Pollution, 147(1), 74-82.Wierzbicka M., Obidzińska J. 1998. The effect of lead on seed imbibition and germination in different plant species. Plant Science, 137, 155-171.

Effect of Nickel, Copper and Iron on Seed Germination and Root-Shoot Growth of Endemic Alyssum discolor (Brassicaceae)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 87 - 94, 24.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.423607

Öz

In this study, the effect of some heavy metals(Ni, Cu and Fe) in the form of chloride salt at different concentrations (0.2-5.0 mM) on seed germination and root-shoot growth of endemicAlyssum discolorwas investigated. Also, Ni, Cu and Fe contents of above-ground parts ofA. discolorwere determined by Inductively Couple Plasma- cvOptical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Seeds were sown on the double-layer rough filter papers which were soaked with swelling medium liquid in the plastic petri-dishes, with 25 seeds on each dishes. Immediately after sowing, the petri-dishes were covered and kept into oven to germinate in the dark at 23-24 ºC for 72 hours.At the end of 72 hours, the germination rates of seeds were determined on the basis of the emergence of the radicle and root and shootlengths of the germinated seeds in each group were measured. It was determined that root and shootlengths decreased significantly (P <0.05) due to concentration increase in Ni and Cu applications except Fe, while seed germination decreased in parallel with the increase in applied heavy metal concentrations. The concentration of Ni that contained in A. discolorcollected from a non-serpentine area was found to be 13.48 ± 0.44 mg/kg. It can be concluded that A. discolordoes not show Ni hyperaccumulatorpropertyas its Ni concentration of the shootdry weight ofA. discoloris less than 1000 mg/kg and therefore it is affected by Ni and cannot tolerate it.

Kaynakça

  • Akıncı S., Akıncı İE. 2011. Nikelin Ispanakta (Spinacia oleracea) Çimlenme ve Bazı Fide Büyüme Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Ekoloji, 20(79), 69-76.Aydın F. 2011. Alyssum corsicum Duby (Brassicaceae) Türünde Nikel ve Kadmiyum Birikimleri ve Moleküler Analizler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, 90 s.Baker A.J.M., Brooks R.R. 1989. Terrestrial Higher Plants Which Hyperaccumulate Metallic Elements–A Review of Their Distribution, Ecology and Phytochemistry. Biorecovery, 1, 81-126.Brooks R.R. 1998. General Introduction. In: Brooks, R.R. (ed.). Plants that hyperaccumulate heavy metals: their role in phytoremediation, microbiology, archaeology, mineral exploration and phytomining. CAB International, New York, pp. 1-14.Cartea M.E., Francisco M., Soengas P., Velasco P. 2010. Phenolic compounds in Brassica vegetables. Molecules, 16, 251-80.Cunningham SD., Ow DW. 1996. Promises and prospects of phytoremediation. Plant Physiology, 110, 715-719.Davis P.H. 1965. Flora of Turkey and Aegean Islands, Edinburg Univ. Press, Edinburg, 1, 362-409.Ghaderian Y.S.M., Lyon A.J.E., Baker A.J.M. 2000. Seedling Mortality of Metal Hyperaccumulator Plants Resulting from Damping off by Pythium spp. New Phytologist, 146(2), 219-224.Güner A. 1994. Bitkiler Dünyası. Bilim Ve Teknik, Tübitak Yayını, Cilt: 27; Sayı 321. Pro-Mat Basın Yayın A.Ş., 431p.Güner A., Aslan S., Ekim T., Vural M., Babaç M.T. 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul Flora Araştırmaları Derneği ve Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayını.Kranner I., Colville L. 2011. Metals and seeds: Biochemical and molecular implications and their significance for seed germination. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 72, 93-105.Kuriakose S.V., Prasad M.N.V. 2008. Cadmium stres affects seed germination and seedling growth in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench by changing the activities of hydrolyzing enzymes. Plant Growth Regulation, 54, 143-156.Li W.Q., Khan M.A., Yamaguchi S., Kamiya Y. 2005. Effects of heavy metals on seed germination and early seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Growth Regulation, 46, 45-50.Market B. 2003. Element concentration in ecosystems. International Institute of Advanced Ecological and Economic Studies, Zittau, Germany.Mengel K., Kirkby E.A., Kosegarten H., Appel T. 2001. Principles of Plant Nutrition, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.Munzuroğlu O., Geçkil H. 2002. Effects of metals on seed germination, root elongation, and coleoptile and hypocotyl growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 43, 203-213.Muszyńska E., Hanus-Fajerska E., Ciarkowska K. 2013. Evaluation of Seed Germination Ability of Native Calamine Plant Species on Different Substrata. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 22(6), 1775-1780.Nussbaum S., Shemutz D., Brunold C. 1988. Regulation of assimilatory sulfate reduction by cadmium Zea mays L. Plant Physiology, 88, 1407.Ouzounidou G. 1995. Effect of copper on germination and seedling growth of Minuartia, Silene, Alyssum and Thlaspi. Biologia Plantarum, 37(3), 411-416.Reeves R.D., Adiguzel N. 2004. Rare plants and nickel accumulators from Turkish serpentine soils, with special reference to Centaurea species. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28, 147-153.Siddiqui A.H., Tabrez S., Ahmad M. 2011. Validation of plant based bioassays for the toxicity testing of Indian waters. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 179, 241-253.Singer A.C., Bell T., Heywood C.A., Smith J.A., Thompson I.P. 2007. Phytoremediation of mixed-contaminated soil using the hyperaccumulator plant Alyssum lesbiacum: evidence of histidine as a measure of phytoextractable nickel. Environmental Pollution, 147(1), 74-82.Wierzbicka M., Obidzińska J. 1998. The effect of lead on seed imbibition and germination in different plant species. Plant Science, 137, 155-171.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cennet Özay

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Mart 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özay, C. (2019). Endemik Alyssum discolor’un (Brassicaceae) Tohum Çimlenmesi ve Kök-Gövde Gelişimi Üzerine Nikel, Bakır ve Demir Etkisi. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 12(1), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.423607