Rhizobium vitis’in Neden Olduğu Nekrozun Yaygın Olarak Yetiştirilen Bazı Asma Çeşit ve Anaçlarının Aşı Tutumu Üzerine Etkisi ve Bu Çeşit/Anaç Kombinasyonlarının Nekroza Karşı Reaksiyonları

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2, 65 - 73, 29.01.2018

Didem Canik Orel Gökhan Söylemezoğlu

Öz

Rhizobium vitis (R. vitis)’in neden olduğu nekrozun ülkemizde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen bazı üzüm çeşitlerinin ve Amerikan asma anaçlarının aşı tutumu üzerindeki etkisi ve bu çeşit/anaç kombinasyonlarının nekroza karşı reaksiyonları araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, ülkemizde yaygın olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan sofralık, şaraplık ve kurutmalık üç farklı üzüm çeşidinin dört farklı anaç üzerindeki performansı belirlenmiştir. Asma sürgünleri üzerinde in vitro’da oluşturduğu nekroz kapasitesine göre R. vitis’in MG2 izolatı seçilmiş ve OD₆₀₀: 10⁵hücre/ml konsantrasyonda masa başı omega aşı öncesi çeşit ve anaçların aşı yüzeyi ile anaçların kök bölgesine inokule edilmiştir. Sonuçlar 16 hafta sonra değerlendirilmiştir. Aşı tutumu ve nekroz oluşumu yönüyle en dayanıklı çeşit/anaç kombinasyonu Alphonse Lavallée (AL)/5BB olarak saptanmıştır. Sultani Çekirdeksiz (SÇ)’in aşı tutumu yönüyle en hassas çeşit, 1613C’nin ise en hassas anaç olduğu; 5BB’ nin ele alınan kombinasyonlarda nekroz oluşumundan en az etkilenen anaç olduğu, 1103P, 110R ve 1613C anaçlarının nekroza verdikleri reaksiyonların benzer olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kök oluşumu genel olarak tüm kombinasyonlarda gözlemlenmiş olmakla beraber, oluşan köklerin nekrotik olduğu AL/110R ve SÇ/5BB kombinasyonlarında kök oluşumunun büyük oranda engellendiği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rhizobium vitis, asma, anaç, aşı tutumu, nekroz

Effect of Necrosis Caused by Rhizobium vitis on Graft Take on Widely Grown Grape Cultivars and Rootstocks and Their Reaction to Necrosis

Öz

The effects of necrosis caused by Rhizobium vitis (R. vitis) on the graft take of some grape cultivars and American grapevine rootstocks commonly grown in our country and necrosis reactions of these cultivar/rootstock combinations were investigated. For this purpose, the performance of three different grape cultivars that is commonly growth as table, wine and dry on four different rootstocks were determined. According to the necrosis capacity on the green grapevine shoots in the in vitro, R. vitis MG2 strains were selected and inoculated to the graft surface of the cultivars and the rootstocks and basal part of the rootstocks prior to omega graft with a concentration of OD₆₀₀:10⁵cfu/ml. The results were evaluated after 16 weeks. The most resistant cultivar/rootstock combination was determined as Alphonse Lavallée (AL) / 5BB in terms of graft take and necrosis formation. Sultani Çekirdeksiz (SÇ) is the most susceptible cultivar in terms of graft take and 1613C is the most susceptible rootstock. It was found that 5BB was the least affected rootstock by the necrosis within the combinations and the reactions of 1103P, 110R and 1613C rootstocks to necrosis were found similar. Although root formation was generally observed in all combinations, it was determined that root formation was substantially inhibited in the combinations of AL/110R and SÇ/5BB where the roots formed were necrotic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rhizobium vitis, grapevine, rootstock, graft take, necrosis

Kaynakça

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