Klorofil Floresan Metodu ile Ayrılan Farklı Olgunluk Dönemlerindeki Biber Tohumlarında Canlılık Parametrelerinin Tespiti

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 168 - 177, 30.12.2018

Burcu Begüm Kenanoğlu Havva Dinler

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.449740

Öz

Klorofil Floresan (KF)
metodu tohumları herhangi bir ıslatmaya tabi tutmadan, tohum neminde herhangi
bir değişim olmadan olgun ve az olgun tohumları ayırma temeline dayanmaktadır.
Bu metodun prensibi, tohumların olgunlaşma sürecinde bulundurmuş olduğu klorofilin
olgunlaşma gerçekleştikçe parçalanmasını baz alarak tohumlara verdiği kırmızı
ışığın (670 nm) emilen ve emilmeyen kısmında yansımasıdır. Bu çalışmada, iki
farklı olgunluk döneminde hasat edilen ve Klorofil Floresan ayırım tekniği ile
olgunluk durumları (az olgun yada aşırı olgun) belirlenen Çarliston, 11B14,
Yağlık ve Kandil Dolma çeşitlerine ait 8 yıllık tohum partilerinin çimlenme
performansı (toplam-normal çimlenme oranı %), protein miktarı (ham protein) ve
fungusların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. I. hasata ait kontrol grubu
tohumlarında en fazla normal çimlenme oranı (%30) yağlık çeşidinde belirlenmiş
ancak depolama süresine bağlı olarak canlılık ciddi oranda azalmıştır. KF
ayırımı ile klorofil değeri yüksek olarak belirlenen gruplarında ise kayda
değer bir canlılık bulunmazken, klorofil değeri düşük grupta da yine Yağlık
çeşidi kısmen çimlenme (%39) göstermiştir. IV. hasata ait tohum gruplarında
ise; kontrol tohumlarında Kandil Dolma ve Yağlık en yüksek normal çimlenme
performansı (%88-89) göstermiştir. KF ayırımı ile klorofil değeri yüksek olarak
belirlenen gruplarında I. hasat tohumlarına göre daha yüksek canlılık
belirlenerek, öne çıkan çeşit %63 oranı ile kandil dolma çeşidine ait tohumlar
olmuştur. Klorofil değeri düşük grupta olgunluğun daha yüksek olması sebebiyle
genel olarak canlılık %62-95 arasında belirlenmiştir. Protein analizi
sonuçlarında; özellikle Çarliston ve Yağlık çeşitlerinde klorofil değeri düşük
olan ve IV. hasata ait tohumlarda diğerlerine nazaran daha yüksek değerler elde
edilmiştir. Belirlenen funguslar; Cladosporium
spp., Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium spp.’dir. Çarliston, Kandil
Dolma ve Yağlık biber çeşitlerinde IV. hasat tohumlarında klorofil ayrımı ile
yüksek ve düşük klorofil değerleri saptanan gruplarda fungus saptanmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biber, hasat dönemleri, klorofil floresan metodu, fungus, protein miktarı

Determination of the Viability Parameters in Pepper Seeds Separated by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Methodat Different Maturation Periods

Öz

Chlorophyll
Fluorescence (CF) is based on the separation of mature and less mature seeds
without any change in seed moisture and without water uptake any seeds. The
principle of this method is the reflection of the red light (670 nm) which is
given to the seeds on the basis of the rupture of the chlorophyll in the
ripening phase of the seeds. In this study, it was aimed to determine the
germination rate, protein amounts and presence of fungal agents of 8 year old
seeds of Çarliston, 11B14,  Yağlık and
Kandil Dolma cultivars which were harvested in two different maturity periods
and their maturation stages were identified as underripe, overripe by CF
separation technique. The most normal germination rate (30%) in control group
of first harvest was determined in Yağlık, however, the viability rate was
decreased depending on storageperiod. While no significant viability was found
in the groups with high chlorophyll rate by CF separation, Yağlık again partly
germinated (39%) in the group with low chlorophyll rate. However, in seed
groups of 4th harvest Kandil Dolma and Yağlık had the highest normal
germination performance (88-89%) in control groups. Higher viability rate was
determined in the groups with high chlorophyll rate through CF separation
compared to 1st harvest seeds and the outstanding species was Kandil Dolma
seeds with 63%.  Because maturity was
higher in the group with lower chlorophyll rate, the viability was generally
determined between 62-95%. In protein analyse, higher values were obtained in
4th harvest seeds with lower chlorophyll rates in Çarliston and Yağlık compared
to the others. The determined fungal agents were Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus
flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium spp. No fungal agents were
identified in the groups determined high and low chlorophyll values through CF
separation in 4th harvest seeds in all cultivars.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pepper, harvest periods, chlorophyll flourescence method, fungi, protein amount

Kaynakça

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