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Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 154 - 161, 27.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.508969

Öz

Bu çalışmada yüksek yağlı diyetle beslenen ratlarda, Mate yaprağı (Ilex
paraguariensis
) çayının obezite oluşumu üzerine etkisi histopatolojik ve
biyokimyasal olarak araştırıldı. Bu amaçla 32 adet Wistar albino rat; Kontrol (K)
(n: 8), Yüksek Yağlı Diyet (YYD) (n: 8), YYD+Mate (YYD+M) (n: 8) ve Mate (M)
(n: 8) olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu ratlar standart pelet yemle
beslendi. YYD ve YYD+M grubu ratlara, 300 g/kg oranında tereyağı eritilip yeme
katılarak enerji değeri yüksek (4165 kcal/kg) hale getirilen pelet yem verildi.
YYD+M ve M grubu ratlar ise 3 gr/kg vücut ağırlığı olacak şekilde günlük
hazırlanan Mate yaprağı (Ilex paraguariensis) çayı orogastrik sonda ile
verildi. Çalışma süresince ratların canlı ağırlık artışları izlendi. Histopatolojik
olarak karaciğerlerden alınan doku örneklerinde YYD grubunda yağlanma, hidropik
dejenerasyon ve bazı hepatositlerde koagulasyon nekrozları görülürken, YYD+M
grubunda tek tük yağlanma görüldü. Biyokimyasal analizlerde ALT, AST, ALP, LDH,
GGT, kolesterol, trigliserit, HDL
ve açlık kan glukoz düzeyleri YYD grubunda kontrol grubuna göre belirgin
düzeyde yüksek, YYD+M grubunda ise kontrol grubuna yakın olduğu tespit edildi.
Sonuç olarak, YYD ile
birlikte verilen Mate yaprağı (Ilex paraguariensis) çayının ratlarda
obezite oluşumunun önüne geçebileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Kaynakça

  • Adams LA, Lymp JF, St Sauver J, Sanderson SO, Lindor KD, Feldstein A, 2005: The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A population-based cohort study. Gastroenterol, 129, 113-21.
  • Adıyaman F, 2016: Dünya sağlık örgütü avrupa obezite ile mücadele Bakanlar konferansının öncesi ve sonrasında Obezitenin gazetelerde sunumu. Selçuk Üniv İletişim Fak Akademik Derg, 9(3), 204-223.
  • Altin M, Keskin E, Uluisik D, 2014: Effects of ginseng on TNF-α, leptin and plasma lipid levels of rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Turk J Sport Exe, 16(2), 59–62.
  • Altunkaynak ME, Özbek E, Altunkaynak BZ, 2008: The effects of high-fat diet on the renal structure and morphometric parametric of kidneys in rats. J Anat, 212, 845-852.
  • Altunkaynak Z, 2005: Effects of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity on Female Rat Livers (A Histochemical Study). Eur J Gen Med, 2(3), 100-109.
  • Amin KA, Nagy MA, 2009: Effect of Carnitine and herbal mixture extract on obesity induced by high fat diet in rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr, 16, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Andersen T, Fogh J, 2001: Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal preparation in overweight patients. J Hum Nutr Diet, 14(3), 243-250.
  • Anesini C, Turner S, Cogoi L, 2012: Study of the participation of caffeine and polyphenols on the overall antioxidant activity of mate (Ilex paraguariensis). Food Sci Technol, 45(2), 299-304.
  • Aras K, Ersen G, 1992: Klinik Biyokimya, Tas Kitapçılık Ltd. Şti, Ankara, 338.
  • Arçari D, Bartchewsky W, Tanila W, Oliveira KA, DeOliveira CC, Gotardo ÉM, Pedrazzoli J Jr, Gambero A, Ferraz LF, Carvalho Pde O, Ribeiro ML, 2011: Anti-inflammatory effects of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis) ameliorate insulin resistance in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 335(2), 110-115.
  • Arçari DP, Bartchewsky W, dos Santos TW, Oliveira KA, Funck A, Pedrazzoli J, de Souza MF, Saad MJ, Bastos DH, Gambero A, Carvalho PO, Ribeiro ML, 2009: Antiobesity effects of yerba maté extract (Ilex paraguariensis) in highfat diet-induced obese mice. Obesity, 17(12), 2127-2133.
  • Aslan M, Orhan N, 2010: Obezite Tedavisine Yardımcı Olarak Kullanılan Doğal Ürünler. Mised, 23-24, 91-105.
