Yüksek Plastisiteli Killerin Stabilizasyonu ve Dokusal Değişimler: Bir Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) Çalışması

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 588 - 599, 15.07.2019

Yasemin Aslan Topçuoğlu Zülfü Gürocak

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.550905

Öz

Stabilizasyon, puzolanik katkı malzemeleri kullanılarak killerin kıvam,
dayanım ve sıkışma gibi geoteknik özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesidir. Kolay uygulanabilir
ve ekonomik olması nedeniyle günümüzde en fazla tercih edilen yöntemlerden
birisidir. Killi zeminlere belli oranlarda katkı malzemesi eklenerek uygulanan
bu yöntem ile zemin içerisinde meydana gelen puzolanik reaksiyon sonucunda
kilin geoteknik özellikleri iyileştirilebilmektedir. Bu yöntemde kullanılan
katkı malzemeleri kireç, uçucu kül, silis dumanı, çimento, reçine gibi doğal
olmayan puzolanlar ile birlikte tüf, volkanik kül, şeyl, diatomit gibi doğal
puzolanik malzemeler de kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, daha ekonomik olması nedeniyle
stabilizasyonun sadece doğal veya hem doğal hem de yapay puzolanlar
kullanılarak yapılması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, yapay ve doğal puzolanların
kullanılması durumunda yüksek plastisiteli killerde meydana gelen dokusal
değişimler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla yapılan laboratuvar çalışmalarında, katkı
malzemesi olarak sönmüş kireç, silis dumanı, uçucu kül ve tüf kullanılmıştır.
Farklı tür ve oranda kullanılan katkı malzemelerinin etkisiyle kilin kıvamında
ve dokusunda meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalardan elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, özellikle yapay ve doğal katkı malzemelerinin birlikte
kullanıldığı örneklerde likit limit (LL) değerlerinin önemli ölçüde azaldığı
belirlenmiştir. Tüm örneklerde Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) çalışmaları
yapılmıştır. SEM çalışmaları ile elde edilen görüntüler, LL değerlerinde en
fazla azalmanın meydana geldiği örneklerde puzolanik reaksiyon sonucunda önemli
ölçüde topaklanmanın oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Bu örneklerde gelişen
topaklanma sonucunda tane boyutları ve taneler arası boşluklarda artışlar
belirlenmiştir. Ancak,  LL değerindeki
azalmanın sınırlı olduğu örneklerde topaklanma yeterince gelişmemiştir ve
taneler daha plakamsı şekillidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doku, Kil, Puzolan, Stabilizasyon, Topaklanma

The Stabilization of High Plasticity Clays and Textural Changes: A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Study

Öz

Stabilization is the
improvement of geotechnical properties of clays such as consistency, strength
and compression by using pozzolanic additives. Today, it is one of
the most preferred methods because it is easily applicable and economical. With this method,
which is applied by adding certain amounts of additive to clayey soils, the
geotechnical properties of clay can be improved by the pozzolanic reaction
occurring in the soil. In this method, natural pozzolanic materials
such as tuff, volcanic ash, shale, and diatomite have been used with the
unnatural pozzolans such as lime, fly ash, silica fume, cement and resin as
additives. However, it is important to make stabilization using only natural or
both natural and unnatural pozzolans since it is more economical. In this
study, the textural changes in high plasticity clay were
investigated when using of natural and unnatural pozzolans. For this
purpose, in the laboratory studies, slaked lime, silica fume, fly ash and tuff
were used as additives. Variations in the
consistency and texture of the clay due to the effects of different kinds and
proportions of additives were investigated. According to the results
obtained from the study, it was determined that the liquid limit (LL) values
​​decreased significantly in the samples where the unnatural and natural
additives were used together. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies were
performed in all samples. The images obtained by SEM studies showed that in the
cases where the maximum decrease in LL values
​​occurred, significant agglomeration occurred as a result of pozzolanic
reaction. As a result of the agglomeration in these
samples, increase in grain sizes and intergranular spaces were observed. However,
in the samples where the reduction in LL is limited, agglomeration was not
sufficiently developed and the grains are more plaque-shaped.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Texture, Clay, Pozzolan, Stabilization, Agglomeration

Kaynakça

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