  • Bastos DHM, Oliveira DD, Matsumoto RLT, Carvalho PO, Riberio ML, 2007: Yerba mate: pharmacological properties, research and biotechnology. Med Aromat Plant Sci Biotechnol, 1(1), 37-46.
  • Baytop T, 1994: Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü. Ankara. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları 140. Bell CG, Walley AJ, Froguel P, 2005: The genetics of human obesity. Nat Rev Genet, 6, 221-34
  • Blumenthal M, 1998: The Complete German Comission E Monographs. Boston: Massachusetts, 167-168.
  • Bracesco N, Sanchez AG, Contreras V, 2001: Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: Minireview. J Ethnopharmacol, 136(3), 378-384.
  • Briaud I, Kelpe CL, Johnson LM, 2002: Differential effects of hyperlipidemia on insulin secretion in islets of Langerhans from hyperglycemic versus normoglycemic rats. Diabetes, 51, 662-668.
  • Cattaneo L, De Gennaro Colonna V, Müller EE, Cochi D, 1997: Hypothalamopituitary-IGF-1 axis in female rats made obese by overfeeding. Life Sci, 61(9), 881-889.
  • Cha MC, Chou CJ, Boozer CN, 2000: High-fat diet feeding reduces the diurnal variation of plasma leptin concentration in rats. Metabolism, 49, 503-507.
  • Çayır A, Atak N, Köse SK, 2011: Beslenme ve diyet kliniğine başvuranlarda obezite durumu ve etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 64(1), 13-19.
  • Çubukçu B, Sarıyar G, Meriçli AH, 2002: Fitoterapi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı, İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Basım ve Yayınevi, 5.
  • Davis PH, 1967: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, 2, 541-542.
  • De la Maza MP, Hirsch S, Petermann M, Suazo M, Ugarte G, Bunout D, 2000: Changes in microsomal activity in alcoholism and obesity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 24(5), 605-610.
  • Duvnjak M, Lerotić I, Baršić N, Tomašić V, Jukić LV, Velagić V, 2007. Pathogenesis and management issues for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol, 13(34), 4539-4550.
  • Dyck DJ, 2000: Dietary fat intake, supplements and weight loss. Can J Appl Physiol, 25, 495-523.
  • Ejaz A, Wu D, Kwan P. Meydani M, 2009: Curcumin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and angiogenesis and obesity in C57/BL mice. J Nutr, 139(5), 919-25.
  • El-Sakka S, Salem Eel-D, Abdel-Rahman MS, 2002: In vitro hepatotoxicity of alachlor and its by-product. J Appl Toxicol, 22, 31-35.
  • Evans WC, 2009. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy (Eighth Edition). England: Elsevier Health Sciences, 410-411.
  • Filip R, Lotito SB, Ferraro G, Cesar GF, 2000: Antioxidant activity of Ilex paraguariensis and related species. Nutr Res, 20(10), 1437-1446.
  • Fraulob JC, Ogg‐Diamantino R, Fernandes‐Santos C, 2010: A mouse model of metabolic syndrome: insulin resistance, fatty liver and Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease (NAFPD) in C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet. J Clin Biochem Nutr, 46, 212-223
  • Gao J, Ghibaudi L, van Heek M, Hwa JJ, 2002. Characterization of diet-induced obese rats that develop persistent obesity after 6 months of high-fat followed by 1 month of low-fat diet. Brain Res, 936, 87-90.
  • Gelardi NL, Cha CJM, Oh W, 1990: Glucose metabolism in adipocytes of obese offspring of mild hyperglycemic rats. Pediatr Res, 28(6), 641-645.
  • Gunbatar N, Bayiroglu F, 2015: The Effect of a Highly Saturated Fat Diet and Intermittent Fasting Diet on Experimental Colon Cancer Development and Some Serum Inflammation Markers in Rats, Adiponectin and Lipid Metabolism. Van Vet J, 26(3),123-127.
  • Haddad Y, Vallerand D, Brault A, Haddad PS, 2009: Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of. Silibinin in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Oxford University Press, 35, 98-115.
  • LaGow B, 2004: PDR for Herbal Medicines (Third edition). Montvale, New Jersey. Thomson Medical Economics, 559-560.
  • Lee, JS, Lee MK, Ha TY, 2006: Supplementation of whole persimmon leaf improves lipid profiles and suppresses body weight gain in rats fed high-fat diet. Food Chem Toxicol, 44, 1875-1883.
  • Martin JGP, Porto E, de Alencar SM, da Gloria EM, Correa CB, Cabral ISR, 2013: Antimicrobial activity of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) against food pathogens. Rev Argent Microbiol, 45, 93-98.
  • Mejia E, Songa Y, Hecka C, 2010: Yerba mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis): Phenolics, antioxidant capacity and in vitro inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation. J Funct Foods, 2, 23-34.
  • Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD,1996: Herbal Medicines. Mate. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 189-190.
  • Omagari K, Kato S, Tsuneyama K, 2008: Effect of a Long-Term High-Fat Diet and Switching from a High-Fat to Low-Fat, Standart Diet on Hepatic Fat Accumulation in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Dig Dis Sci, 53, 3206-3212.
  • Padwal RS, Majumdar SR, 2007: Drug treatments for obesity: orlistat, sibutramine, and rimonabant. Lancet, 369(9555), 71-7.
  • Pagotto U, Vanuzzo D, Vicennati V, 2008: Pharmacological therapy of obesity. G Ital Cardiol (Rome), 9(4), 83-93.
  • Ramirez-Mares MV, Chandra S, de Mejia EG, 2004: In vitro chemopreventive activity of Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis and Ardisia compressa tea extracts and selected polyphenols. Mutat Res 554(1), 53-65.
  • Reaven GM, 1998: Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes, 37, 1595-1607.
  • Reis EDE, Neto FWS, Cattani VB, Peroza LR, Busanello A, Leal CQ, Boligon AA, Lehmen TF, Libardoni M, Athayde ML, Fachinetto R, 2014: Antidepressant-like effect of Ilex paraguariensis in rats. Biomed Res Int, Volume 2014, Article ID 958209, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/958209.
  • Sayın, FK, 2012: Silybum marianum ekstresinin yüksek yağlı diyetle beslenen ratlarda insülin rezistansı, karaciğer fonksiyonları, lipit düzeyleri ve leptin seviyesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Doktora Tezi, SÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Konya.
  • Seyithanoğlu M, 2015: Deneysel yüksek yağlı beslenme modelinde kurkumin ve kapsaisin uygulamasının karaciğer yağlanması üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi, İÜ Tıp Fakültesi, İstanbul,
  • Sharma SK, Vij AS, Sharma M, 2013: Mechanisms and clinical uses of capsaicin. Eur J Pharmacol, 15, 720 (1-3), 55-62.
  • Sonsuz A, 2007: Nonalkolik karaciğer yağlanması. İÜ Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Etkinlikleri, 58, 91-98.
  • SPSS Inc. Released 2007. SPSS for Windows, Version 15.0. Chicago, IL, USA.
  • Suzergoz F, Çinar S, Oktay R, Karakus F, Gurol AO, 2013: Effect of Achillea wilhelmsii Extract Intake Upon Blood Lipid Profile, Hematologic and Immunologic Parameters in the Rat. Food Agric Immunol, DOI:10.1080/09540105.2013. 864605.
  • Tiniakos DG, 2010: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: histological diagnostic criteria and scoring systems. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22(6), 643-50.
  • Vieira MA, Rovaris AA, Maraschin M, De Simas KN, Pagliosa CM, Podestá R, Amboni RD, Barreto PL, Amante ER, 2008: Chemical characterization of candy made of Erva-Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) residue. J Agric Food Chem, 56 (12), 4637-42.
  • Wichtl M, 2004: Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on A Scientific Basis. Stuttgart, CRC press, 319-321.
  • Wilborn C, Beckham J, Campbell B, Harvey T, Galbreath M, La Bounty P, Nassar E, Wissman J, Kreider R, 2005: Obesity: Prevalence, Theories, Medical Consequences, Management, and Research Directions. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 2(2), 4-31.
  • Woods, SC, D’alessıo DA, Tso P, 2004: Consumption of a high-fat diet alters the homeostatic regulation of energy balance. Physiol Behav, 83(4), 573-578.
  • Xu JZ, Fan JG, Ding XD, 2010: Characterization of High- Fat, Diet Induced, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis with Fibrosis in Rats. Dig Dis Sci, 55(4), 931-940.

Histopathological and Biochemical Investigation of the Effects of Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Tea on Antiobesity Effect in Rats Fed with High Fat Diet

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 154 - 161, 27.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.508969

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the preventative effect of Mate
tea (Ilex paraguariensis) tea on
obesity development in rats fed with high fat diet by histopathological and
biochemical methods. In this study, 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into
four groups as Control Group (C) (n:8), High Fat Diet Group (YYD) (n: 8), High
Fat Diet+Mate Group (YYD+M) (n: 8)
and Mate Group (M) (n: 8). YYD and YYD+M group rats received YYD (4165 kcal/kg)
containing fat (300 g/kg) for 8 weeks.
The daily preparation of Mate leaf (Ilex paraguariensis) tea at the dose of
3 g/kg body weight in rats of group YYD+M and M group was given by orogastric
catheter.
During
the study, weight gain of the rats was monitored. Hepatoprotective effect by Ilex paraguariensis tea was further
supported by the almost normal histology in YYD+M group as compared to the degenerative changes such as
fattenings, hydropic degeneration and coagulation necrosis of some hepatocyte in the
YYD treated rats. Decreased levels of blood glucose AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT,
cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol
and glocose were detected in YYD+M group. These findings suggested that
simultaneous treatment of Ilex
paraguariensis
attenuated hepatic fat accumulation in YYD fed rats.

Kaynakça

  • Adams LA, Lymp JF, St Sauver J, Sanderson SO, Lindor KD, Feldstein A, 2005: The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A population-based cohort study. Gastroenterol, 129, 113-21.
  • Adıyaman F, 2016: Dünya sağlık örgütü avrupa obezite ile mücadele Bakanlar konferansının öncesi ve sonrasında Obezitenin gazetelerde sunumu. Selçuk Üniv İletişim Fak Akademik Derg, 9(3), 204-223.
  • Altin M, Keskin E, Uluisik D, 2014: Effects of ginseng on TNF-α, leptin and plasma lipid levels of rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Turk J Sport Exe, 16(2), 59–62.
  • Altunkaynak ME, Özbek E, Altunkaynak BZ, 2008: The effects of high-fat diet on the renal structure and morphometric parametric of kidneys in rats. J Anat, 212, 845-852.
  • Altunkaynak Z, 2005: Effects of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity on Female Rat Livers (A Histochemical Study). Eur J Gen Med, 2(3), 100-109.
  • Amin KA, Nagy MA, 2009: Effect of Carnitine and herbal mixture extract on obesity induced by high fat diet in rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr, 16, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Andersen T, Fogh J, 2001: Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal preparation in overweight patients. J Hum Nutr Diet, 14(3), 243-250.
  • Anesini C, Turner S, Cogoi L, 2012: Study of the participation of caffeine and polyphenols on the overall antioxidant activity of mate (Ilex paraguariensis). Food Sci Technol, 45(2), 299-304.
  • Aras K, Ersen G, 1992: Klinik Biyokimya, Tas Kitapçılık Ltd. Şti, Ankara, 338.
  • Arçari D, Bartchewsky W, Tanila W, Oliveira KA, DeOliveira CC, Gotardo ÉM, Pedrazzoli J Jr, Gambero A, Ferraz LF, Carvalho Pde O, Ribeiro ML, 2011: Anti-inflammatory effects of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis) ameliorate insulin resistance in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 335(2), 110-115.
  • Arçari DP, Bartchewsky W, dos Santos TW, Oliveira KA, Funck A, Pedrazzoli J, de Souza MF, Saad MJ, Bastos DH, Gambero A, Carvalho PO, Ribeiro ML, 2009: Antiobesity effects of yerba maté extract (Ilex paraguariensis) in highfat diet-induced obese mice. Obesity, 17(12), 2127-2133.
  • Aslan M, Orhan N, 2010: Obezite Tedavisine Yardımcı Olarak Kullanılan Doğal Ürünler. Mised, 23-24, 91-105.
  • Bastos DHM, Oliveira DD, Matsumoto RLT, Carvalho PO, Riberio ML, 2007: Yerba mate: pharmacological properties, research and biotechnology. Med Aromat Plant Sci Biotechnol, 1(1), 37-46.
  • Baytop T, 1994: Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü. Ankara. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları 140. Bell CG, Walley AJ, Froguel P, 2005: The genetics of human obesity. Nat Rev Genet, 6, 221-34
  • Blumenthal M, 1998: The Complete German Comission E Monographs. Boston: Massachusetts, 167-168.
  • Bracesco N, Sanchez AG, Contreras V, 2001: Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: Minireview. J Ethnopharmacol, 136(3), 378-384.
  • Briaud I, Kelpe CL, Johnson LM, 2002: Differential effects of hyperlipidemia on insulin secretion in islets of Langerhans from hyperglycemic versus normoglycemic rats. Diabetes, 51, 662-668.
  • Cattaneo L, De Gennaro Colonna V, Müller EE, Cochi D, 1997: Hypothalamopituitary-IGF-1 axis in female rats made obese by overfeeding. Life Sci, 61(9), 881-889.
  • Cha MC, Chou CJ, Boozer CN, 2000: High-fat diet feeding reduces the diurnal variation of plasma leptin concentration in rats. Metabolism, 49, 503-507.
  • Çayır A, Atak N, Köse SK, 2011: Beslenme ve diyet kliniğine başvuranlarda obezite durumu ve etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 64(1), 13-19.
  • Çubukçu B, Sarıyar G, Meriçli AH, 2002: Fitoterapi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı, İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Basım ve Yayınevi, 5.
  • Davis PH, 1967: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, 2, 541-542.
  • De la Maza MP, Hirsch S, Petermann M, Suazo M, Ugarte G, Bunout D, 2000: Changes in microsomal activity in alcoholism and obesity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 24(5), 605-610.
  • Duvnjak M, Lerotić I, Baršić N, Tomašić V, Jukić LV, Velagić V, 2007. Pathogenesis and management issues for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol, 13(34), 4539-4550.
  • Dyck DJ, 2000: Dietary fat intake, supplements and weight loss. Can J Appl Physiol, 25, 495-523.
  • Ejaz A, Wu D, Kwan P. Meydani M, 2009: Curcumin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and angiogenesis and obesity in C57/BL mice. J Nutr, 139(5), 919-25.
  • El-Sakka S, Salem Eel-D, Abdel-Rahman MS, 2002: In vitro hepatotoxicity of alachlor and its by-product. J Appl Toxicol, 22, 31-35.
  • Evans WC, 2009. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy (Eighth Edition). England: Elsevier Health Sciences, 410-411.
  • Filip R, Lotito SB, Ferraro G, Cesar GF, 2000: Antioxidant activity of Ilex paraguariensis and related species. Nutr Res, 20(10), 1437-1446.
  • Fraulob JC, Ogg‐Diamantino R, Fernandes‐Santos C, 2010: A mouse model of metabolic syndrome: insulin resistance, fatty liver and Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease (NAFPD) in C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet. J Clin Biochem Nutr, 46, 212-223
  • Gao J, Ghibaudi L, van Heek M, Hwa JJ, 2002. Characterization of diet-induced obese rats that develop persistent obesity after 6 months of high-fat followed by 1 month of low-fat diet. Brain Res, 936, 87-90.
  • Gelardi NL, Cha CJM, Oh W, 1990: Glucose metabolism in adipocytes of obese offspring of mild hyperglycemic rats. Pediatr Res, 28(6), 641-645.
  • Gunbatar N, Bayiroglu F, 2015: The Effect of a Highly Saturated Fat Diet and Intermittent Fasting Diet on Experimental Colon Cancer Development and Some Serum Inflammation Markers in Rats, Adiponectin and Lipid Metabolism. Van Vet J, 26(3),123-127.
  • Haddad Y, Vallerand D, Brault A, Haddad PS, 2009: Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of. Silibinin in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Oxford University Press, 35, 98-115.
  • LaGow B, 2004: PDR for Herbal Medicines (Third edition). Montvale, New Jersey. Thomson Medical Economics, 559-560.
  • Lee, JS, Lee MK, Ha TY, 2006: Supplementation of whole persimmon leaf improves lipid profiles and suppresses body weight gain in rats fed high-fat diet. Food Chem Toxicol, 44, 1875-1883.
  • Martin JGP, Porto E, de Alencar SM, da Gloria EM, Correa CB, Cabral ISR, 2013: Antimicrobial activity of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) against food pathogens. Rev Argent Microbiol, 45, 93-98.
  • Mejia E, Songa Y, Hecka C, 2010: Yerba mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis): Phenolics, antioxidant capacity and in vitro inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation. J Funct Foods, 2, 23-34.
  • Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD,1996: Herbal Medicines. Mate. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 189-190.
  • Omagari K, Kato S, Tsuneyama K, 2008: Effect of a Long-Term High-Fat Diet and Switching from a High-Fat to Low-Fat, Standart Diet on Hepatic Fat Accumulation in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Dig Dis Sci, 53, 3206-3212.
  • Padwal RS, Majumdar SR, 2007: Drug treatments for obesity: orlistat, sibutramine, and rimonabant. Lancet, 369(9555), 71-7.
  • Pagotto U, Vanuzzo D, Vicennati V, 2008: Pharmacological therapy of obesity. G Ital Cardiol (Rome), 9(4), 83-93.
  • Ramirez-Mares MV, Chandra S, de Mejia EG, 2004: In vitro chemopreventive activity of Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis and Ardisia compressa tea extracts and selected polyphenols. Mutat Res 554(1), 53-65.
  • Reaven GM, 1998: Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes, 37, 1595-1607.
  • Reis EDE, Neto FWS, Cattani VB, Peroza LR, Busanello A, Leal CQ, Boligon AA, Lehmen TF, Libardoni M, Athayde ML, Fachinetto R, 2014: Antidepressant-like effect of Ilex paraguariensis in rats. Biomed Res Int, Volume 2014, Article ID 958209, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/958209.
  • Sayın, FK, 2012: Silybum marianum ekstresinin yüksek yağlı diyetle beslenen ratlarda insülin rezistansı, karaciğer fonksiyonları, lipit düzeyleri ve leptin seviyesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Doktora Tezi, SÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Konya.
  • Seyithanoğlu M, 2015: Deneysel yüksek yağlı beslenme modelinde kurkumin ve kapsaisin uygulamasının karaciğer yağlanması üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi, İÜ Tıp Fakültesi, İstanbul,
  • Sharma SK, Vij AS, Sharma M, 2013: Mechanisms and clinical uses of capsaicin. Eur J Pharmacol, 15, 720 (1-3), 55-62.
  • Sonsuz A, 2007: Nonalkolik karaciğer yağlanması. İÜ Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Etkinlikleri, 58, 91-98.
  • SPSS Inc. Released 2007. SPSS for Windows, Version 15.0. Chicago, IL, USA.
  • Suzergoz F, Çinar S, Oktay R, Karakus F, Gurol AO, 2013: Effect of Achillea wilhelmsii Extract Intake Upon Blood Lipid Profile, Hematologic and Immunologic Parameters in the Rat. Food Agric Immunol, DOI:10.1080/09540105.2013. 864605.
  • Tiniakos DG, 2010: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: histological diagnostic criteria and scoring systems. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22(6), 643-50.
  • Vieira MA, Rovaris AA, Maraschin M, De Simas KN, Pagliosa CM, Podestá R, Amboni RD, Barreto PL, Amante ER, 2008: Chemical characterization of candy made of Erva-Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) residue. J Agric Food Chem, 56 (12), 4637-42.
  • Wichtl M, 2004: Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on A Scientific Basis. Stuttgart, CRC press, 319-321.
  • Wilborn C, Beckham J, Campbell B, Harvey T, Galbreath M, La Bounty P, Nassar E, Wissman J, Kreider R, 2005: Obesity: Prevalence, Theories, Medical Consequences, Management, and Research Directions. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 2(2), 4-31.
  • Woods, SC, D’alessıo DA, Tso P, 2004: Consumption of a high-fat diet alters the homeostatic regulation of energy balance. Physiol Behav, 83(4), 573-578.
  • Xu JZ, Fan JG, Ding XD, 2010: Characterization of High- Fat, Diet Induced, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis with Fibrosis in Rats. Dig Dis Sci, 55(4), 931-940.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştıma
Yazarlar

Ahmet Uyar

Erhan Esim Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2018
Kabul Tarihi 19 Kasım 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Uyar, A., & Esim, E. (2018). Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 154-161. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.508969
AMA Uyar A, Esim E. Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. Aralık 2018;7(2):154-161. doi:10.31196/huvfd.508969
Chicago Uyar, Ahmet, ve Erhan Esim. “Yüksek Yağlı Diyet Ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik Ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7, sy. 2 (Aralık 2018): 154-61. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.508969.
EndNote Uyar A, Esim E (01 Aralık 2018) Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7 2 154–161.
IEEE A. Uyar ve E. Esim, “Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması”, Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 154–161, 2018, doi: 10.31196/huvfd.508969.
ISNAD Uyar, Ahmet - Esim, Erhan. “Yüksek Yağlı Diyet Ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik Ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7/2 (Aralık 2018), 154-161. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.508969.
JAMA Uyar A, Esim E. Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;7:154–161.
MLA Uyar, Ahmet ve Erhan Esim. “Yüksek Yağlı Diyet Ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik Ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 154-61, doi:10.31196/huvfd.508969.
Vancouver Uyar A, Esim E. Yüksek Yağlı Diyet ile Beslenen Ratlarda Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Çayının Obeziteyi Önleyici Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;7(2):154-61.